Avram Miletić
{{Short description|18th and 19th century Serbian songwriter}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Avram Miletić
| native_name = Аврам Милетић
| native_name_lang = Serbian
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = 1755
| birth_place = Kać, Military Frontier, Habsburg monarchy (today Serbia)
| death_date = after 1826
| death_place =
| nationality = Serbian
| other_names =
| known_for =writing the earliest collection of urban lyric poetry in Serbian
| occupation = merchant
}}
Avram Miletić ({{langx|sr|Аврам Милетић}}) (1755 – after 1826) was a merchant and writer of epic folk songs who is best known for writing the earliest collection of urban lyric poetry in Serbian between 1778 and 1781.
Family
Miletić was born in Kać, Military Frontier, Habsburg monarchy.{{Citation |last1=Srejović |first1=Dragoslav |author-link= Dragoslav Srejović |first2= Slavko|last2=Gavrilović|author3-link=Sima Ćirković|first3= Sima|last3=Ćirković|title=Istorija srpskog naroda |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1eoJAQAAIAAJ&q=%22%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC+%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%9B%22 |access-date=15 January 2012 |volume=2 |year=1986 |publisher= Srpska književna zadruga |location= Belgrade |language=sr |oclc=8451304 |page=142 |quote= Аврам Милетић (1755 – после 1826) ... родио се у Каћу...}}
Miletić's grandfather was Mileta Zavišić who came to Bačka from Kostajnica{{cite book|last=Popović|first=Bogdan|title=Srpski književni glasnik, Volume 42|year=1934|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s0pKAAAAMAAJ&q=%22%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC+%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%9B%22|author2=Jovan Skerlić|access-date=16 January 2012|page=283|quote=Милетићев отац је, године 1876, казивао Александру Сандићу да је његов прадед, Милета Завишић, дошао у Бачку са босанске границе, из Костајнице, што много не противречи Милетићеву казивању...}} where he led a company of three hundred men and fought against Ottomans for thirty two years. Since Ottomans wanted to punish him after they signed a peace treaty with Austrians, Mileta emigrated to Bačka and changed his last name to Miletić. Mileta's son Sima, who was a merchant educated in Novi Sad, had fifteen sons and three daughters. Avram Miletić was the oldest Sima's son.{{Citation |last=Petrović |first= Nikola |title=Svetozar Miletić, 1826–1901 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z-wwAAAAIAAJ&q=%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5 |access-date= 16 January 2012 |year= 1958 |publisher= Nolit |location= Belgrade |language= sr |oclc=7888773 |page= 8 |quote= дични предак Милета Завишић, гласовити јунак, тридесет и две године, са својом четом од триста јунака вршио упаде на турску територију и кажњавао Турке за њихова недела према Србима. Када су се Аустријанци и Турци измирили, Турци затраже Милетину главу. Да би се склонио од неминовне погибије, Милета се пресели са својом породицом у Бачку и прозове се Милетић, да би заметнуо траг. Милетин син Сима, према предању Светозарев прадед, изучи трговачки занат у Новом Саду и ту се ожени и изроди петнаест синова и три кћери. ... Симин најстарији син Аврам, Светозарев дед, рођен је 1755... }} The second son of Avram Miletić, also Sima like his grandfather, was a boot-maker{{cite book|last=Popović|first=Bogdan|title=Srpski književni glasnik, Volume 42|year=1934|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s0pKAAAAMAAJ&q=%22%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC+%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%9B%22|author2=Jovan Skerlić|access-date=16 January 2012|page=283|quote=Син Аврама Милетића, Сима чизмар...}} and a father of Svetozar Miletić, the political leader of the Serbs in Vojvodina.{{cite book|title=Зборник Матице српске за друштвене науке, Volumes 19–21|year=1958|publisher=Matica Srpska|location=Novi Sad|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yv8cAQAAMAAJ&q=%22%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC+%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%9B%22+|access-date=16 January 2012|page=104|language=sr|quote=Аврам Милетић, деда Светозара Милетића...}}
Biography
Avram Miletić completed his education in economics, first in Vidin and later in Novi Sad.{{cite book|last=Stanojević|first=Stanoje|title=Glasnik Istoriskog društva u Novom Sadu, Volume 7|year=1934|publisher=Istorisko Društvo|location=Sremski Karlovci|language=sr|quote=Аврам Милетић је био трговачки калфа, у Видину, у Новоме Саду;|oclc=16573849}} In period 1785—1787 Avram Miletić has been a teacher in two schools in two different villages, Lok and Vilovo, at the same time (he lectured in one school in the morning and another in the afternoon).{{cite book | last = J. Popović | first = Dušan | title=Vojvodina, Volume 2|year=1939|publisher=Istorisko društvo u Novom Sadu|location=Novi Sad|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FXYaAAAAIAAJ&q=%22%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%99%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BE+%D0%B8+%D1%83+%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%83+%D0%B8+%D1%83+%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%22 | author-link = Dušan J. Popović |access-date=16 January 2012|page=190|language=sr}} He married a local priest's daughter and opened a general store in Mošorin.{{cite book|last=J. Popović|first=Dušan|title=Vojvodina, Volume 2|year=1939|publisher=Istorisko društvo u Novom Sadu|location=Novi Sad|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FXYaAAAAIAAJ&q=%22%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%99%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BE+%D0%B8+%D1%83+%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%83+%D0%B8+%D1%83+%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%22|access-date=16 January 2012|page=190|language=sr}}
Work
