Bình An Cemetery

{{Short description|Cemetery in Dĩ An, Bình Dương Province, Vietnam}}

{{Infobox cemetery

|name = Bình An Cemetery

| native_name = ARVN Cemetery

|image = Central monument.JPG

|imagesize =

|caption = Central monument at the Cemetery

| map_type = Vietnam

| map_caption =

|established = ~1965

|country = Vietnam

|location = Dĩ An, Bình Dương Province

| coordinates = {{WikidataCoord|display=it}}

|type = Public

|owner = Government of Vietnam

|size = 58ha

|graves= ~12,000

|findagraveid=2475800

|political =

| embedded = {{Infobox mapframe |wikidata=yes |zoom=14 |marker = religious |coord={{WikidataCoord|display=i}}}}

}}

The Bình An Cemetery ({{langx|vi|Nghĩa trang Quân Đội Bình An}}) (formerly the Bien Hoa Military Cemetery ({{langx|vi|Nghĩa trang Quân Đội Biên Hòa}})) is a cemetery in Dĩ An, Bình Dương Province, Vietnam. It was an Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) military cemetery.Vietnam, Now: A Reporter Returns – p. 99 David Lamb – 2003 "This cemetery, the South Vietnam equivalent of Arlington National Cemetery, was just off the highway in Bien Hoa and marked clearly with a sign. I don't remember the soldier's name, but I know he wasn't anyone prominent. He was just part of ..."Christina Schwenkel – The American War in Contemporary Vietnam: Transnational ... – p. 218 2009 "3. This contrasts with official military commemoration in the former Republic of Vietnam (see Figure 3.5). In the spatial configuration of the (now empty) graves at the RVN military cemetery I visited at Biên Hòa, men of rank were separated from ... As stated, this practice is generally not found in war cemeteries in contemporary Vietnam, with two important exceptions: Hanoi's Mai Dịch Cemetery, which contains the hierarchically arranged graves of government leaders and other famous revolutionaries, ..."

The cemetery was apparently established in 1965, although the earliest graves appear to date from 1968.{{Citation needed|date=June 2023}}

File:Statue at entrance to Binh An Cemetery, November 1966.jpg

The location of the cemetery was marked by a {{convert|13|ft}} tall statue on Highway 1 by Vietnamese sculptor, Nguyen Thanh Thu, depicting a weary ARVN soldier seated with his M1 rifle on his lap that would come to be nicknamed Thuong Tiec. The statue was originally caste in concrete at a cost of US$170 and put in place in 1966, however in 1972 it was replaced by a bronze version at a cost of US$22,000. Over time legends grew of the Thuong Tiec statue coming to life to warn of Vietcong attacks.{{cite news|newspaper=The New York Times|title=Near Saigon, ghostly legends grow around statue of a grieving soldier|author=Gloria Emerson|author-link=Gloria Emerson |date=14 November 1971|page=16}}

The statue stood at the beginning of a ceremonial road leading to a hilltop pagoda accessible by stairs, behind the pagoda was a ceremonial walkway leading into the cemetery with the graves laid out in a series of circles around a circular monument and obelisk. The cemetery was built to hold a maximum of 30,000 graves and by the time of the Fall of Saigon in April 1975 approximately 16,000 burials had taken place there, with half the graves covered by cement and half simple dirt mounds. By 2009 total burials numbered approximately 12,000.{{Citation needed|date=June 2023}}

Following the Fall of Saigon the Thuong Tiec statue was destroyed and access to the cemetery was restricted until 2006 when families were allowed to tend the graves.{{cite web|url=https://www.thevietnamese.org/2022/04/reunification-without-reconciliation-a-glimpse-into-the-social-conflicts-and-integration-process-in-postwar-vietnam/|title=Reunification Without Reconciliation: A Glimpse Into The Social Conflicts And Integration Process In Postwar Vietnam|publisher=The Vietnamese|author=Dat Le|date=30 April 2022|access-date=11 November 2024}} A sign was erected outside the cemetery which read "Here lie the Americans' puppet soldiers who have paid the price for their crimes."{{cite book|last=Hastings|first=Max|title=Vietnam: An Epic Tragedy, 1945–1975|publisher=Harper|year=2018|isbn=9780062405661|page=730}}

In 2015 then United States ambassador to Vietnam Ted Osius visited the cemetery.{{cite web|url=http://tinhdongdoicom.powweb.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Letter-of-Ambassador-Ted-Osius-10272015-2.pdf|title=Letter from Ambassador to Edward R. Royce and Alan Lowenthal|date=27 October 2015|accessdate=10 October 2019}}