BMW N52#N51B30
{{short description|Straight-6 DOHC piston engine}}
{{Infobox automobile engine
| name = BMW N52 engine
| image = BMW-N52.jpg
| production = 2004–2015
| configuration = Straight-6
| block = Magnesium-Aluminium
| head = Aluminium
| valvetrain = DOHC, with VVT & VVL
| fueltype = Petrol
| displacement = {{convert|2497|cc|cuin|0|abbr=on|lk=on}}
{{convert|2996|cc|cuin|0|abbr=on|lk=on}}
| bore = {{convert|82|mm|abbr=on}}
{{convert|85|mm|abbr=on}}
| stroke = {{convert|78.8|mm|abbr=on}}
{{convert|88|mm|abbr=on}}
| predecessor = BMW M54
| successor = BMW N53
}}
The BMW N52 is a naturally aspirated straight-6 petrol engine which was produced from 2004 to 2015. The N52 replaced the BMW M54 and debuted on the E90 3 Series and E63 6 Series.
The N52 was the first water-cooled engine to use magnesium/aluminium composite construction in the engine block.{{cite web|title=BMW Pushes Lightweight Technology with Magnesium|url=http://www.worldcarfans.com/2030721.001/bmw-pushes-lightweight-technology-with-magnesium|website=www.worldcarfans.com|access-date=28 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090210023800/http://www.worldcarfans.com/2030721.001/bmw-pushes-lightweight-technology-with-magnesium|archive-date=10 February 2009|url-status=dead}} It was also listed as one of Ward's 10 Best Engines in 2006 and 2007.{{cite web |title=10 Best Engines 2006|url=http://wardsauto.com/news-analysis/10-best-engines-2006|website=www.wardsauto.com |date=January 2006 |access-date=21 October 2017}}{{cite web|title=Ward's 10 Best Engines 2007|url=http://wardsauto.com/wards-10-best-engines-2007|website=www.wardsauto.com|access-date=21 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171022143252/http://wardsauto.com/wards-10-best-engines-2007|archive-date=22 October 2017|url-status=dead}}{{cite web|title=Ward's Auto releases annual 10 Best Engines list|url=http://www.autoblog.com/2006/12/07/wards-auto-releases-annual-10-best-engines-list/|website=autoblog.com}}
In European markets, the N52 began to be phased out in favor of its direct injected version, the BMW N53 in 2007. Markets such as the United States, Canada, Australia and Malaysia retained the N52 as the N53 was deemed unsuitable due to the high sulphur content of local fuel.{{cite web|title=BMW's N52 versus N53 – what are we missing?|url=http://paultan.org/2010/05/11/bmws-n52-versus-n53-what-a=re-we-missing/|website=paultan.org}}
The engine is equipped with a dual overhead cam 24 valve cylinder head and the crankshaft is held in place with 36 main bearing cap bolts. The static compression ratio is 12.5:1 advertised, requiring the use of 100 RON (94 AKI) fuel.
The N52 and N53 are the last naturally aspirated straight-six engines produced by BMW, ending a history of continuous production of this engine configuration since the BMW M30 in 1968. In 2011, the N52 began to be replaced by the BMW N20 turbocharged four-cylinder engine. N52 production ceased in 2015.{{cite web|title=BMW N20 turbo 4 cylinder versus N52 naturally aspirated 6 cylinder|url=http://www.bimmerboost.com/content.php?2045|website=bimmerboost.com}}
Unlike its predecessors, there is no BMW M version of the N52.
