Baileya (plant)

{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}}

{{Automatic taxobox

|image = Baileya multiradiata flower 1.jpg

|image_caption = Baileya multiradiata

|display_parents = 3

|taxon = Baileya (plant)

|authority = Harvey & A.Gray ex Torrey, 1848

|type_species = Baileya multiradiata

|type_species_authority = Harvey & A.Gray ex Torrey, 1848

}}

Baileya (the desert marigolds) is a genus of plants in the aster family Asteraceae. All are native to the southwestern United States and to Mexico.[https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31808001#page/172/mode/1up Emory, William Hemsley. 1848. Notes of a military reconnoissance, from Fort Leavenworth, in Missouri, to San Diego, in California, including part of the Arkansas, Del Norte, and Gila rivers 144][http://www.tropicos.org/Name/40023962 Tropicos, Baileya Harv. & A. Gray ex Torr.]

They are typically annual, though B. multiradiata may be perennial.

The leaves, which may range from being entire to deeply lobed, mostly occur in a basal cluster. From this arises several flower stems, up to 18 inches (50 cm) in height, usually carrying a single yellow radiate flower each, although B. pauciradiata may have 2–3 flowers on a stem.[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=103367 Flora of North America, Baileya Harvey & A. Gray ex Torrey in W. H. Emory]

Desert marigolds typically have their main bloom in the spring, extending through July. Summer thunderstorms may enable a second bloom in October and even into November.[http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?609,795 Jepson Manual Treatment]

Baileya species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Schinia miniana (which feeds exclusively on the genus) and Schinia pallicincta (which feeds exclusively on B. pauciradiata).

The genus is named after US microscopist and West Point professor Jacob Whitman Bailey (1811–1857), known for his studies of diatoms.