Baraba dialect
{{Short description|Dialect of Siberian Tatar}}
{{use dmy dates|date=February 2024}}
{{Infobox language
| name = Baraba
| nativename = {{lang|sty|параба, бараба}}
| states = Russia
| region = Siberia
| ethnicity = Baraba Tatars{{cite web |url=http://www.eki.ee/books/redbook/baraba_tatars.shtml |title=The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire |accessdate=2006-10-21| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20061015215825/http://www.eki.ee/books/redbook/baraba_tatars.shtml| archivedate= 15 October 2006 | url-status= live}}
| speakers = <8,000
| date = 2005
| familycolor = Altaic
| fam1 = Turkic
| fam2 = Kipchak
| fam3 = Kypchak-Kyrgyz{{Cite web |title=Сибирскотатарский язык {{!}} Малые языки России |url=https://minlang.iling-ran.ru/lang/sibirskotatarskiy-yazyk |access-date=2023-10-03 |website=minlang.iling-ran.ru}}
| fam4 = Siberian Tatar
| notice = IPA
| isoexception = dialect
| glotto = bara1273
| glottorefname = Baraba
| map = Lang Status 40-SE.svg
| mapcaption = {{center|{{small|Baraba Tatar is classified as Severely Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger}}}}
| altname = Paraba
}}
Baraba, Paraba or Baraba Tatar is a dialect of Siberian Tatar{{cite book |last=Тумашева |first=Д. Г. |script-title=ru:Диалекты сибирских татар. Опыт сравнительного исследования |title=Dialekty sibirskih tatar. Opyt sravnitelʹnogo issledovanija |trans-title=Dialects of Siberian Tatars. Comparative research experience|location=Казань |year=1977 |lang=ru}} spoken by Baraba Tatars in Siberia. While middle aged individuals and the young generation speak Russian and Volga-Ural Tatar, the Baraba dialect is used only by the older generation.{{cite journal |last=Güllüdağ |first=Nesrin |date=July 2013 |url=http://www.avrasyad.com/Makaleler/1246691019_17.pdf |title=Baraba Tatarlarının dili üzerine bir inceleme |trans-title=A Study on the Language of the Baraba Tatars |journal=AVRASYA Uluslararası Arastırmalar Dergisi |volume=2 |issue=3 |pages=88–128 |lang=tr}} As such, it is classified as Severely Endangered by the Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger.
History
The Arabic script has been historically used to write Siberian Tatar. The Latin script was adopted in 1928 but was replaced with the Cyrillic script in 1938.{{Cn|date=May 2024}} While standard Volga Tatar is widely taught in local schools, Baraba Tatar is not.{{Cite web |title=Baraba Tatars |url=https://www.eki.ee/books/redbook/baraba_tatars.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20000510100802/http://www.eki.ee:80/books/redbook/baraba_tatars.shtml |archive-date=2000-05-10 |access-date=2021-06-07 |website=The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire}}
Geographic distribution
Baraba Tatar is spoken mainly in the Novosibirsk Oblast, in Omsk Oblast, in Russia. Standard Volga–Ural Tatar is taught at local Tatar schools.
Sounds
=Consonants=
class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+caption | Consonants of Baraba !colspan=2| | |
rowspan=2|Plosive | Voiceless
|{{IPAlink|p}} |{{IPAlink|t}} | |{{IPAlink|k}} |{{IPAlink|q}} | |
---|---|
Voiced
|{{IPAlink|b}} |{{IPAlink|d}} | |{{IPAlink|ɡ}} | | | |
colspan=2|Affricate
| |{{IPAlink|ts}} |{{IPAlink|tʃ}} | | | | |
rowspan=2|Fricative | Voiceless
|({{IPAlink|f}}) |{{IPAlink|s}} |{{IPAlink|ʃ}} |{{IPAlink|x}} | |{{IPAlink|h}} |
Voiced
|({{IPAlink|v}}) |({{IPAlink|z}}) |({{IPAlink|ʒ}}) |{{IPAlink|ɣ}} | | | |
colspan=2|Nasal
|{{IPAlink|m}} |{{IPAlink|n}} | |{{IPAlink|ŋ}} | | | |
colspan=2|Lateral
| |{{IPAlink|l}} | | | | | |
colspan=2|Trill
| |{{IPAlink|r}} | | | | | |
rowspan=2|Semivowel
!Plain | | |{{IPAlink|j}} | | | | |
Labial
| | |{{IPAlink|ɥ}} |{{IPAlink|w}} | | |
- Sounds in parentheses appear only in loan words.
- The sounds {{IPA|[ts]}} and {{IPA|[tʃ]}} appear in free variation. The replacement of {{IPA|/tʃ/}} with {{IPA|/ts/}} is a feature that distinguishes Baraba from Volga–Ural Tatar.{{cite book |last=Дмитриева |first=Л. В. |script-title=ru:Язык Барабинских Татар (Материалы и Исследования) |year=1981 |publisher=Академия Наук СССР |location=Leningrad |language=Russian}}
=Vowels=
class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+caption | Vowels of Baraba !rowspan=2| !! colspan=2|Front!! colspan="3" |Central!! colspan="2" |Back | ||||||
unrounded | rounded | unrounded | compressed | rounded | unrounded | rounded |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
High
|{{IPAlink|i}} || {{IPAlink|y}} || | | ||{{IPAlink|ɯ}} || {{IPAlink|u}} | ||||||
Mid
|{{IPAlink|e}} || {{IPAlink|ø}} |{{IPAlink|ë}} || {{IPAlink|ø̈}} || {{IPAlink|ö}} || || {{IPAlink|o}} | ||||||
Low
|{{IPAlink|æ}} || || | | ||{{IPAlink|ɑ}} | |
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Baraba Language}}
External links
- {{in lang|ru}} [http://atlas.antat.ru/ Atlas of Tatar dialects]
{{Turkic languages}}