Baron Neville

{{short description|Barony in the Peerage of England}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}

File:Neville arms.svg]]

Baron Neville or Nevill was a title of nobility in England, relating to and held by the Neville family, a noble house in northern England. The Nevilles had their family seat at the manor of Raby (turned into Raby Castle in the 14th century){{cite book |last=Emery |date=1996 |first=Anthony |title=Greater Medieval Houses of England and Wales, Volume 1: Northern England |publisher=Cambridge University Press |page=32 |isbn=978-0-521-49723-7 |url={{googlebooks|D8vhhaR3JxsC|pg=32|plainurl=y}} }} in County Durham, and so were called barons "Neville of Raby".{{cite book |last=Given-Wilson |date=1987 |first=Chris |title=The English Nobility in the Late Middle Ages |publisher=Routledge & Kegan Paul |place=London |page=105 |isbn=978-0-7102-0491-2 |url={{googlebooks|re6EAgAAQBAJ|pg=105|plainurl=yes}} }} The title was first held as a barony by tenure (the Nevilles being feudal barons of Raby), and was afterwards created twice (in 1295 and 1459) by writ of summons to parliament.

The Neville barony of Raby came to existence in the 13th century, by the marriage of Robert fitz Meldred, lord of Raby, to Isabel de Neville, the heiress of a family of Norman origin. Their son, Geoffrey fitz Robert, adopted his mother's surname 'Neville' and inherited from his father the feudal barony of Raby, becoming the first "Baron Neville of Raby".{{cite DNB |last=Pollard |first=A.F. |display=Neville, Robert de, second Baron Neville of Raby (d. 1282) |volume=40 |p=299 |wstitle=Neville, Robert de |authorlink=Albert Pollard }}

The barony by writ was created when Geoffrey de Neville's great-grandson, Ranulph, the third baron, was summoned to parliament on 24 June 1295, whereby he is held to have become 'Lord Neville' (of Raby).{{cite book |editor-last=Cokayne |date=1936 |editor2-last=Doubleday |editor3-last=Howard de Walden |editor-first=G.E. |editor2-first=H.A. |editor3-first=Lord |title=The Complete Peerage |volume=9 |edition=2nd |name-list-style=amp |publisher=St. Catherine Press |place=London |page=497 |editor-link=George Edward Cokayne |editor-link3=Thomas Scott-Ellis, 8th Baron Howard de Walden }} It was created once again, on 20 November 1459, for John Neville, a younger scion of the family{{sfn|Cokayne|Doubleday|Howard de Walden|1936|p=504}} (he did not own Raby castle and so was simply called "Lord Neville"). His son Ralph later inherited the earldom of Westmorland together with the two previous creations of the barony. The titles remained merged until the attainder of Charles Neville, 6th Earl of Westmorland, in 1571, wherein the barony of Neville became extinct.{{sfn|Cokayne|Doubleday|Howard de Walden|1936|p=505}}