Barinophyton

{{Automatic taxobox

| fossil_range = {{Geological range/linked|Devonian|Carboniferous|ref=}}

| image = Barinophyton citruliforme.jpg

| image_caption = Barinophyton citruliforme fossil, New York State Museum

| taxon = Barinophyton

| authority = White (1905) emend. Brauer (1980)

| type_species =

| type_species_authority =

| subdivision_ranks = Species

| subdivision = * B. citrulliforme Arnold (1939)

B. norvegicum (Høeg 1935) Schweitzer & Geisen (2008)
B. obscurum (Dun 1898) White (1905)
B. perryanum White (1905)
B. richardsoni (Dawson 1861) White (1921)
B. robustius
B. sibricum Petrosian (1962)

| synonyms = * Pectinophyton Høeg (1935)

}}

Barinophyton was a genus of early land plant with branching axes. It is placed in a group of early vascular plants (tracheophytes), the barinophytes, a group that has been given various ranks and scientific names. Known fossils are of Devonian to Carboniferous age ({{period span/brief|Devonian|Carboniferous}}).

Phylogeny

Kenrick and Crane in 1997 placed two species of Barinophyton along with the genus Protobarinophyton in the Barinophytaceae in their Sawdoniales, well nested within the zosterophylls. A summary cladogram produced by Crane et al. in 2004, shows Barinophyton in the core of a paraphyletic stem group of broadly defined zosterophylls, basal to the lycopsids (living and extinct clubmosses and relatives).

{{clade

| label1=lycophytes

| 1={{Clade lycophyte}}

}}

The phylogenetic position of the barinophytes remains disputed. Taylor et al. in 2009 considered the barinophytes to be possible lycopsids rather than zosterophylls. Hao and Xue in 2013 suggested that they were not lycopsids, instead falling between this group and the euphyllophytes.

References

{{Reflist| refs=

{{Citation |mode=cs1 |last1=Brauer |first1=D.F. |date=1980 |title=Barinophyton citrulliforme (Barinophytales Incertae Sedis, Barinophytaceae) from the Upper Devonian of Pennsylvania |journal=American Journal of Botany |volume=67 |issue=8 |pages=1186–1206 |doi=10.1002/j.1537-2197.1980.tb07752.x }} Cited in {{Harvtxt|Brauer|1981}}.

{{Citation |mode=cs1 |last1=Brauer |first1=David F. |date=1981 |title=Heterosporous, barinophytacean plants from the upper Devonian of North America and a discussion of the possible affinities of the Barinophytaceae |journal=Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology |volume=33 |issue=2–4 |pages=347–362 |doi=10.1016/0034-6667(81)90092-0 }}

{{Citation |mode=cs1 |last1=Crane |first1=P.R. |last2=Herendeen |first2=P. |last3=Friis |first3=E.M. |date=2004 |title=Fossils and plant phylogeny |journal=American Journal of Botany |volume=91 |issue=10 |pages=1683–99 |doi=10.3732/ajb.91.10.1683 |pmid=21652317 |name-list-style=amp |doi-access=free }}

{{Citation |mode=cs1 |last1=Hao |first1=Shougang |last2=Xue |first2=Jinzhuang |date=2013 |title=The early Devonian Posongchong flora of Yunnan: a contribution to an understanding of the evolution and early diversification of vascular plants |location=Beijing |publisher=Science Press |isbn=978-7-03-036616-0 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/269875285 |access-date=2019-10-28|name-list-style=amp |pages=55, 246 }}

{{Citation |mode=cs1 |last1=Kenrick |first1=Paul |last2=Crane |first2=Peter R. |year=1997 |title=The Origin and Early Diversification of Land Plants: A Cladistic Study |location=Washington, D.C. |publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press |isbn=978-1-56098-730-7 |name-list-style=amp |page=172}}

{{Citation |mode=cs1 |last1=Taylor |first1=T.N. |last2=Taylor |first2=E.L. |last3=Krings |first3=M. |year=2009 |title=Paleobotany, The Biology and Evolution of Fossil Plants |edition=2nd |location=Amsterdam; Boston |publisher=Academic Press |isbn=978-0-12-373972-8 |pages=325–326 |name-list-style=amp }}

{{Citation |mode=cs1 |last1=White |first1=D. |date=1905 |editor1-last=Smith |editor1-first=G.O. |editor2-last=White |editor2-first=D. |contribution=Paleontology |title=The Geology of the Perry Basin of South-eastern Maine |pages=35–84 |publisher=United States Geological Survey |location=Washington, DC |series=Professional Paper 35 |url=https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0035/report.pdf |access-date=2019-10-28 |name-list-style=amp }}

}}

External links

[http://www.amjbot.org/content/vol91/issue10/images/large/abot-91-10-04-f01.jpeg Cladogram] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20121204162818/http://www.amjbot.org/content/vol91/issue10/images/large/abot-91-10-04-f01.jpeg |date=2012-12-04 }} from {{Harvnb|Crane|Herendeen|Friis|2004}}

Category:Devonian plants

Category:Prehistoric plant genera