Azienda Trasporti Milanesi

{{Infobox company

| name = Azienda Trasporti Milanesi

| logo = ATM logo.svg

| caption =

| type = Società per azioni

| traded_as =

| genre =

| fate =

| predecessor = SAO (until 1893)
Edison (until 1917)

| successor =

| foundation = {{Start date|1931}}

| founder =

| location_city = Milan

| location_country = Italy

| location =

| locations =

| area_served = Milan metropolitan area

| key_people = Gioia Ghezzi (President){{Cite web|url=https://www.milanotoday.it/economia/gioia-maria-ghezzi-atm.html|title=Atm, ecco il nuovo cda. Il presidente è Gioia Maria Ghezzi, ex Ferrovie dello Stato }}

| industry =

| products =

| services = Public transport

| revenue = €903.097 million (2010){{cite web|title=Bilancio ATM|url=http://www.atm-mi.it/it/IlGruppo/ChiSiamo/Pagine/BilancioEsercizio.aspx|publisher=www.atm-mi.it|access-date=24 September 2011|archive-date=21 March 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120321164234/http://www.atm-mi.it/it/IlGruppo/ChiSiamo/Pagine/BilancioEsercizio.aspx|url-status=dead}}

| operating_income =

| net_income = €6.831 million (2010)

| aum =

| assets =

| equity =

| owner = Municipality of Milan

| num_employees = 9800 (2018)

| parent =

| divisions =

| subsid = ATM servizi, Guidami, GESAM, Nord est trasporti (93.5%), Nuovi trasporti lombardi (74.5%), Mipark (51%), Perotti (51%), International Metro Service (Copenhagen Metro) (51%){{cite web|title=Struttura ATM|url=http://www.atm-mi.it/it/IlGruppo/ChiSiamo/Pagine/Struttura.aspx|publisher=www.atm-mi.it|access-date=24 September 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120228120536/http://www.atm-mi.it/it/IlGruppo/ChiSiamo/Pagine/Struttura.aspx|archive-date=2012-02-28|url-status=dead}}

| homepage = {{URL|https://www.atm.it/en}}

| footnotes =

| intl =

}}

{{lang|it|Azienda Trasporti Milanesi S.p.A.|i=no}} ("Milanese Transports Company JSC"; ATM) is the municipal public transport company of Milan and 46 surrounding metropolitan municipalities.{{Cite web|url=https://www.atm.it/en/IlGruppo/ChiSiamo/Pages/Attivita.aspx|title=Activities ATM, Azienda Trasporti Milanesi|website=www.atm.it|access-date=2020-04-01}} It operates 5 metro lines (see Milan Metro), 17 tram lines (see Trams in Milan), 122 bus lines and 4 trolleybus lines (see Trolleybuses in Milan), carrying about 776 million passengers in 2018.{{Cite web|url=https://www.atm.it/en/IlGruppo/ChiSiamo/Pages/Numeri.aspx|title=ATM in Figures ATM, Azienda Trasporti Milanesi|website=www.atm.it|access-date=2020-04-01}}

ATM manages other minor transport services in Lombardy as well. These include Radiobus,{{Cite web|url=https://www.atm.it/en/ViaggiaConNoi/Radiobus/Pages/Radiobus.aspx|title=Radiobus di Quartiere ATM, Azienda Trasporti Milanesi|website=www.atm.it|access-date=2020-04-01}} a demand-responsive minibus service; the Cascina Gobba–San Raffaele people mover;{{Cite web|url=https://www.atm.it/en/AltriServizi/Trasporto/Pages/MetroSanRaffaele.aspx|title=San Raffaele Light Railway ATM, Azienda Trasporti Milanesi|website=www.atm.it|access-date=2020-04-01}} the Como–Brunate funicular;{{Cite web|url=https://www.atm.it/en/AltriServizi/Trasporto/Pages/FunicolareComoBrunate.aspx|title=Como-Brunate Funicular Railway ATM, Azienda Trasporti Milanesi|website=www.atm.it|access-date=2020-04-01}} the BikeMi bike sharing service.{{Cite web|url=https://www.atm.it/en/ViaggiaConNoi/Bici/Pages/BikeMi.aspx|title=BikeMi ATM, Azienda Trasporti Milanesi|website=www.atm.it|access-date=2020-04-01}} Furthermore, since 2008, it has been operating the Copenhagen Metro in Denmark.{{Cite web|url=https://www.atm.it/en/IlGruppo/ChiSiamo/Pages/Estero.aspx|title=ATM Abroad ATM, Azienda Trasporti Milanesi|website=www.atm.it|language=it|access-date=2020-04-01}} Since November 2024 it has also been leading (51%) the operation of the Thessaloniki Metro in partnership with Egis Group (49%).{{Cite news |last=Smith |first=Kevin |date=13 September 2023 |title=Rethinking public transport post Covid-19 |url=https://www.railjournal.com/in_depth/rethinking-public-transport-post-covid-19/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230925223928/https://www.railjournal.com/in_depth/rethinking-public-transport-post-covid-19/ |archive-date=25 September 2023 |access-date=28 December 2024 |work=International Railway Journal |url-access=subscription}} NB: the archived version does not require a subscription.

