Australasian bent-wing bat
{{short description|Species of vesper bat}}
{{speciesbox
| name = Australasian bent-wing bat
| image = Southern bentwing bat.jpg
| status =
| genus = Miniopterus
| species = orianae
| authority = Thomas, 1922
}}
The Australasian bent-wing bat (Miniopterus orianae) is a species of vesper bat in the family Miniopteridae. It is found in Australia and in Southeast Asia.
Taxonomy
The Australasian bent-wing bat was described as a new species in 1922 by British zoologist Oldfield Thomas.
The holotype had been collected on 9 July 1922 by Oriana F. Wilson, widow of Antarctic explorer Edward Adrian Wilson.
Thomas named the species Miniopterus orianae.{{cite journal|doi=10.1080/00222932208632816|title=LXVI.—A new bat of the genus Miniopterus from N. Australia|journal=Annals and Magazine of Natural History|volume=10|issue=60|pages=616–617|year=1922|last1=Thomas|first1=Oldfield|url=https://zenodo.org/record/1971231}} This species was once considered a subspecies of common bent-wing bat. It is now accepted that the Australasian bent-winged bat and the Eastern bent-winged bat are two distinct species.{{cite book|last1=Jackson|first1=S.|last2=Groves|first2=C.|title=Taxonomy of Australian Mammals|date=2015|publisher=CSIRO Publishing|location=Australia|isbn=978-1-4863-0014-3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jvznCQAAQBAJ&pg=PT82}}
The Australasian bent-wing bat has three subspecies: M. orianae bassanii (the southern bent-wing bat), M. o. orianae (the northern bent-wing bat), and M. o. oceanensis (the eastern bent-wing bat).{{cite journal|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0204282|pmid=30303979|pmc=6179213|title=Two subspecies of bent-winged bats (Miniopterus orianae bassanii and oceanensis) in southern Australia have diverse fungal skin flora but not Pseudogymnoascus destructans|journal=PLOS ONE|volume=13|issue=10|pages=e0204282|year=2018|last1=Holz|first1=Peter H.|last2=Lumsden|first2=Linda F.|last3=Marenda|first3=Marc S.|last4=Browning|first4=Glenn F.|last5=Hufschmid|first5=Jasmin|bibcode=2018PLoSO..1304282H|doi-access=free}}
Ecology
It is known to harbor the blood parasite Polychromophilus melanipherus, though one study found that bats with the blood parasite did not appear to suffer deleterious effects such as anemia or low body weight.
Range and habitat
M. orianae bassanii only occurs in southwestern Victoria and southeastern South Australia.
M. orianae oceanensis occurs widely along the east coast of Australia.{{cite journal|doi=10.1016/j.ijppaw.2018.11.008|pmid=30619705|pmc=6287050|title=Polychromophilus melanipherus and haemoplasma infections not associated with clinical signs in southern bent-winged bats (Miniopterus orianae bassanii) and eastern bent-winged bats (Miniopterus orianae oceanensis)|journal=International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife|volume=8|pages=10–18|year=2019|last1=Holz|first1=Peter H.|last2=Lumsden|first2=Linda F.|last3=Legione|first3=Alistair R.|last4=Hufschmid|first4=Jasmin}}
M. orianae orianae was first documented in Casurina Bay, which is {{cvt|17|mi|km}} from Darwin, Northern Territory.
Conservation
One of the subspecies (M. orianae bassanii) has been evaluated as critically endangered in Australia under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 since 2007.{{cite web|url=http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/publicspecies.pl?taxon_id=87645| title= Miniopterus orianae bassanii — Southern Bent-wing Bat| website=Australian Government Department of Environment and Energy| access-date=14 April 2019}}
M. orianae oceanensis is listed as vulnerable in Victoria, as it is only known from one maternity cave.