Baku–Novorossiysk pipeline
{{Short description|Azerbaijan-Russia gas transporter}}
{{Infobox pipeline
| name = Baku–Novorossiysk pipeline
| type = oil
| photo =
| caption =
| map = Baku pipelines.svg
| map_caption = Location of Baku–Novorossiysk pipeline
| country = Azerbaijan, Russia
| coordinates =
| partners = SOCAR, Azerbaijan International Operating Company, Transneft
| length_km = 1330
| discharge = 5 million tons per year
| direction = east–north-west
| start = Baku (Sangachal Terminal), Azerbaijan
| finish = Novorossiysk, Russia
| est = 1997
| through =
| par = South Caucasus Pipeline
}}
The Baku–Novorossiysk pipeline (also known as the Northern Route Export Pipeline and Northern Early Oil Pipeline) is an {{convert|1330|km|mi|adj=on}} long oil pipeline, which runs from the Sangachal Terminal near Baku to the Novorossiysk terminal at the Black Sea coast in Russia. The Azerbaijani section of the pipeline is operated by the State Oil Company of Azerbaijan Republic (SOCAR) and the Russian section is operated by Transneft.
{{cite news
| url = http://en.trend.az/capital/pengineering/1128666.html
| title = SOCAR Becomes Operator of Azerbaijani Section of Baku-Novorossiysk Pipeline
| author = S. Aliyev, V. Sharifov
| publisher = Trend Capital
| date = 2008-02-06
| access-date = 2008-06-08
}}
History
A contract on the transportation of Azeri oil via Russia to the Black Sea port of Novorossiysk was signed on 18 February 1996. The trilateral contract was concluded between the Azerbaijan International Operating Company, SOCAR and Transneft. The oil transportation through the pipeline started on 25 October 1997.
{{cite news
| url = http://www.azerbaijan.az/_Economy/_OilStrategy/oilStrategy_05_e.html
| title = Transport routes of Azerbaijani oil (Baku-Novorossiysk, Baku-Supsa)
| publisher = Azerbaijan Portal
| access-date = 2008-06-08
}}
On 6 December 2006, after dispute over natural gas supplies from Russia, Azerbaijan announced that it will stop the exports of Azeri oil through the Baku–Novorossiysk pipeline starting on 1 January 2007.
{{cite news
| url = http://eurasiablog.wordpress.com/2006/12/08/confirmed-azerbaijan-to-stop-using-baku-novorossiysk-pipeline/
| title = Confirmed: Azerbaijan to stop using Baku-Novorossiysk pipeline
| publisher = Mosnews
| date = 2006-12-06
| access-date = 2008-06-08
}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}} Although SOCAR continued decreased oil supplies through the Baku-Novorossiysk Pipeline, the Azerbaijan International Operating Company stopped using the pipeline starting from 1 April 2007 and SOCAR became the new operator of the Azerbaijani section.
{{cite news
| url = http://www.regnum.ru/english/887804.html
| title = Azerbaijan decreases oil exports via Baku-Novorossiysk pipeline
| publisher = Regnum
| date = 2007-09-20
| access-date = 2008-06-08
}} SOCAR temporarily stopped oil supplies through the pipeline in February 2008 due to a pricing disagreement with Transneft. Later that year, the disagreement has been resolved and SOCAR resumed pumping oil on old agreement terms. In August 2008, the transport of oil along the Baku–Novorossiysk pipeline was radically increased due to sabotage in Turkey and the conflict in Georgia forcing a temporary shutdown of the rival Baku-Ceyhan and Baku-Supsa pipelines. As of 2013, the Baku–Novorossiysk pipeline remains operational, although the volume of oil pumped through it is relatively low. In 2012, SOCAR exported a total of 25 million tons of oil along all routes. Among them, only 2 million tons were exported through the Baku–Novorossiysk pipeline. The remaining 20 million and 3 million tons were exported through the Baku-Ceyhan and Baku-Supsa routes respectively.
