Bartonia paniculata
{{Short description|Species of plant}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = Bartonia_paniculata.jpg
| status = G5
| status_system = TNC
| genus = Bartonia
| species = paniculata
| authority = (Michx.) Muhl.
| subdivision_ranks = Subspecies
| subdivision = *B. paniculata subsp. iodandra
- B. paniculata subsp. paniculata
- B. paniculata subsp. texana
}}
Bartonia paniculata, commonly known as twining screwstem, is a saprophytic, annual or biennial species that grows in acidic, sandy-peaty wetlands.{{Cite web |title=NatureServe Explorer 2.0 |url=https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.147579/Bartonia_paniculata |access-date=2025-01-08 |website=explorer.natureserve.org}}
Distribution
Bartonia paniculata is the northernmost-ranging species in the genus Bartonia.{{Cite journal |last=Mathews |first=Katherine G. |last2=Dunne |first2=Niall |last3=York |first3=Emily |last4=Struwe |first4=Lena |date=2009-03-01 |title=A Phylogenetic Analysis and Taxonomic Revision of Bartonia (Gentianaceae: Gentianeae), Based on Molecular and Morphological Evidence |url=https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/10.1600/036364409787602320 |journal=Systematic Botany |language=en |volume=34 |issue=1 |pages=162–172 |doi=10.1600/036364409787602320 |issn=0363-6445}} It is found along the Atlantic coastal plain; its widespread range crosses 29 American states and five Canadian provinces, and overlaps with that of Bartonia virginica.{{Cite journal |last=Hill |first=Steven |date=28 January 2003 |title=Conservation assessment for twining screwstem (Bartonia paniculata (Michx.) Muhl.). |url=https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/items/10353/bitstreams/37879/object |journal=Center for Biodiversity Technical Report 2003 |volume=7}} The subspecies texana is found in eastern Texas and northeastern Louisiana; it was previously identified as Bartonia texana.{{Cite web |title=Bartonia paniculata (Michx.) Muhl. {{!}} Plants of the World Online {{!}} Kew Science |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1119316-2#children |access-date=2025-01-08 |website=Plants of the World Online |language=en}}
Conservation
Twining screwstem is legally protected in the state of Michigan as a threatened species.{{Cite web |title=Bartonia paniculata (Panicled screwstem) - Michigan Natural Features Inventory |url=https://mnfi.anr.msu.edu/species/description/14237/Bartonia-paniculata |access-date=2025-01-08 |website=mnfi.anr.msu.edu}}
Populations of the subspecies texana have declined by 50% over the past 57 years.{{Cite thesis |last=Chahal |first=Sharandeep S. |title=Ecology of rare North American plant species Bartonia paniculata subsp. texana and Platanthera cooperi |date=December 2023 |access-date=8 January 2025 |publisher=Texas Tech University |url=https://ttu-ir.tdl.org/items/5bf03046-1696-4d97-bdc8-36b3db2f577e |language=en |journal=}} It is found within the baygalls of the coastal plain forests of southeastern Texas. As the baygalls have become rarer as a plant community, the texana subpopulation has also declined.
References
{{Reflist}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q15607590}}
Category:Flora of Eastern Canada
Category:Flora of the North-Central United States
Category:Flora of the Northeastern United States
Category:Flora of the South-Central United States
Category:Flora of the Southeastern United States
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