Balanus rostratus
{{Short description|Species of barnacle}}
{{Speciesbox
| fossil_range = {{Fossil range|Pliocene|Recent}}
| image = Balanus rostratus.jpg
| genus = Balanus
| species = rostratus
| authority = {{ill|Paulus Peronius Cato Hoek|fr|lt=Hoek}}, 1883
}}
Balanus rostratus, the rostrate barnacle, is a species of acorn barnacle found primarily in the North Pacific.
Classification
Balanus rostratus was first scientifically described under its present name by {{Ill|Paulus Hoek|lt=|fr|Paulus Peronius Cato Hoek}} in 1883, in the eighth volume of the Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger During the Years 1873–76. The species' type locality is in Japanese waters near Kobe; the species was discovered in 1875, taken attached to a rock along with specimens of Balanus trigonus and Balanus amaryllis. Hoek thought the new species related to Balanus glandula and Balanus crenatus.{{Cite book |last=Hoek |first=P. P. C. |title=Report on the scientific results of the voyage of H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873-76 |volume=8 |pages=152–3 |chapter=Report on the Cirripedia collected by H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873–76 |chapter-url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/16578#page/489/mode/1up}} The type specimens were relatively small.{{Cite book |last=Pilsbry |first=Henry |author-link=Henry Pilsbry |url=https://spo.nmfs.noaa.gov/sites/default/files/pdf-content/fish-bull/fb29.3.pdf |title=Barnacles of Japan and Bering Sea |series=Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries}} In English, B. rostratus is commonly called the "rostrate barnacle", while in Russian it is called "Клювоносный морской жёлудь" ({{Translation|beaked sea acorn|literal=yes}}).{{Citation |last=Volvenko |first=Igor V |title=Checklist of the trawl macrofauna from the North Pacific and adjacent seas with information about fishery importance, potential product yield, and price range |date=2019 |url=https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.902195 |access-date=2025-04-22 |publisher=PANGAEA |language=en |format=application/zip |doi=10.1594/PANGAEA.902195 |last2=Orlov |first2=Alexei M |last3=Gebruk |first3=Andrey V |last4=Katugin |first4=Oleg N |last5=Ogorodnikova |first5=Alla A |last6=Vinogradov |first6=Georgy M |last7=Maznikova |first7=Olga A}}
Besides the implicit nominotypical subspecies, Balanus rostratus rostratus, four subspecies, B. r. alaskensis, B. r. apertus, B. r dalli, and B. r. heteropus were described by Henry Augustus Pilsbry; first apertus in 1911 and then the remaining three all at the same time in 1916.{{Cite journal |last=Pilsbry |first=Henry A. |author-link=Henry Pilsbry |title=The sessile barnacles (Cirripedia) contained in the collections of the U.S. National Museum |url=https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Bulletin/VqgKAAAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1 |journal=Bulletin |publisher=United States National Museum |volume=93 |pages=138–48}}
Fossil record
Fossils of Balanus rostratus have been recorded from several Pliocene deposits near Nome, Alaska.{{Cite book |last=Dall |first=William Healey |url=https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Pliocene_and_Pleistocene_Fossils_from_th/MtMqAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%22Balanus+rostratus+%22&pg=PA26&printsec=frontcover |title=Pliocene and Pleistocene Fossils from the Arctic Coast of Alaska and the Auriferous Beaches of Nome, Norton Sound, Alaska |date=1920 |publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office |language=en}}
Interactions with humans
= As food =
Balanus rostratus is fished for and eaten in Japan. In some markets, a kilogram of rostrate barnacles can fetch {{JPYConvert|2000}}, and there is some domestic trade for them.{{Cite journal |last=Miyahara |first=Daisuke |last2=Kado |first2=Ryusuke |date=2022-09-27 |title=Growth, feeding, and larval density of Balanus rostratus in Ofunato Bay, northern Honshu, Japan, compared with those in adjacent Mutsu Bay, Okirai Bay and Shizugawa Bay |url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/sosj/39/1/39_390101/_article |journal=Sessile Organisms |language=en |volume=39 |issue=1 |pages=1–13 |doi=10.4282/sosj.39.1 |issn=1342-4181|doi-access=free }} Aquaculture specifically for rostrate barnacles is done only by small-scale farms.{{Cite journal |last=Kado |first=Ryusuke |last2=Suzuki |first2=Junya |last3=Nanba |first3=Nobuyoshi |last4=Ogawa |first4=Hisao |date=2009 |title=Reproduction, growth, and feeding habits of Balanus rostratus Hoek transplanted into Okkirai Bay in northeastern Honshu, Japan, and prospective problems for its aquaculture |url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/sosj/26/1/26_1/_article/-char/ja/ |journal=Sessile Organisms |language=en |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=1–10 |doi=10.4282/sosj.26.1 |issn=1342-4181}}