In period 1778—1781 Avram Miletić composed a miscellany of 129 songs ({{langx|sr|Песмарица, Pesmarica}}). It contains many Serbian lyric poems and four folk epic poems: "A history of Prince Lazar from Kosovo and from Tzar Murat", "A history of Musić Stefan", "A history of the Duke Momčilo" and "A history of the Young Prodanović", which have been noted down around thirty years before Vuk Karadžić started recording epic poems.{{cite book|last=Veselinov|first=Ivanka|title=Tragom srpske prošlosti|year=1991|publisher=Biblioteka Matice srpske|location=Novi Sad|isbn=978-86-80061-06-1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=95BiAAAAMAAJ&q=%22%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC+%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%9B%22|author2=Vera Jerković|access-date=15 January 2012|page=6|language=sr|quote=Песмарица Аврама Милетића... има 129 песама}}{{Citation |author=Savet akademija nauka SFRJ |title=Bulletin scientifique: Sciences humaines |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5FBOAQAAIAAJ&q=%22Avram+Mileti%C4%87%22 |access-date= 15 January 2012 |year=1965 |publisher= Le Conseil |location= Zagreb |oclc=1765068 |page=60 |quote=...four epic folk poems from the Miscellany of Avram Miletić: "A history of Prince Lazar from Kosovo and from Tzar Murat", "A history of Musić Stefan", "A history of the Duke Momčilo" and "A history of the Young Prodanović".... They were noted some thirty years before first Vuk's poems...}}{{Citation |last=Karadžić |first=Vuk |author-link=Vuk Karadžić |title=Mala prostonarodnja slaveno-serbska pjesnarica, 1814. Narodna srbska pjesnarica, 1815. |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=icFiAAAAMAAJ&q=%22%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0+%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%9B%D0%B0+%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%22 |access-date=15 January 2012 |year=1965 |orig-year=1814 |publisher=Prosveta |location=Belgrade |language=sr |oclc=18105307 |page=578 |isbn=9788607000388 |quote= "Историја Мусића Стефана"... Зборник Аврама Милетића (1778—1781)... }} Miletić named all folk epic songs he recorded as histories because they have been considered as histories in the form of poems.{{Citation |last1=Srejović |first1=Dragoslav |author-link= Dragoslav Srejović |first2=Slavko|last2=Gavrilović|first3= Sima|last3=Ćirković|title=Istorija srpskog naroda |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1eoJAQAAIAAJ&q=%22%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC+%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%9B%22 |access-date=15 January 2012 |volume=2 |year=1986 |publisher= Srpska književna zadruga |location= Belgrade |language=sr |oclc=8451304 |page=144 |quote= да их је он све одреда називао историјама; у његовој свести, значи, народне јуначке песме су биле писана историја или стихована истина...}} Epic song "History of the Young Prodanović" is in fact well known song "Serbs in Donauwörth" ({{langx|sr|Срби у Донаверту, Srbi u Donavertu}}) recorded in 1744 by Hristofor Zhefarovich.{{Citation |last=Pavić |first= Milorad |author-link= Milorad Pavić |title=Istorija srpske književnosti baroknog doba: (17 i 18 vek) |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=2ZBiAAAAMAAJ&q=%22%D1%81%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8+%D1%83+%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%22 |year= 1970 |publisher= Nolit |location= Belgrade |language= sr |oclc= 258050552 |page= 435 |quote= Најзад песму Срби у Донаверту забележио је 1744 године Христифор Жефаровић }}{{Citation |last=Samardžić |first= Radovan |title= Историја Српског Народа |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CX5pAAAAMAAJ&q=%22%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B3+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%9B%D0%B0%22 |year= 1986 |publisher=Srpska knjiiževna zadruga |language= sr |page= 143 |quote= Четврту епску песму у својој песмарици Милетић је назвао Историјом Младог Продановића, а у ствари је то позната песма Срби у Донаверту }}
Miletić's miscellany is considered as the oldest known songbook of urban poetry.{{Citation |last=Hawkesworth |first=Celia |title=Voices in the shadows: women and verbal art in Serbia and Bosnia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rGSqi3EKxL4C&q=%22Avram+Mileti%C4%87%22&pg=PA92 |access-date= 15 January 2012 |year=2000 |publisher= Central European University Press |location=New York |isbn=978-0-585-39531-9 |oclc=49851607 |page=92 |quote= To date the oldest known songbook of Serbian urban poetry is that of Avram Miletić, which was compiled around 1780 }} Miletić has recorded a famous ballad "Omer and Merima" only five or six years after Alberto Fortis recorded it for the first time.{{Citation |last=Matić |first=Svetozar R. |title=Novi ogledi o našem narodnom epu |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=971iAAAAMAAJ&q=%22%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC+%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%9B%22 |access-date= 15 January 2012 |year= 1972 |publisher= Matica srpska |location=Novi Sad |language= sr |oclc=11647588 |page=245 |quote=Омер и Мерима – ову је Аврам Милетић записао пет-шест година после Фортисовог записа }} He has also recorded a text of the poem Pašhalija composed by Jovan Avakumović in 1775.{{cite book|title=Zbornik Matice srpske za književnost i jezik, Book 40, Issues 1–2|year=1992|publisher=Matica Srpska|location=Novi Sad|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iQJKAAAAYAAJ&q=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0|access-date=16 January 2012|page=335|language=sr|quote=варијанти Авакумовићеве песме Пашхалија новаја....текст ове песме сачуван је у врло малом броју записа: 1) у Песмарици Аврама Милетића}}
References
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Category:18th-century Serbian writers
Category:19th-century Serbian writers
Category:Writers from Novi Sad