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Design
File:BMW-N52 DetailValvetronic.jpg
Compared with its M54 predecessor, the N52 features Valvetronic (variable valve lift),{{cite web|title=BMW N52 and N53 24 Valve Six Cylinder Engines|url=http://www.unixnerd.demon.co.uk/n52.html|website=unixnerd.demon.co.uk}} a lighter block due to the use of a magnesium alloy{{cite web|title=2007 BMW 525xi|url=http://www.conceptcarz.com/vehicle/z12891/BMW-525xi.aspx|website=conceptcarz.com}} and an electric water pump (replacing the belt-driven water pump){{cite web|title=www.worldcarfans.com|url=http://www.worldcarfans.com:80/2040718.001/page2/bmws-new-six-cylinder-engines---in-depth|website=BMW's New Six-Cylinder Engines - In Depth|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090209105955/http://www.worldcarfans.com/2040718.001/page2/bmws-new-six-cylinder-engines---in-depth|archive-date=9 February 2009|url-status=dead}}{{cite web |url=https://bmwtuning.co/bmw-n52-engine-problems/ |title = The 7 Most Common BMW N52 Engine Problems| date=14 May 2019 }} and a variable output oil pump.{{cite web|title=Inside the N52 Engine|url=http://www.mwerks.com/artman/publish/features/printer_960.shtml|website=mwerks.com}} The redline was increased from 6,500 rpm to 9,500 rpm, except for N52B25 (130 kW).
Like the M54, the N52 uses electronic throttle control and variable valve timing (double-VANOS). Higher output versions of the N52 use a three-stage variable length intake manifold (also called "DISA").{{cite web|title=TMS1764947 - N52 330 Intake Manifold & Software Upgrade|url=https://www.turnermotorsport.com/p-340230-n52-330-intake-manifold-software-upgrade-for-128i325i328i528iz4/|website=www.turnermotorsport.com|access-date=22 October 2017}}{{cite web|title=Genuine BMW - 11617559523KT2 Intake Manifold Upgrade Kit|url=https://www.ecstuning.com/b-genuine-bmw-parts/intake-manifold-upgrade-kit/11617559523kt2/|website=www.ecstuning.com|access-date=22 October 2017}}
The N52 engine block is made from a combination of magnesium and aluminium.{{cite web|title=BMW N52B30 Engine|url=http://mywikimotors.com/n52b30/|website=www.mywikimotors.com|access-date=22 October 2017}} Magnesium is lighter than aluminium, however it has a greater risk of corrosion from water and may creep under load at high temperatures; this makes traditional magnesium alloys not suited for withstanding the high loads to which an engine block is exposed. Therefore, BMW used a magnesium alloy for the crankcase shell, with an aluminum 'inner block' to overcome the limitations of magnesium alloys.{{cite web|title=BMW Pushes Lightweight Technology with Magnesium|url=http://www.motor1.com/news/11149/bmw-pushes-lightweight-technology-with-magnesium/|website=www.motor1.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160529210402/http://www.motor1.com/news/11149/bmw-pushes-lightweight-technology-with-magnesium/|archive-date=29 May 2016}} The cylinder liners are made of Alusil.{{cite web|title=Nikasil Cylinders|url=http://www.looking4spares.co.za/web-articles/206|website=www.looking4spares.co.za |access-date=22 October 2017}} The N52 debuted with solid cast intake and exhaust camshafts, but during production hollow "hydro-formed" camshafts were phased in to reduce weight. Some engines came from the factory equipped with one solid and one hollow camshaft as the solid shaft was being phased out. Engine performance is not affected by installation of mixed camshafts.
The engine control unit (also called "DME") is a Siemens MSV70.
