Augustinian Church, Vienna
{{Short description|Church in Vienna}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2021}}
{{Infobox religious building
| building_name =Augustinerkirche
| infobox_width =
| image =Augustinian Church Vienna.jpg
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| map_type =Austria
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| location =Vienna, Austria
| geo = {{coord|48.205722|16.367222|display=inline,title}}
| religious_affiliation =Catholic Church
| rite =
| region =
| state =Vienna
| province =
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| consecration_year =1349
| status =Active
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| heritage_designation =
| leadership =P. Matthias Schlögl, OSA
| website ={{url|http://www.augustinerkirche.at}}
| architecture =yes
| architect =Dietrich Landtner
| architecture_type =Church
| architecture_style =Gothic, Baroque
| founded_by =
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| facade_direction =NW
| groundbreaking =1327
| year_completed =1339
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| specifications =yes
| capacity =
| length =85 m (278.9 ft)
| width =20 m (65.6 ft)
| width_nave =11 m (36.1 ft)
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The Augustinian Church ({{langx|de|link=no|Augustinerkirche}}) in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the 18th century. The official name of church and parish is St. Augustin, but it is locally called Augustinerkirche.
History
In 1327, Duke Frederick the Handsome (Friedrich der Schöne) founded this church with a cloister for the Augustinian friars.{{cite web |title=Augustinerkirche |work=Wein-Vienna |url=http://www.wien-vienna.at/blickpunkte.php?ID=1707 |access-date=29 January 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130205175731/http://www.wien-vienna.at/blickpunkte.php?ID=1707 |archive-date=5 February 2013 |url-status=dead }}
In 1634, the Augustinerkirche became the parish church of the imperial church and so many Habsburg weddings took place there, including the wedding of Archduchess (and future Empress) Maria Theresa in 1736 to Duke Francis of Lorraine, the wedding of Archduchess Marie Louise in 1810 to Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte of France, Maria Leopoldina in 1817 to Dom Pedro of Portugal and the wedding of Emperor Franz Joseph in 1854 to Duchess Elisabeth in Bavaria.
A functioning monastery of six black-robed Augustinian monks remains and serves the needs of the parish.
Exterior
The Gothic church is 85 m (278.9 ft) long and 20 m (65.6 ft) wide. The nave is 11 m (36.1 ft) wide.Estimated specifications from satellite images provided by Google Earth
Interior
The nave was built under architect Dietrich Landtner from 1330 to 1339 but not consecrated until 1 November 1349. As the nearby Hofburg expanded, the Augustinerkirche gradually became engulfed by it and today is a part of the complex. Although inconspicuous from the outside, the inside is more ornate. During the reign of Emperor Joseph II, 18 side altars were removed in 1784 when the church was restored in the gothic style. A new side altar was added in 2004, dedicated to Emperor Karl I of Austria (1887–1922) who is on the path to being recognized as a saint by the Roman Catholic Church.
The pulpit was designed by Hofarchitekt Johann Ferdinand Hetzendorf von Hohenberg in 1784/85. when the church was returned to its original Gothic style.Felix Czeike: Wien. Kunst, Kultur und Geschichte der Donaumetropole, DuMont Reiseverlag, 1999, {{p.|120}} It is an early example of Gothic Revivalism in Central Europe. The white-and-gold wooden structure is placed on a column with a foliated Gothic capital. The balustrade and the rear wall is decorated with simple blind tracery. The abat-voix forms a canopy with the usual symbol of the dove and a statue of Saint Paul (?) on the top. A painting of the interior by Martin van Meytens from 1760 shows another simple, rectangular pulpit with the statue of the Madonna on the top.
=Chapels=
{{see also|Herzgruft (Vienna)}}
The Loreto Chapel, to the right of the main altar, holds the silver urns containing the hearts of Habsburg rulers, while their bodies are kept in the Imperial Crypt. Herzgruft contains the hearts of 54 members of the imperial family.{{cite web|url=http://www.augustinerkirche.at/augustinus_herzgruft.php |title=Die Herzgruft in der Loretokapelle |access-date=11 December 2007 |language=de |publisher=Augustinerkloster |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120205204158/http://www.augustinerkirche.at/augustinus_herzgruft.php |archive-date=5 February 2012 }}
=Cenotaph of Maria Christina=
Notable among the church's monuments is the memorial to Archduchess Maria Christina of Austria sculpted by Antonio Canova, in 1805.
