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Bank of Taiwan

{{Short description|State-owned commercial bank in Taiwan}}

{{Distinguish|Central Bank of the Republic of China (Taiwan)}}{{For|the geographical feature on the seabed of the Taiwan Strait|Taiwan Bank}}{{For|the SBL basketball team|Bank of Taiwan (basketball)}}

{{Infobox company

| name = Bank of Taiwan

| logo = Bank of Taiwan Seal.svg

| logo_size = 200px

| image = Bank of Taiwan Head Office.JPG

| image_caption = Head office building in Taipei

| type = State-owned

| company_slogan =

| foundation = {{start date and age|1897}}

| location = Taipei, Taiwan

| key_people = Jong-Yuan Ling (chairperson)

| area_served = Taiwan
Japan
Australia
Singapore
United Kingdom
United States
China
Hong Kong
South Africa

| num_employees = 8,122 (2017)

| industry = Banking

| products = Financial services

| assets = {{profit}}NTD 4,929 billion (2017)
(US$ 1,643 billion){{Cite web |url=http://www.bot.com.tw/English/BankProfiles/E_Finstatements/BalanceSheet.htm |title=Balance Sheet |access-date=2008-01-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090106181644/http://www.bot.com.tw/English/BankProfiles/E_Finstatements/BalanceSheet.htm |archive-date=2009-01-06 |url-status=dead }}|

| parent = Taiwan Financial Holdings Group

| subsid =

| homepage = {{URL|bot.com.tw/en/}}

| footnotes = Issuer of banknotes (1899–2000), De facto Central Bank (1949–1961)

}}

{{Chinese

| t = {{linktext|臺灣|銀行}}

| s = {{linktext|台湾|银行}}

| bpmf = ㄊㄞˊ ㄨㄢ ㄧㄣˊ ㄏㄤˊ

| w = T'ai²-wan¹ In²-hang²

| p = Táiwān Yínháng

| tp = Táiwan Yínháng

| mps = Táiwān Yínháng

| gr = Tair'uan Ynhang

| poj = Tâi-oân gîn-hâng

| tl = Tâi-uân gîn-hâng

| h = Thòi-vàn ngiùn-hòng

| kanji = 臺灣銀行

| kana = たいわんぎんこう

| romaji = Taiwan Ginkō

}}

The Bank of Taiwan (BOT; {{zh|t=臺灣銀行|first=t|p=Táiwān Yínháng|poj=Tâi-oân gîn-hâng}}) is a commercial bank headquartered in Taipei, Taiwan. It was established in 1897-1899 as a Japanese policy institution or "special bank", similarly as the Nippon Kangyo Bank (est. 1897), Hokkaido Takushoku Bank (est. 1900), Industrial Bank of Japan (est. 1902), and Bank of Chōsen (est. 1909). Its aim was to finance industrial demand in Japanese-ruled Taiwan and also to promote trade between South China, Southeast Asia and the Japanese possessions in the Pacific.{{citation |url=http://www1.tcue.ac.jp/home1/k-gakkai/ronsyuu/ronsyuukeisai/46_1/konno.pdf |title=A historical inquiry into the Japanese financial system and economic performance |author=Masanobu KONNO |year=2003 |journal=The Economic Journal of Takasaki City University of Economics |issue=46:1 |pages=15-32}}{{rp|16-17}}

The Bank of Taiwan was the main issuer of banknotes on the island from 1899 to 1961, when that role was taken over by the Central Bank of China. Having lost its former role as a bank of issue, it remains owned by the Government of the Republic of China.

History

File:The Bank of Taiwan (ad), The Economist 1917-10-20.jpg, 1917]]

{{Unreferenced section|date=October 2024}}

=Japanese colonial bank=

The Bank of Taiwan's creation was authorized in 1897 by the Bank Act of Taiwan which also encouraged Japanese enterprises, such as the Mitsubishi and Mitsui Groups, to invest in Taiwan. It started operations in 1899.