{{cite news
| url = http://www.1news.az/economy/oil_n_gas/20130108013158626.html
| title = В 2012 году SOCAR экспортировала 25 млн. тонн нефти по всем маршрутам
| publisher = 1NEWS.AZ
| access-date = 2013-01-10
}}
The crude oil transported through Baku–Novorossiysk pipeline is developed within the framework of Early Oil Project, first stage of larger Azeri-Chirag-Guneshli (ACG) project.[http://www.azembassy.gr/browse.php?lang=eng&page=0206 Embassy of Azerbaijan in Georgia] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090126201557/http://azembassy.gr/browse.php?lang=eng&page=0206 |date=2009-01-26 }}
From March to July 2019, the pipeline closed down for maintenance.{{Cite web |title=SOCAR reduces oil exports via Baku-Novorossiysk pipeline {{!}} Hellenic Shipping News Worldwide |url=https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/socar-reduces-oil-exports-via-baku-novorossiysk-pipeline/ |access-date=2022-04-01 |website=www.hellenicshippingnews.com}} In October 2020, according to Azerbaijani sources, the pipeline was the target of armed attacks by Armenian forces.{{Cite web |date=2020-10-19 |title=Azerbaijan claims new pipeline attack thwarted {{!}} Argus Media |url=https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news/2151383-azerbaijan-claims-new-pipeline-attack-thwarted |access-date=2022-04-01 |website=www.argusmedia.com |language=en}}{{Cite web |title=Armenia Keeps Targeting Strategic Azerbaijan's Sites Far From Conflict Zone |url=https://caspiannews.com/news-detail/armenia-keeps-targeting-strategic-azerbaijans-sites-far-from-conflict-zone-2020-10-21-0/ |access-date=2022-04-01 |website=caspiannews.com |language=en}} In January 2021, a deal was signed between SOCAR and Transneft to transport over 1 million tons of oil through the pipeline, but from January to February 15th, 2021, no oil passed through the pipeline (derouted via Turkey instead).{{Cite web |date=2022-01-05 |title=SOCAR boosts oil transportation via Baku-Novorossiysk |url=https://www.azernews.az/oil_and_gas/187685.html |access-date=2022-04-01 |website=AzerNews.az |language=en}}
Route
The Baku–Novorossiysk Pipeline extends to {{convert|1330|km|mi}}, of which {{convert|231|km|mi}} are laid in Azerbaijan. In Russia the pipeline runs through Dagestan. Original route run also through Chechnya as it exploited the existing Grozny–Baku and Grozny–Novorossiysk pipelines.
{{cite book
| url= https://books.google.com/books?id=MeWOAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA27
| title= Energy and Security in the Caucasus
| first = Emmanuel | last = Karagiannis
| publisher = Routledge
| page = 27
| year = 2013
| isbn = 9781134547425
{{cite book
| url= https://books.google.com/books?id=0Lw6fssZU7sC&pg=PA147
| title= Well-Oiled Diplomacy. Strategic Manipulation and Russia's Energy Statecraft in Eurasia
| first = Adam N. | last = Stulberg
| publisher = State University of New York Press
| page = 147
| year = 2007
| isbn = 9780791470633
{{cite book
| url= https://books.google.com/books?id=OMmFBGXeLf8C&pg=PA100
| title= The Oil Road: Journeys From The Caspian Sea To The City Of London
| first1 = James | last1 = Marriott
| first2 = Mika | last2 = Minio-Paluello
| publisher = Verso Books
| page = 100
| year = 2012
| isbn = 9781844679270
}} However, during the Second Chechen War the Chechen section of the pipeline was closed and Transneft built a Chechenya- bypass loop.
{{cite book
| url= https://books.google.com/books?id=PPM2AQQvFnIC&pg=PA165
| title= Pipelines: Flowing Oil and Crude Politics
| first = Rafael | last = Kandiyoti
| publisher = I.B. Tauris
| page = 165
| year = 2012
| isbn = 9781848858398
}}
Technical features
The diameter of the pipeline is {{convert|530|mm|in}} and the capacity of annual transfer is equal to 5 million tons or 105,000 barrels per day.
{{cite news |date=2009-07-31 |title=Azerbaijan Ends Oil Pumping Via Baku-Novorossiysk |publisher=Azeri Times |url=http://www.theazeritimes.com/site/fuel-energy/2317 |access-date=2009-12-11}} The pipeline has three pump stations in Sangachal, Sumgait and Siyazan.
Volumes exported
- 2008: 1.3 million tons
- 2009: 2.55 million tons
- 2017: 1.49 million tons (+15% yoy){{Cite web |date=2018-01-31 |title=SOCAR increases oil export via Baku-Novorossiysk pipeline by 15pct |url=https://www.azernews.az/oil_and_gas/126358.html |access-date=2022-04-01 |website=AzerNews.az |language=en}}
- 2018: 1.2 million tons
- 2020: 613,000 tons
- 2021: 1.7 million (+64,5% yoy)
See also
{{Portal|Azerbaijan|Russia|Engineering|Transport|Economy|Energy}}
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- [http://www.bp.com/sectiongenericarticle.do?categoryId=9006672&contentId=7015099 Western Route Export Pipeline (BP website)]
{{Black Sea Energy}}
{{Pipeline Systems of Russia}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Baku-Novorossiysk Pipeline}}
Category:Energy infrastructure completed in 2006
Category:Oil pipelines in Russia
Category:Oil pipelines in Azerbaijan