Sacred music
Composer Franz Schubert conducted his Mass in F major there, and Anton Bruckner's Mass in F minor was written for the church and was first performed there. In the 21st century, the church is known to host high quality sacred music concerts, particularly for its weekly Sunday High mass with full orchestra and choir. The church has two organs.
Gallery
File:Interior of Augustinian Church, Vienna.jpg|Interior
File:Interior of Augustinian Church, Vienna 3.jpg|Altar
File:Augustinerkirche Orgel.JPG|Rieger Organ
File:Bach-Orgel Augustinerkirche (Wien).jpg|Bach Organ
File:Wien Hofburg Augustinerkirche ed 2009 PD 20091007 005.jpg|Chandeliers
File:Wien Augustinerkirche Altar Karl I.jpg|Side altar with painting of Emperor Karl I
File:Augustiner pulpit.jpg|The pulpit
=Cenotaph for Archduchess Maria Christina=
File:Cenotaph of Archduchess Maria Christina, Duchess of Teschen 9.jpg
File:Antonio Canova Cenotaph of Archduchess Maria Christina Augustinerkirche (Wien) panoramic sculpture Austria 2014 photo Paolo Villa August FOTO8412 - FOTO8425auto.jpg
File:Cenotaph of Archduchess Maria Christina, Duchess of Teschen.jpg
File:Wien Hofburg Augustinerkirche ed 2009 PD 20091007 007.jpg
File:Cenotaph of Archduchess Maria Christina, Duchess of Teschen 5.jpg
File:Cenotaph of Archduchess Maria Christina, Duchess of Teschen 2.jpg
File:Wien Augustinerkirche Kenotaph Maria Christina 5.jpg
References
;Citations
{{reflist}}
;Bibliography
{{refbegin}}
- {{cite book|last=Brook |first=Stephan |title=DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Vienna |publisher=Dorling Kindersley Ltd. |location=London |year=2012 |isbn=978-0756684280}}
- {{cite book|last=Gaillemin |first=Jean-Louis |title=Knopf Guides: Vienna |publisher=Alfred A. Knopf |location=New York |year=1994 |isbn=978-0679750680}}
- {{cite book|last=Meth-Cohn |first=Delia |title=Vienna: Art and History |publisher=Summerfield Press |location=Florence |year=1993 |asin=B000NQLZ5K}}
- {{cite book|last=Schnorr |first=Lina |title=Imperial Vienna |publisher=HB Medienvertrieb GesmbH |location=Vienna |year=2012 |isbn=978-3950239690}}
- {{cite book |last=Schulte-Peevers |first=Andrea |editor=Alison Coupe |title=Michelin Green Guide Austria |publisher=Michelin Travel & Lifestyle |location=London |year=2007 |isbn=978-2067123250 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/michelingreengui00gwen }}
- {{cite book|last=Toman |first=Rolf |title=Vienna: Art and Architecture |publisher=Könemann |location=Cologne |year=1999 |isbn=978-3829020442}}
{{refend}}
External links
{{commons category|Augustinian Church, Vienna}}
- {{cite web|url=http://www.augustinerkirche.at/augustinus_c.php|title=Geschichte der Kirche St.Augustin|access-date=11 December 2007|language=de|publisher=Augustinerkloster|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070723171146/http://www.augustinerkirche.at/augustinus_c.php|archive-date=23 July 2007}}
- {{cite web|url=http://www.augustinerkirche.at/augustinus_herzgruft.php |title=Die Herzgruft in der Loretokapelle |access-date=11 December 2007 |language=de |publisher=Augustinerkloster |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120205204158/http://www.augustinerkirche.at/augustinus_herzgruft.php |archive-date=5 February 2012 }}
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20060814155431/http://www.augustiner.at/kirchenmusik/ Official website]
{{Authority control}}
Category:Buildings and structures completed in 1349
Category:Churches completed in the 1340s
Category:Roman Catholic church buildings in the Vicariate of Vienna City
Category:14th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in Austria
Category:Augustinian monasteries in Austria
Category:Buildings and structures in Innere Stadt