A financial crisis in 1927 was relieved with assistance from the Bank of Japan. Bank branches were created in other parts of Asia as the Japanese empire expanded, including areas in China and Southeast Asia. By 1929, the Bank of Taiwan had a total 14 offices outside of Japan and its colonies, fewer than the Yokohama Specie Bank or Bank of Chōsen but more than any other Japanese commercial bank.{{citation |url=https://www.carf.e.u-tokyo.ac.jp/old/pdf/workingpaper/fseries/151.pdf |publisher=Center for Advanced Research in Finance |title=The Activities of a Japanese Bank in the Interwar Financial Centers: A Case of the Yokohama Specie Bank |author=Makoto Kasuya |date=January 2009}}{{rp|3}}

=Bank of issue of the Republic of China=

After the Japanese surrender in 1945, the ROC government (led by the Chinese Nationalist Party, or KMT) took over the Bank of Taiwan and began issuing Taiwan dollars, also known as Taiwan Nationalist Yuan, through the Bank of Taiwan. This currency is now referred to as the "old Taiwan dollar." Severe inflation of this currency during the Chinese Civil War led the Bank of Taiwan to issue the New Taiwan dollar in 1949. After the loss of mainland China in the Chinese Civil War by the KMT and its subsequent retreat to Taiwan, the Bank of Taiwan kept printing the island’s banknotes until the Central Bank of China assumed that role in 1961.

=Taiwanese commercial bank=

The Bank of Taiwan was governed under the Taiwan Provincial Government until 1998 when governance was transferred to the ROC Finance Ministry. In 2001 the Central Bank of China took over the task of issuing the New Taiwan Dollar.

The Bank of Taiwan currently operates a total of 169 domestic branches as well as branches in Tokyo, Singapore, Hong Kong and the People's Republic of China. Branches have also been established in New York City, Los Angeles, London, and South Africa.

In July 2007, the Bank of Taiwan merged with the Central Trust ({{lang|zh-Hant|中央信託局}}) as part of a government financial reform package. The bank continues to operate as an independent company taking over some aspects of the Trust's banking business. In January 2008, the Bank became part of the Taiwan Financial Holdings Group ({{lang|zh-Hant|臺灣金融控股公司}}), which also contains BankTaiwan Securities and BankTaiwan Life Insurance.

Gallery

File:Bank of Taiwan Head Office Building 1940.jpg|The Bank of Taiwan's head office in 1939

File:Department of Public Treasury, Bank of Taiwan 20101001.jpg|Bank of Taiwan Department of Public Treasury, Taipei

File:Department of Economic Research, Bank of Taiwan 20151206.jpg|Bank of Taiwan Department of Economic Research, Taipei

File:Chia Pei Branch, Bank of Taiwan 20160326.jpg|Branch in Chiayi, Taiwan

File:台灣銀行新竹支店.jpg|Branch in Hsinchu, Taiwan, photographed in 1939

File:Building of Bank of Taiwan Karenko Branch 1916.jpg|Branch in Hualien, Taiwan, photographed in 1916

File:Kaohsiung Branch, Bank of Taiwan 20190309.jpg|Branch in Kaohsiung, Taiwan

File:Taiwan Bank in Kirun.jpg|Branch in Keelung, Taiwan, photographed in 1919

File:臺灣銀行阿緱出張所.jpg|Branch in Pingtung, Taiwan, photographed in 1919

File:Yilan Museum of Art 20230606.jpg|Former branch in Yilan, Taiwan, lately the Yilan Museum of Art

File:Bank of Taiwan Building Shanghai before 1949.jpg|Bank of Taiwan Building in Shanghai, before 1949

File:上海外滩万国建筑群楼12.jpg|The same building in 2013, by then a branch of China Merchants Bank

File:Hankou Jianghan Lu - China People's Bank - P1050136.JPG|Former branch in Hankou, lately used by the People's Bank of China

File:BankofTaiwan Shamian.jpg|Former branch on Shamian Island in Guangzhou

File:Bank of Taiwan at Battery Road, Singapore 01.jpg|Former branch in Singapore, early 20th century postcard

File:KITLV A194 - Kantoor van The Bank of Tawain te Semarang, KITLV 77551.tiff|Former branch in Semarang, photographed ca. 1927

See also

{{Commons category|Bank of Taiwan}}

{{Portal|Banks}}

References

{{Reflist}}

External links

  • [https://www.bot.com.tw/en/ Official website] {{in lang|en}}
  • [https://www.bot.com.tw/tw Official website] {{In lang|zh-tw}}
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20080122100933/http://member.giga.net.tw/taiwannote/newpage3.htm Banknotes issued under Japanese authorities]

{{Banks of Taiwan}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bank Of Taiwan}}

Category:Government-owned banks of Taiwan

Category:Banks established in 1897

Category:Companies based in Taipei

Category:1897 establishments in Taiwan