Az Est
{{Short description|Hungarian evening newspaper (1910–1939)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2023}}
{{Infobox newspaper
| logo =
| image = Az Est címlapja.jpg
| caption =
| type =Evening newspaper
| format =
| owners =
| founder = Andor Miklós
| publisher = Az Est Lapkiadó Rt
| editor =
| chiefeditor = Andor Miklos
| foundation = 16 April 1910
| political =
| language = Hungarian
| ceased publication = 1939
| headquarters = Budapest
| circulation =
| sister newspapers = {{ubl|Pesti Napló | Magyarország}}
| ISSN =
| oclc =
}}
Az Est ({{IPA|hu|ˈɒz ˈɛʃt|-}}, {{langx|hu|The Night}}) was an evening daily newspaper which existed between 1910 and 1939 in Budapest, Hungary. It was one of the earliest boulevard newspapers in the country and enjoyed higher levels of circulation during its lifetime.
History and profile
Az Est was launched by {{ill|Andor Miklós|hu|Miklós Andor}} in 1910. Its first issue appeared on 16 April that year.{{cite book|author=Albert Tezla|title=Hungarian Authors; a Bibliographical Handbook|publisher=Belknap Press of Harvard University Press|year=1970
|isbn=978-0-674-42650-4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aOK0vb9WwaIC&pg=PA711|location=Cambridge, MA|page=711}} Miklós was also owner and editor-in-chief of the paper of which subtitle was politikai napilap (Hungarian: political diary).{{cite web|title=Az est: politikai napilap|publisher=Stanford University Libraries|oclc=1150786391|access-date=19 January 2023
|url=https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/13567263}} However, it had no clear political stance and was not close to a political party. The paper was headquartered in Budapest and published daily by the Az Est Lapkiadó Rt (Hungarian: Est publishing house) which also published three other newspapers, Pesti Napló and Magyarország.{{cite web|title=Az Est Journals - Morning: Pest Journal - Noon: The Night - Evening: Hungary|publisher=Budapest Poster Gallery|url=https://budapestposter.com/posters/az-est-journals-morning-pest-journal-noon-the-night-evening-hungary|access-date=19 January 2023}} The advertisement posters of these papers were created by Hungarian graphic artist {{ill|Tibor Pólya|hu|Pólya Tibor}}.
Az Est featured comprehensive articles on foreign news. For instance, Croatian journalist Marija Jurić Zagorka was among its foreign contributors who published articles on the political news in Yugoslavia.{{cite book|author=Marina Vujnovic|title=Forging the Bubikopf Nation: Journalism, Gender, and Modernity in Interwar Yugoslavia|publisher=Peter Lang|year=2009|isbn=978-1-4331-0628-6|location=New York|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0UpvTRpKCGMC&pg=PA97|page=97}} Towards the end of World War I the paper was one of the publications which criticized the alliance between German Empire and Austria-Hungary.{{cite journal|author=Mark Cornwall
|title=News, Rumour and the Control of Information in Austria-Hungary, 1914–1918|journal=History|date=February 1992|volume=77
|page=59|issue=249|doi=10.1111/j.1468-229X.1992.tb02392.x}} In addition to Népszava and Világ it supported the establishment of the revolutionary government after the dissolution of Austria-Hungary. It adopted a much more moderate political stance following the end of the revolutionary government.
Az Est had a circulation of 150,000 copies. Its circulation became very high over time, and it even managed to sold almost half a million copies.{{cite journal|author=T.Y. Pynina|issue=2|title=Hungary evening press: Az Est's special role|journal=RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism|year=2020|volume=25|pages=315–323|doi=10.22363/2312-9220-2020-25-2-315-323|s2cid=225020661|doi-access=free}} The paper folded in 1939 shortly after its nationalization due to the fact that it was owned by a Jew.{{cite book
|author1=Patrick Merziger|author2=Gabriele Balbi|author3=Carlos Barrera|author4=Balázs Sipos|page=145|editor1=Klaus Arnold|editor2=Paschal Preston
|editor3=Susanne Kinnebrock|title=The Handbook of European Communication History|year=2020|publisher=John Wiley & Sons Inc.|location=Hoboken, NJ
|isbn=9781119161783|chapter-url=https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119161783.ch7|chapter=Crises, Rise of Fascism and the Establishment of Authoritarian Media Systems|doi=10.1002/9781119161783.ch7 }}
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- {{Commons-inline}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Est}}
Category:1910 establishments in Hungary
Category:1939 disestablishments in Hungary
Category:Daily newspapers published in Hungary
Category:Defunct newspapers published in Hungary
Category:Hungarian-language newspapers
Category:Newspapers published in Budapest