Bathelium

{{Short description|Genus of lichens}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| image = Bathelium carolinianum - Flickr - pellaea (1).jpg

| image_caption = Bathelium carolinianum in North Carolina, USA

| taxon = Bathelium

| authority = Ach. (1803)

| type_species = Bathelium mastoideum

| type_species_authority = Afzel. ex Ach. (1803)

| subdivision_ranks =

| subdivisions =

}}

Bathelium is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Trypetheliaceae.

Taxonomy

The genus was circumscribed in 1803 by Swedish lichenologist Erik Acharius, with Bathelium mastoideum assigned as the type species.

Description

Genus Bathelium features a {{lichengloss|corticate}} thallus (a protective outer layer) usually with olive-green to brownish or greyish hues. This genus is distinguished by the form of its ascomata, the spore-producing structures, which possess apical ostioles (openings at the top). These ascomata can be found either singly or in groups, and often form {{lichengloss|pseudostromata}}, a stroma made of both thallus tissue and bits of host tissue. They are noticeable, ranging from {{lichengloss|prominent}} to {{lichengloss|sessile}}, and show a brown-black colouration, though in rare instances, they may have a whitish {{lichengloss|pruinose}} (powdery) appearance. This is complemented by a peripheral layer made up of tightly packed cells.

Within the ascomata, the {{lichengloss|hamathecium}}, a tissue layer containing filamentous structures, is clear and hyaline (translucent). It comprises thin, interconnecting filaments known as {{lichengloss|paraphysoids}}. The {{lichengloss|ascospores}} number from one to eight per ascus. They are transversely septate to {{lichengloss|muriform}} (divided into compartments by cross walls), with thin septa and more or less angular {{lichengloss|lumina}}. These spores are {{lichengloss|fusiform}}, meaning they have a spindle-like shape, with either acute (pointed) or rounded ends, and are not constricted at the median septum. They appear hyaline, do not react to iodine (IKI−), and are encased in a gelatinous sheath.

No conidiomata (structures responsible for asexual reproduction) have been identified in this genus. In terms of chemical properties, Bathelium frequently contains anthraquinones, compounds often present internally in pseudostromata. Lichexanthone, a fluorescent xanthone compound, is occasionally found within the genus.

Species

References

{{Reflist|refs=

{{cite book |last1=Acharius |first1=E. |year=1803 |title=Methodus qua Omnes Detectos Lichenes Secundum Organa Carpomorpha ad Genera, Species et Varietates Redigere atque Observationibus Illustrare Tentavit Erik Acharius |location=Stockholm |publisher=impensis F.D.D. Ulrich |page=111 |language=la |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/44218201}}

{{cite journal |last1=Aptroot |first1=André |last2=Lücking |first2=Robert |title=A revisionary synopsis of the Trypetheliaceae (Ascomycota: Trypetheliales) |journal=The Lichenologist |volume=48 |issue=6 |year=2016 |doi=10.1017/s0024282916000487 |pages=763–982 |doi-access=free}}

{{cite journal |last1=Flakus |first1=Adam |last2=Kukwa |first2=Martin |last3=Aptroot |first3=André |year=2016 |title=Trypetheliaceae of Bolivia: an updated checklist with descriptions of twenty-four new species |journal=The Lichenologist |volume=48 |issue=6 |pages=661–692 |doi=10.1017/S0024282915000559|doi-access=free }}

{{cite journal |last1=Lücking |first1=Robert |last2=Nelsen |first2=Matthew P. |last3=Aptroot |first3= André |last4=Benatti |first4=Michel Navarro |last5=Binh |first5=Nguyen Quoc |last6=Gueidan |first6=Cecile |last7=Gutiérrez |first7=Martha Cecilia |last8=Jungbluth |first8=Patricia |last9=Lumbsch |first9=H. Thorsten |last10=Marcelli |first10=Marcelo P. |last11=Moncada |first11=Bibiana |last12=Naksuwankul |first12=Khwanruan |last13=Orozco |first13=Thelma |last14=Salazar-Allen |first14=Noris |last15=Upreti |first15=Dalip K. |year=2016 |title=A pot-pourri of new species of Trypetheliaceae resulting from molecular phylogenetic studies |journal=The Lichenologist |volume=48 |issue=6 |pages=639–660 |doi=10.1017/S0024282916000475|doi-access=free }}

{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |last1=Wijayawardene |first1=Nalin |last2=Hyde |first2=Kevin |first3=Laith Khalil Tawfeeq |last3=Al-Ani |last4=Somayeh |first4=Dolatabadi |last5=Stadler |first5=Marc |last6=Haelewaters |first6=Danny |last7=Tsurykau |first7=Andrei |last8=Mesic |first8=Armin |last9=Navathe |first9=Sudhir |last10=Papp |first10=Viktor |last11=Oliveira Fiuza |first11=Patrícia |last12=Vázquez |first12=Víctor |last13=Gautam |first13=Ajay |last14=Becerra |first14=Alejandra G. |last15=Ekanayaka |first15=Anusha |last16=K. C. |first16=Rajeshkumar |last17=Bezerra |first17=Jadson |last18=Matočec |first18=Neven |last19=Maharachchikumbura |first19=Sajeewa |last20=Suetrong |first20=Satinee |year=2020 |title=Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa |journal=Mycosphere |volume=11 |pages=1060–1456 |doi=10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8 |doi-access=free|hdl=10481/61998 |hdl-access=free }}

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{{Taxonbar|from=Q10426933}}

Category:Trypetheliaceae

Category:Dothideomycetes genera

Category:Lichen genera

Category:Taxa described in 1803

Category:Taxa named by Erik Acharius