Models
| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"
!Engine!!Displacement!!Power!!Torque !! Years | ||||
| rowspan=3|N52B25 | rowspan=3|{{convert|2497|cc|cuin|1|abbr=on}} | {{convert|130|kW|bhp|abbr=on|0}} at 5,800 rpm | {{convert|230|Nm|lbft|abbr=on|0}} at 3,500-5,000 rpm | 2005-2008 |
| {{convert|150|kW|bhp|abbr=on|0}} at 6,400 rpm | {{convert|250|Nm|lbft|abbr=on|0}} at 2,750 rpm | 2007-2011 | ||
| {{convert|160|kW|bhp|abbr=on|0}} at 6,500 rpm | {{convert|250|Nm|lbft|abbr=on|0}} at 2,750-4,250 rpm | 2004-2013 | ||
| rowspan=8|N52B30 | rowspan=8|{{convert|2996|cc|cuin|1|abbr=on}} | rowspan=2|{{convert|160|kW|bhp|abbr=on|0}} at 6,100 rpm | {{convert|270|Nm|lbft|abbr=on|0}} at 2,500-4,250 rpm | 2006-2010 |
| {{convert|280|Nm|lbft|abbr=on|0}} at 2,500-3,500 rpm | 2010-2011 | |||
| {{convert|170|kW|bhp|abbr=on|0}} at 6,500 rpm | {{convert|270|Nm|lbft|abbr=on|0}} at 2,750 rpm | 2007-2013 | ||
| {{convert|180|kW|bhp|abbr=on|0}} at 6,500 rpm | {{convert|310|Nm|lbft|abbr=on|0}} at 2,750 rpm | 2008-2011 | ||
| {{convert|190|kW|bhp|abbr=on|0}} at 6,600 rpm | {{convert|300|Nm|lbft|abbr=on|0}} at 2,500-4,000 rpm | 2010-2011 | ||
| {{convert|190|kW|bhp|abbr=on|0}} at 6,600 rpm | {{convert|310|Nm|lbft|abbr=on|0}} at 2,600 rpm | 2009-2015 | ||
| {{convert|195|kW|bhp|abbr=on|0}} at 6,600 rpm | {{convert|315|Nm|lbft|abbr=on|0}} at 2,750-4,250 rpm | 2005-2009 | ||
| {{convert|200|kW|bhp|abbr=on|0}} at 6,650 rpm | {{convert|315|Nm|lbft|abbr=on|0}} at 2,750 rpm | 2006-2010 |
=N52B25=
{{convert|130|kW|bhp|0|abbr=on}} Applications:{{cite web|title=Engine specifications- N52|url=http://www.bmwheaven.com/database/engine.php?type=N52|website=bmwheaven.com}}{{cite web|title=5'E60 523i|url=http://www.realoem.com/bmw/en/select?product=P&archive=0&series=E60&body=Lim&model=523i&market=EUR&prod=20050300 |website=www.realoem.com |access-date=27 October 2017}}
{{convert|150|kW|bhp|0|abbr=on}} Applications:
{{convert|160|kW|bhp|0|abbr=on}} Applications:
- 2005-2010 E83 X3 2.5si, xDrive25i
- 2005-2010 E60/E61 525i, 525xi — except U.S. and Canada
- 2004-2013 E90/E91/E92/E93 325i, 325xi — except U.S. and Canada
- 2005-2008 E85 Z4 2.5si
=N52B30=
The {{convert|3.0|L|cuin|0|abbr=on}} models of the N52 have a bore of {{convert|85|mm|in|2|abbr=on}}, a stroke of {{convert|88|mm|in|2|abbr=on}} and a compression ratio of 10.7:1. Variations in power output are often due to different intake manifolds and variations of engine management software.{{cite web|title=2007 BMW Z4|url=http://www.conceptcarz.com/vehicle/z12963/BMW-Z4.aspx|website=conceptcarz.com}}
{{convert|160|kW|bhp|0|abbr=on}} Applications:{{cite web|title=2009 BMW 1 Series - Features & Specs|url=http://www.edmunds.com/bmw/1-series/2009/features-specs.html?style=&sub=|website=edmunds.com}}
- 2006-2007 E90/E92/E93 325i, 325xi — U.S. and Canada only
- 2006-2007 E60/E61 525i, 525xi — U.S. and Canada only
- 2006-2008 E85 Z4 3.0i — U.S. and Canada only
- 2008-2011 E82/E88 125i
- 2008-2010 E60/E61 528i, 528xi — U.S. and Canada only
- 2009-2010 E84 X1 xDrive25i
{{convert|170|kW|bhp|0|abbr=on}} Applications:
- 2007-2013 E90/E91/E92/E93 328i, 328xi — U.S. and Canada only
- 2008-2013 E82/E88 128i — U.S. and Canada only
