BBCH-scale (root and stem vegetable)
The BBCH-scale for root and stem vegetables identifies the phenological development stages of the root and stem vegetables such as carrot, celeriac, kohlrabi, chicory, radish and swede, using the BBCH-scale.
| class="wikitable" style="clear"
!Growth stage!!Code!!Description | |
| rowspan="6" style="vertical-align:top"|0: Germination
|00 | Dry seed |
| 01 | Beginning of seed imbibition |
| 03 | Seed imbibition complete |
| 05 | Radicle emerged from seed |
| 07 | Hypocotyl with cotyledons breaking through seed coat |
| 09 | Emergence: cotyledons break through soil surface |
| rowspan="6" style="vertical-align:top"|1: Leaf development (Main shoot)
|10 | Cotyledons completely unfolded; growing point or true leaf initial visible |
| 11 | First true leaf unfolded |
| 12 | 2nd true leaf unfolded |
| 13 | 3rd true leaf unfolded |
| 1 . | Stages continuous till ... |
| 19 | 9 or more true leaves unfolded |
| rowspan="9" style="vertical-align:top"|4: Development of harvestable vegetative plant parts
|41 | Roots beginning to expand (diameter > 0,5 cm) |
| 42 | 20% of the expected root diameter reached |
| 43 | 30% of the expected root diameter reached |
| 44 | 40% of the expected root diameter reached |
| 45 | 50% of the expected root diameter reached |
| 46 | 60% of the expected root diameter reached |
| 47 | 70% of the expected root diameter reached |
| 48 | 80% of the expected root diameter reached |
| 49 | Expansion complete; typical form and size of roots reached |
| rowspan="5" style="vertical-align:top"|5: Inflorescence emergence
|51 | Main shoot begins to elongate |
| 53 | 30% of the expected height of the main shoot reached |
| 55 | First individual flowers of main inflorescence visible (still closed) |
| 57 | First individual flowers of secondary inflorescences visible (still closed) |
| 59 | First flower petals visible; flowers still closed |
| rowspan="8" style="vertical-align:top"|6: Flowering
|60 | First flowers open (sporadically) |
| 61 | Beginning of flowering: 10% of flowers open |
| 62 | 20% of flowers open |
| 63 | 30% of flowers open |
| 64 | 40% of flowers open |
| 65 | Full flowering: 50% of flowers open |
| 67 | Flowering finishing: majority of petals fallen or dry |
| 69 | End of flowering |
| rowspan="9" style="vertical-align:top"|7: Development of fruit
|71 | First fruits formed |
| 72 | 20% of fruits have reached typical size |
| 73 | 30% of fruits have reached typical size |
| 74 | 40% of fruits have reached typical size |
| 75 | 50% of fruits have reached typical size |
| 76 | 60% of fruits have reached typical size |
| 77 | 70% of fruits have reached typical size |
| 78 | 80% of fruits have reached typical size |
| 79 | Fruits have reached typical size |
| rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:top"|8: Rispening of fruit and seed
|81 | Beginning of ripening: 10% of fruits ripe, or 10% of seeds of typical colour, dry and hard |
| 85 | 50% of the fruits ripe, or 50% of seeds of typical colour, dry and hard |
| 89 | Fully ripe: seeds on the whole plant of typical colour and hard |
| rowspan="4" style="vertical-align:top"|9: Senescence
|92 | Leaves and shoots beginning to discolour |
| 95 | 50% of leaves yellow or dead |
| 97 | Plants or above ground parts dead |
| 99 | Harvested product (seeds) |
References
- {{cite journal
| last = Feller
| first = C.
|author2=H. Bleiholder |author3=L. Buhr |author4=H. Hack |author5=M. Hess |author6=R. Klose |author7=U. Meier |author8=R. Stauss |author9=T. van den Boom |author10=E. Weber
| title = Phänologische Entwicklungsstadien von Gemüsepflanzen: I. Zwiebel-, Wurzel-, Knollen- und Blattgemüse. | journal = Nachrichtenbl. Deut. Pflanzenschutzd.
| volume = 47
| pages = 193–206
| year = 1995
}}
External links
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20070127190103/http://www.bba.de/veroeff/bbch/bbcheng.pdf A downloadable version of the BBCH Scales]