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Barima-Waini

{{Short description|Region of Guyana}}

{{Infobox settlement

| name = Barima-Waini

| native_name = Region 1

| native_name_lang =

| image_flag = Flag of Barima-Waini Region.gif

| settlement_type = Administrative region

| image_skyline = Coconut Trees on the Shell Beach - panoramio.jpg

| image_alt =

| image_map = Barima-Waini in Guyana.svg

| map_alt = Map of Guyana showing Barima-Waini region

| map_caption = Map of Guyana showing Barima-Waini region

| subdivision_type = Country

| subdivision_name = {{flag|Guyana}}

| subdivision_type1 = Regional capital

| subdivision_name1 = Mabaruma

| unit_pref = Metric

| area_total_km2 = 20,399

| population_total = 26,941

| population_as_of = 2012 census

| population_density_km2 = auto

| footnotes = {{cite book|last=Macmillan Publishers|title=Macmillan Junior Atlas: Guyana|year=2009|publisher=Macmillan Caribbean|location=Oxford|isbn=9780333934173|page=36|chapter=Administrative Regions - 1 and 7}}

}}

Barima-Waini (Region 1) is a region of Guyana and is located in the northwest of the country. Barima-Waini has three sub-regions: Mabaruma, Matakai, and Moruca.{{Cite web|date=2017-03-31|title=Moruca's needs can no longer be met by fishing, subsistence farming|url=https://www.stabroeknews.com/2017/03/31/business/morucas-needs-can-no-longer-met-fishing-subsistence-farming/|access-date=2021-01-19|website=Stabroek News|language=en-US}}

The region is located in the northwest of the country and has a population of 26,941.{{Cite web |title=District 1: Barima-Waini |url=http://www.caribbeanelections.com/gy/districts/district01.asp |access-date=2022-06-23 |website=Caribbean Elections}} It covers an area of {{convert|20339|km2}}. It borders the Atlantic Ocean to the north, the region of Pomeroon-Supenaam to the east, the region of Cuyuni-Mazaruni to the south and Venezuela to the west.

History

Prior to the 1980 administrative reform in Guyana, the Barima-Waini Region was known as the 'North West district'.UK Directorate of Overseas Surveys 1:500,000 map of Guyana NW sheet, 1966.

Mabaruma became the administrative centre when it was decided that the former centre, Morawhanna, was too susceptible to flooding.{{cite web|url=http://www.landofsixpeoples.com/news501/ns5010965.htm|title=Emanuel Chan-A-Sue, MS|website=Stabroek News via Land of Six People|access-date=19 August 2020}}

Etymology

The region is named after two rivers that flow through the region: the Barima River and the Waini River.

Geography

Barima-Waini is a heavily forested region. The Atlantic coastal strip of Region One features a number of beaches, including, from west to east, Almond Beach, Luri Beach, Shell Beach, Turtle Beach, Foxes Beach, Iron-punt Beach, Pawpaw Beach and Father's Beach. Marine turtles nest on some of these beaches. There are also a number of Amerindian communities in this area, including Santa Rosa Mission.

Economy

The main economic activities in the Barima-Waini region are forestry and gold mining. The northern and northeastern sections include thousands of acres of rich alluvial soil, whose main crops include coffee, ground provisions (such as cassava, eddoes and yams), cabbage, beans, corn, peanuts, and citrus fruits. (This is the area which supplies the famous Pomeroon cassareep.{{clarification needed|date=October 2021}})

The Matthews Ridge-Port Kaituma manganese industry was discontinued in 1968{{cite web|url=https://www.kaieteurnewsonline.com/2013/07/23/miners-thrilled-with-matthews-ridge-manganese-find/|title=Miners thrilled with Matthews Ridge manganese find|website=Kaieteur News Online|date=23 July 2013|access-date=19 August 2020}} when falling world prices made it uneconomical to continue. Mining was resumed as of 2011.{{cite web|url=https://investingnews.com/daily/resource-investing/battery-metals-investing/manganese-investing/guyana-aims-to-become-a-top-manganese-producer/|title=Guyana Aims to Become a Top Manganese Producer|website=Investing News|date=24 May 2012|access-date=19 August 2020}}

Major settlements, services and facilities

The Mabaruma sub-region includes the region's capital of Mabaruma, as well as Barabina, Hosororo, Wauna, Kumaka,{{Cite web|date=2010-11-14|title=The Mabaruma Sub-Region|url=https://www.stabroeknews.com/2010/11/14/features/mabaruma-sub-region/|access-date=2021-01-19|website=Stabroek News|language=en-US}} White Water and Kamwatta.{{Cite web|title=CH&PA to begin selecting beneficiaries, promoting new hinterland housing project {{!}} Ministry of Local Government and Regional Development|url=https://mlgrd.gov.gy/chpa-to-begin-selecting-beneficiaries-promoting-new-hinterland-housing-project/|access-date=2021-01-19|language=en-US}}

Moruca sub-region includes Waramuri, Warapoka, Santa Cruz, Kokerite, Chinese Landing, Kwebena and Santa Rosa, and Haimacabra.

