Banate of Belgrade
{{Short description|1427–1521 banate of the Kingdom of Hungary}}
{{Infobox Former Subdivision
| native_name = {{lang|sr-Cyrl|Београдска бановина}}
{{lang|sr-Latn|Beogradska banovina}}
{{lang|hu|Nándorfehérvári bánság}}
| conventional_long_name = Banate of Belgrade
| common_name = Belgrade
| subdivision = Banate
| nation = the Kingdom of Hungary
| p1 = Serbian Despotate
| flag_p1 = Coat of arms of the Serbian Despotate.svg
| border_p1 = no
| s1 = Sanjak of Smederevo
| year_start = 1427
| event_end =
| year_end = 1521
| date_end =
| image_map = Macvanska banovina.png
| image_map_caption = Banate of Belgrade in 1490
| capital =
| stat_area1 =
| stat_pop1 =
| stat_year1 =
| category =
| today = Serbia
| footnotes =
| flag_border = no
| flag_caption = Flag of the Kingdom of Hungary in the 15th Century
}}
The Banate of Belgrade ({{lang-sr-Cyrl-Latn|Београдска бановина|Beogradska banovina|separator=" / "}}, {{langx|hu|Nándorfehérvári bánság}}) was a frontier province (banate) of the medieval Kingdom of Hungary, centered in Belgrade (modern Serbia). During the second half of the 15th century, and up to 1521, it had a significant role in the anti-Ottoman defensive system of the Kingdom of Hungary.
History
File:Epitaf Lovre sina Nikole Ilockog crkva sv Ivana Kapistrana Ilok 221209.jpg, Ban of Belgrade (1511-1513)]]
Prior to 1427, Belgrade had been the capital of the Serbian Despotate. After Serbian despot Stefan Lazarević died in the summer of 1427, his successor Đurađ Branković was forced to transfer Belgrade to the Kingdom of Hungary and to move his capital to Smederevo.{{sfn|Fine|1994|p=527}}{{sfn|Ćirković|2004|p=103}}
At first, Hungarian kings created the Captaincy of Belgrade, headed by a military commander (captain) in charge of the frontier region (lat. capitaneus belgradensis, or capitaneus nandoralbensis). In 1440, Belgrade was besieged by Ottomans, but the city was successfully defended.{{sfn|Fine|1994|p=531}}
In 1456, the Ottoman army tried to conquer Belgrade for the second time, but failed again.{{sfn|Fine|1994|p=569}}{{sfn|Ćirković|2004|p=107}}
After the annexation of the Serbian Despotate by the Ottomans in 1459, further Ottoman expansion was directed towards Captaincy of Belgrade and neighboring Banate of Mačva.{{sfn|Ćirković|2004|p=108}}
By the end of the 15th century, captains of Belgrade were replaced by bans (lat. banus belgradensis, or banus nandoralbensis), and thus the Banate of Belgrade was created. Ban of Belgrade also had a deputy, titled viceban of Belgrade. Finally, in 1521, the Ottoman army conquered Belgrade, which also marked the end of the Banate of Belgrade, and the region was subsequently incorporated into the Ottoman Sanjak of Smederevo.{{sfn|Ćirković|2004|p=111}}{{sfn|Pálosfalvi|2018|p=372-394}}
Among more notable captains and bans of Belgrade were: Matko Talovac, Jovan Talovac, Michael Szilágyi, Peter Dóczy, Lawrence of Ilok.
See also
References
{{reflist|2}}
Sources
{{Refbegin|2}}
- {{Cite book|last=Ćirković|first=Sima|author-link=Sima Ćirković|year=2004|title=The Serbs|location=Malden|publisher=Blackwell Publishing|isbn=9781405142915|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2Wc-DWRzoeIC}}
- {{Cite book|last=Engel|first=Pál|title=The Realm of St. Stephen: A History of Medieval Hungary, 895-1526|year=2001|location=London & New York|publisher=I.B.Tauris|isbn=9781850439776|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vEJNBqanT_8C}}
- {{Cite book|last=Fine|first=John Van Antwerp Jr.|author-link=John Van Antwerp Fine Jr.|title=The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest|year=1994|orig-year=1987|location=Ann Arbor, Michigan|publisher=University of Michigan Press|isbn=0472082604|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LvVbRrH1QBgC}}
- {{Cite book|editor-last1=Fodor|editor-first1=Pál|editor-last2=Dávid|editor-first2=Géza|title=Ottomans, Hungarians, and Habsburgs in Central Europe: The Military Confines in the Era of Ottoman Conquest|year=2000|location=Leiden|publisher=BRILL|isbn=9004119078|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V9vom-ZAElcC}}
- {{Cite journal|last=Isailović|first=Neven|title=Living by the Border: South Slavic Marcher Lords in the Late Medieval Balkans (13th–15th Centuries)|journal=Banatica|year=2016|volume=26|issue=2|pages=105–117|url=https://www.academia.edu/31105878}}
- {{Cite journal|last1=Ivanović|first1=Miloš|last2=Isailović|first2=Neven|title=The Danube in Serbian-Hungarian Relations in the 14th and 15th Centuries|journal=Tibiscvm: Istorie–Arheologie|year=2015|volume=5|pages=377–393|url=https://www.academia.edu/29083615}}
- {{Cite book|last=Pálosfalvi|first=Tamás|title=From Nicopolis to Mohács: A History of Ottoman-Hungarian Warfare, 1389-1526|year=2018|location=Leiden|publisher=BRILL|isbn=9789004375659|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QJByDwAAQBAJ}}
{{Refend}}
External links
- [http://lexikon.katolikus.hu/N/nándorfehérvári%20bánság.html About the Banate of Belgrade] (in Hungarian)
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20110810085148/http://lazarus.elte.hu/~mihalyi/proba/Hungary%201490.jpg Banate of Belgrade in 1490 - map]
{{coord missing|Serbia}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Belgrade, Banate of}}
Category:Banates of the Kingdom of Hungary
Category:15th century in Serbia