History

File:ATM 4821.jpg.]]

Image:Ticket-ATM-Milan.jpg

File:Milano - corso Colombo - tram ATM 1725.jpg on line 29 (now replaced by lines 9 and 10) in Corso Colombo, restored to the original 1920s white-and-yellow livery.]]

Public transport in Milan started on August 17, 1840, with the opening of the Milan-Monza railway. Horse-drawn buses were introduced in 1841.

Services were run by the Società Anonima degli Omnibus (SAO), "Omnibus Anonymous Company". The company was responsible for 11 bus lines between 1861 and 1865.

Few years later the first horse-drawn trams were introduced: 3 lines were opened in 1881 followed in 1893 by the first electric tramway, built by Edison company. Two years later the same company opened 18 more lines, all ruled by municipality offices. Edison's concession on new lines expired in 1917, leaving all the operations to the municipality. Few years later the public offices responsible for public transport operations were made independent, becoming the Azienda Tranviaria Municipale (ATM) in 1931.

In the meantime, the first petrol powered bus lines were introduced in 1905, operated by SITA (Società Italiana Trasporto con Automobili) and then moved under control of ATM along with the first trolleybus line (1933).

After World War II resources were focused on bus lines and, since the mid-1950s, on the new metro. Milan Metro construction began in 1957 and in 1964 the first line was opened. Five years later the Line 2 was inaugurated.

On 1 January 1965, ATM changed its name to "Azienda Trasporti Municipali" (Municipal Transport Company). In these years a new generation of longer tram (jumbotram) were introduced. In the 1960s Italy and Milan saw a strong increase in car owners, and the increasing importance of private over public transport.

Several new stations of the two metro lines are opened in the following years. The new Line 3 was inaugurated in 1990.

Tram line 15 to Rozzano was the first to go beyond the city border in 1992.

ATM changed its name again in 1999 to adopt the current one, "Azienda Trasporti Milanesi", and it became a S.p.a. in 2001. In these years, the first on-demand service, the Radiobus, was introduced to operate during the night.

The first light rail line, Line 7, was introduced on 7 December 2002. This was followed by other two lines on 8 December 2003: Line 4 and Line 15. These three lines are howsoever referred to as trams.

New magnetic tickets and electronic pass cards were introduced in 2004. The complete upgrade process took 3 years.

File:ATM 7021.jpg on line 15]]

File:ATM 961.jpg trolleybus on line 92 at the Bovisa, near the railway station]]

File:ATMbus 2941.JPG on line 70, in via Carlo Farini]]

File:Milano - Metropolitana Duomo - Linea gialla - Foto Giovanni Dall'Orto - 3-jan-2007 - 03.jpg

Network

=Rapid transit=

The Milan rapid transit network consists of 5 lines:

M1: Sesto I Maggio - Rho Fiera / Bisceglie
M2: Assago Milanofiori Forum / Abbiategrasso - Cologno Nord / Gessate
M3: San Donato - Comasina
M4: Linate Aeroporto - San Cristoforo
M5: San Siro Stadio - Bignami

The network is more than {{convert|112|km|abbr=on|0}} long and serves 135 stations, mainly underground. The system has a daily ridership of over 1 million and is the biggest in Italy.

Outside of Italy, ATM also operates the Copenhagen Metro.

=People mover=

ATM operates a single people mover line, MeLA, that connects the Milan Metro with San Raffaele Hospital.

=Trams=

The tram network comprises 15 lines fully within the city limits (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 10, 12, 14, 16, 19, 24, 27, 33), plus two lines linking the city centre with the hinterland (15 Milan-Rozzano, 31 Milan-Cinisello Balsamo).

Lines 1, 5, 10, 19 and 33 are operated with Peter Witt streetcars from the 1920s.

=Trolleybuses=

The trolleybus network consists of 4 lines: lines 90 and 91 (known as la circolare, "Circle line") run around the city, while lines 92 and 93 serve some of the northern and eastern neighbourhoods.{{citation needed|date=January 2012}}