Matakai sub-region includes Sebai, Port Kaituma, Matthew's Ridge, Baramita,{{Cite web|date=2017-10-30|title=Matakai education sector bolstering amidst challenges – DEO|url=https://dpi.gov.gy/matakai-education-sector-bolstering-amidst-challenges-deo/|access-date=2021-01-19|website=Department of Public Information|language=en-GB}} Arakaka,{{Cite web|title=Joint Services rank among several held following Matthew's Ridge robbery|url=https://guyanachronicle.com/2019/11/12/joint-services-rank-among-several-held-following-matthews-ridge-robbery/|access-date=2021-01-19|website=Guyana Chronicle|language=en-US}} and Morawhanna.{{Cite web|date=2012-07-21|title=Overseas-based investor resuscitating Morawhanna fish complex, fuel farm|url=https://www.stabroeknews.com/2012/07/21/news/guyana/overseas-based-investor-resuscitating-morawhanna-fish-complex-fuel-farm/|access-date=2021-01-19|website=Stabroek News|language=en-US}}

The region has two secondary schools, North West Secondary School in Mabaruma, established in 1965, and Santa Rosa Secondary School, established in 1992.

Population

The Government of Guyana has administered four official censuses since the 1980 administrative reforms, in 1980, 1991, 2002, and 2012.{{cite web|last=Beaie |first=Sonkarley Tiatun |title=Chapter 3: National Redistribution and Internal Migration |url=http://www.statisticsguyana.gov.gy/pubs/Chapter3_Population_Redistribution_Internal_Migration.pdf |work=2002 Population and Housing Census - Guyana National Report |publisher=Bureau of Statistics |access-date=29 August 2012 |page=51 |date=19 September 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120217151423/http://www.statisticsguyana.gov.gy/pubs/Chapter3_Population_Redistribution_Internal_Migration.pdf |archive-date=17 February 2012 |url-status=dead }} In 2002, the population of Barima-Waini was recorded at 24,275 people.{{cite web|last=Beaie|first=Sonkarley Tiatun|title=National Population Trends: Size, Growth and Distribution|url=http://www.statisticsguyana.gov.gy/census.html#popcenfinal|work=2002 Population and Housing Census - Guyana National Report|publisher=Bureau of Statistics|access-date=29 August 2012|page=25|format=PDF Download|date=19 September 2007}} Official census records for the population of Barima-Waini are as follows:

class="wikitable"

!1980

!1991

!2002

!2012

18,329

|18,428

|24,275

|26,941

Communities

Communities (including name variants):{{cite web|url=https://statisticsguyana.gov.gy/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Population_By_Village_2012.zip |title=2012 Population by Village|website=Statistics Guyana|access-date=6 December 2021}}

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Territorial claim

Venezuela has renewed its claim to the Essequibo region which is situated west of the Essequibo river.{{cite web|url=http://esequibo.mppre.gob.ve/|title=Official Announcements|access-date=28 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160908154936/http://esequibo.mppre.gob.ve/|archive-date=8 September 2016|url-status=dead}} The status of the border controversy is subject to the Geneva Agreement, which was signed by the United Kingdom, Venezuela and British Guiana on February 17, 1966. As of December 2020, the matter is being addressed by the ICJ.[https://www.icj-cij.org/public/files/case-related/171/171-20201218-SUM-01-00-EN.pdf Summary of the Judgement of 18 December 2020]

Gallery

Coconut Trees on the Shell Beach - panoramio.jpg|Shell Beach

Mabaruma Guyana Almond Beach House.JPG|Mabaruma

Continuing Promise in Guyana DVIDS130400.jpg|Santa Rosa School

99 Turns of Dark Bush - Moruca to Baramani - panoramio.jpg|Baramani River

Continuing Promise in Guyana DVIDS130397.jpg|Kumaka District Hospital

See also

{{Portal|Guyana|Geography}}

References

{{Reflist}}

{{Regions of Guyana}}

{{Authority control}}

{{Coord|7.667|N|59.750|W|display=title|source:dewiki_region:GY-BA}}

Category:Regions of Guyana

Category:States and territories established in 1980