{{convert|180|kW|bhp|0|abbr=on}} Applications:{{cite web|title=2011 BMW 528i - Short Take Road Test|url=http://www.caranddriver.com/reviews/bmw-5-series-review-2011-bmw-528i-test|website=caranddriver.com|date=8 October 2010 }}{{cite web|title=Test Drive: 2011 BMW 528i|url=http://www.autos.ca/car-test-drives/test-drive-2011-bmw-528i/|website=autos.ca}}
- 2010-2011 F10 528i
{{convert|190|kW|bhp|0|abbr=on}} Applications:{{cite web |title=Model selection: F'01 LCI - sedan - 730i |url=http://www.realoem.com/bmw/en/select?product=P&archive=0&series=F01N&body=Lim&model=730i&market=EUR&prod=20150300 |website=www.realoem.com |access-date=7 May 2019}}
- 2004-2007 E63/E64 630i
- 2005-2007 E90/E92/E93 330i, 330xi
- 2005-2008 E65/E66 730i
- 2005-2009 E60/E61 530i, 530xi
- 2009-2015 F01 730i
- 2008-2011 E89 Z4 sDrive30i
- 2009-2011 E84 X1 xDrive28i
- 2009-2012 E87 130i
- 2010-2011 F25 X3 28i
{{convert|195|kW|bhp|0|abbr=on}} Applications:
{{convert|200|kW|bhp|0|abbr=on}} Applications:{{cite web|title=2007 BMW 3-series E90 Sedan RWD (2WD) range full specs|url=http://www.automobile-catalog.com/make/bmw/3-series_e90_e91_e92_e93/3-series_e90_sedan/2007.html|website=www.automobile-catalog.com|access-date=30 May 2018}}
- 2006–2010 E83 X3 3.0si
- 2006-2010 E70 X5 3.0si, xDrive30i
- 2007-2010 E63/E64 630i
- 2007-2013 E90/E92/E93 330i, 330xi
=N51B30=
The N51 engine is a SULEV version of the N52 that was sold in parts of the United States that had SULEV legislation.{{cite web |title=How Do I Know if I Have an N51 or N52 BMW 6-Cylinder Engine? |url=https://blog.bavauto.com/17787/how-do-i-know-if-i-have-an-n51-or-n52-bmw-6-cylinder-engine/ |website=www.bavauto.com |access-date=17 August 2019}} Differences to the N52 versions include a variable-length intake manifold ("DISA") with three stages instead of one, and the static compression ratio lowered from 12.5:1 to 10.0:1.{{cite web |title=BMW N51 vs N52 Engine Differences |url=http://www.tuningforbmws.com/?q=n51-vs-n52-engine |website=www.tuningforbmws.com |url-status=dead |quote=Note: Web page still active, but image links are broken in the current version |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180816090114/http://www.tuningforbmws.com/?q=n51-vs-n52-engine |archive-date=16 August 2018 |access-date=17 August 2019 }} Additionally, the N51 features a secondary air pump ("SAP") not present in the ULEV N52.{{Cite web |title=RealOEM.com - Online BMW Parts Catalog |url=https://www.realoem.com/bmw/enUS/showparts?id=PH53-USA-09-2008-E90N-BMW-328i&diagId=11_4000 |access-date=2025-03-27 |website=www.realoem.com}}
Recalls
- In 2017, BMW recalled 740,000 six-cylinder models due to reports of the heater for the crankcase ventilation valve short-circuiting and causing a fire.{{cite web |last1=Caron |first1=Christina |title=BMW Recalls Roughly a Million Vehicles at Risk of Catching Fire |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/04/business/bmw-recall-fire.html |website=New York Times |accessdate=2022-06-19}}
- In 2023, 155,627 vehicles were issued a recall for VANOS bolts that could loosen or break over time.{{cite web |title=NHTSA Recall 23V-707 |url=https://static.nhtsa.gov/odi/rcl/2023/RCLRPT-23V707-8195.PDF |website=National Highway Traffic Safety Administration |accessdate=2024-03-27}}
See also
References
{{Reflist|2}}
{{BMW automotive petrol engines: 2000s to 2010s}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bmw N52}}