Azare
{{short description|Place in Bauchi State, Nigeria}}
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{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2014}}
{{Infobox settlement
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Azare is a town in Bauchi State, Nigeria. It was founded by Mallam Zaki, who was put into office by Shehu Usman Danfodio in early 1814. Azare is the headquarters of the Katagum division in Bauchi State. It is bordered to the east by Damban LGA and Potiskum Yobe State, to the south by Misau Local Government, to the west by Jama'are Local Government, and to the north by Itas/Gadau Local Government Area of Bauchi State.Baffah Muhammad Retrieved 12 July 2016{{full citation needed|date=November 2020}}
History
Azare was founded in 1803 by Mallam Zaki.
Mallam's father first settled in Nafada in the Gombe emirate and later moved to Yayu, where he had Mallam. After the death of his father, Mallam went to Sheikh Usman Danfodio in Sokoto to take charge in his father's stead. In about 1809, Mallam settled at Tashena, a village about 90 kilometers away from the present Azare. Mallam ruled from 1807 to 1914. He was succeeded by his brother, known as Sulaiman Adandaya, from 1814 to 1816. The third emir of Azare, Mallam Dankauwa, ruled from 1816 until his resignation in 1846. Not more than eight rulers ruled this region up to now.
Climate
{{More citations needed|date=May 2025}}
The dry season in Azare lasts from October to April, and the rainy season occurs between May and September, reaching its peak in August. Rainfall ranges between 1300mm per annum. The temperature is high throughout the emirate with a mean daily 220c from April to May (1991).Abdulhadi Abba Kyari Retrieved 12 July 2016 Lateral soils characterized the higher areas of the Azare Katagum plain, while more productive land by the flood plains provide fertile from land. The soil is favorable for the production and cultivation of cotton, especially in some parts of northern Azare, which is conducive for cotton production.
Azare was an agrarian society with majority of the populace depending on farming and animal husbandry, as dictated by its climate and soil condition which favours the growing of cereal. Agriculture has great historical achievement in Azare. The rich Fadama being round the region provides fertile agricultural land for cereals, root crops, tree crops such as caltrops and a wider variety of vegetables, millet (Gero), late millet (Maiwa), Sorghum (Dawa), and groundnut and cotton which are the chief export crops and the marketing board recorded 22,271 tons of groundnut, the climate and soil condition also support the production of bean (wake) and cassava (Rogo). Agriculture is the main stay of the economy of Azare. This explains why the vast land coupled with high soil quality makes it possible for about 80-90% of its inhabitants to engage in food and cash crop farming. The major crops produced in the region include cotton, millet, later millet, groundnut and cassava as well as guinea corn.Bashir Ibrahim Aliyu Retrieved 01 June 2015{{full citation needed|date=November 2020}}
The vegetation pattern of the emirate can be classified into Sudan and Sahel savannah, the most prominent species commonly found are Shrub grass of Sabara Gabaruwa, Kargo (1991).
= Air pollution =
The amount of particulate matter, especially dust, in Azare is significantly increasing. Due to their small size and thickness, these particles can be dangerous to human health since they react chemically with the air.{{Cite web |title=Air Quality & Pollen Forecast for Azare |url=https://www.meteoblue.com/en/weather/outdoorsports/airquality/azare_nigeria_2349213 |access-date=2023-09-23 |website=meteoblue |language=en}}{{Cite web |title=Air Quality and Pollen in Azare, Bauchi State, Nigeria {{!}} Tomorrow.io |url=https://www.tomorrow.io/weather/NG/BA/Azare/076786/health/ |access-date=2023-09-23 |website=Tomorrow.io Weather |language=en}}{{Cite web |date=2023-09-23 |title=Azare Air Quality Index (AQI) and Nigeria Air Pollution {{!}} IQAir |url=https://www.iqair.com/nigeria/bauchi/azare |access-date=2023-09-23 |website=www.iqair.com |language=en}}{{Cite web |last=S.L |first=Tutiempo Network |title=Air quality in Azare (Nigeria) |url=https://en.tutiempo.net/air-quality/azare.html |access-date=2023-09-23 |website=www.tutiempo.net |language=en}}
= Geology =
Azare is underlain by undifferentiated rocks of the Basement complex which have been subjected to weathering that produced a fairly deep regolith{{Cite book |last=Kogbe |first=C. A. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WmlPAQAAIAAJ |title=Geology of Nigeria |date=1976 |publisher=Elizabethan Publishing Company |language=en}} The rocks are of Precambrian origin and consist of metamorphic and igneous rock types common among which are the granite descriptions; migmatite, gneisses and phillites. The granite dominates the structures, hence, is referred to as the Older Granites.{{Cite book |last1=Carter |first1=John Donald |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6jvmMQEACAAJ |title=The Geology of Parts of Adamawa, Bauchi and Bornu Provinces in North-eastern Nigeria: Explanation of 1:250,000 Sheets Nos. 25, 36 and 47 |last2=Barber |first2=W. |last3=Tait |first3=Eric Alexander |date=1963 |publisher=authority of the Federal Government of Nigeria |language=en}} In most areas underlain by the Basement complex is a thin, discontinuous mantle of weathered rocks.
Previous geological studies of Azare are few. However, have described aspects of the geology of the Upper Benue Trough, and the hydrogeology of parts of Bauchi State. The stratigraphic succession the upper Benue Trough consists of folded Cretaceous sediments called the Bima Sandstones unconformably overlying the Precambrian to Paleozoic Basement. This is succeeded by the Cretaceous Gombe sandstones which passes upwards into the Tertiary sands of the Kerri Kerri Formation. The sequence is terminated by the Quaternary Chad Formation.{{Cite web |last=Muhammad Auwal |first=Abdussalam |date=2022 |title=LinkedIn |url=https://linkedin.com/in/el-baihaqee}}
Culture, ethnic groups, and religion
File:Azare Emir's Palace Gate.jpg
The culture of the people is mainly influenced by Islam respect. The marriage customs of the people is according to Islamic procedures, such as the marriage itself and mode of dressings. Although, there are some cultures that are prohibited by Islam, like tashe{{typo help inline|reason=similar to tashie|date=November 2019}} and Kidan Gwauro, which are mainly practiced by small children.Isah M Sani Retrieved 17 May 2013{{full citation needed|date=November 2020}}Ibrahim Hassan Page 17 Diamond Plaza 12 June 2015{{full citation needed|date=November 2020}}
Azare is a pluralistic region made up of diverse ethnic and religious groups. There are two ethnic groups in Azare: Fulani, Hausa. Hausa language is widely spoken in Azare. Other immigrants who have different varieties of occupation infiltrated the emirate in Nigeria to pursue various trades and commerce in Katagum. Emirate visitors are well received and were given proper treatment by the 19th century Katagum.
The two main religions in Azare are Islam (approximately 99%) and Christianity (approximately 1%).Bashir Ibrahim Aliyu 'Aminu Saleh College of Education Azare e_Library' Page 19, Golden PlazaUsman Ahmad, 12 January 2015
There are many mosques and Arabic schools (Makarantun Allo), as well as various Islamic sects such as Tijjaniyyah, Qadiriyyah, Shi’ah and Jama’atul Izalatul Bida wa iqamatus sunnah which were introduced as far back as 19th century.Abdulhadi Abba Kyari Azare Diamond Plaza Aminu Saleh College of Education, Azare However, an influx of immigrants has led to the introduction and propagation of Christianity. This resulted of the British colonial missionaries, and churches have sprung up in most parts of the districts of the emirate.
Economy
= Hotels =
= Markets =
There are two markets in Azare: Old Market Azare and New Market Azare.
= Hospitals =
- Federal Medical Center Azare (FMC)
- General Hospital Azare
- Extreme Hospital
- Royal Hotel Azare
- Azare Urban Maternity
- Mastango Maternity Azare
- Nasarawa a PHC
- Collage Clinic
- Queen Amina Medical Integration
- Ardo Standard Medical Center Azare
- File:Federal Medical Center Azare.jpgAzare Vitnery Hospital
Geography
Azare is located at {{coord|11|40|27|N|10|11|28|E|region:NG_type:city(69035)|display=inline}}, at an elevation of 436 meters.
It is the largest of several nearby towns in the region including Jama'are, Misau, Bulkachuwa, Disina, Faggo, Zadawa Madachi, and Madara. Azare is home to the Federal Medical Centre, Azare, the Federal Government College Azare,{{cite web |url=http://www.fgcazare.net/ |title=Home |website=fgcazare.net |access-date=30 March 2017 |archive-date=12 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220312000952/https://fgcazare.net/ |url-status=dead }} and the College of Education Azare.[http://arewa.ml/ The Azare Federal Government College] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080705031521/http://azare0.tripod.com/ |date=5 July 2008 }}. Retrieved 18 February 2007[http://haqqconcepts.com.ng Samiul Haqq (Cyber Haqq)]{{Dead link|date=October 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Retrieved 18 July 2016Azare Airstrip lies about 10 km southeast of the town.
Demographics
The population has grown from 69,035 at the 1991 census to its 2007 estimated value of 110,452.{{cite web|url=http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?men=gpro&des=gamelan&geo=366067019 |title=The World Gazetteer |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930184417/http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?men=gpro&des=gamelan&geo=366067019 |archive-date=30 September 2007 |df=dmy }}. Retrieved 18 February 2007. In the last five years, the population has grown by more than 20%. It is also the largest growing town in the state and region. Growth is prominent in all directions with the creation of Bamako to the South-East, Unguwar Dankawu And Makara-huta Inuwa Dahiru Road to the North, Federal Lowcost-GRA to the Northwest and the extended growth in the south that sees the town engulfing places like Chilankori and Chara-Chara Yelwa.Abdulhadi Abba Kyari Retrieved 12 July 2016{{full citation needed|date=November 2020}}
The people of Azare are predominantly Muslim, and are primarily of Fulani ethnicity. The town's primary economic activity is agriculture.[http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9011531/Azare Encyclopædia Britannica entry for Azare]. Retrieved 18 February 2007.
References
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