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Bathytoma

{{Short description|Genus of gastropods}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| fossil_range = {{fossil range|55.8|0|Paleocene - Recent}}

| image = Bathytoma luehdorfi 001.jpg

| image_caption = Shell of Bathytoma luehdorfi (Lischke, 1872)

| display_parents = 3

| taxon = Bathytoma

| authority = Harris & Burrows, 1891 Harris G. F. & Burrows H. W. (1891). The Eocene and Oligocene beds of the Paris basin. Geologists' Association, London 129 pp.: page(s): 113

| type_species = Murex cataphracta

| type_species_authority = Brocchi, G.B., 1814

| synonyms_ref =

| synonyms =

  • Bathytoma (Micantapex) Iredale, 1936
  • Bathytoma (Parabathytoma) Shuto, 1961
  • Bathytoma (Riuguhdrillia) Oyama, 1951
  • † Dolichotoma Bellardi, 1875 (invalid: junior homonym of Dolichotoma Hope, 1839 [Coleoptera]; Bathytoma is a replacement name)
  • Micantapex Iredale, 1936
  • Parabathytoma Shuto, 1961
  • Riuguhdrillia Oyama, 1951

}}

Bathytoma is a genus of deep-water sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Borsoniidae.{{WRMS species|391178 |Bathytoma Harris & Burrows, 1891||12 August 2011}}

Fossil records

This genus is known in the fossil records from the Paleocene to the Quaternary (age range: 55.8 to 0.781 million years ago). Fossils are found in the marine strata throughout the world.[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=10829 Fossilworks]

Distribution

This marine species occurs in the Eastern Indian Ocean (Madagascar, Mozambique, South Africa); off Indonesia, New Caledonia, Panglao Island, Sulu Sea, Vanuatu, Wallis and Futuna, Bohol, Kerala, New Zealand, Philippines, Sea of Japan; off Australia (New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria, Western Australia). They are all known from deep waters from 100 m to about 1500 m, but usually at 200–700 m.

Description

The lines of specific distinction appear to be drawn narrowly in this genus and to depend chiefly upon sculpture. The novelty appears intimately related to Bathytoma engonia (Watson, 1881) Watson — Journal Linnean Society, xv., 1881, p. 405 differing by the sharper keel, more elevated tubercles and generally coarser sculpture.[https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7108159#page/252/mode/1up Hedley, C. & Petterd, W.P. 1906. Mollusca from three hundred fathoms, off Sydney. Records of the Australian Museum 6: 211-225]

The biconical or fusiform shell is medium-sized to rather large. Its periphery is smooth or nodose, angulate or keeled. The peripheral anal sinus is deep. The columella is somewhat swollen, sometimes showing a pleat. The paucispiral protoconch consists of 1 to 3 conical or globose whorls, smooth or with faint spiral striae. The operculum is broadly oblanceolate to ovate shape, with an eccentric to terminal nucleus. The ground color of the shell is white to yellowish-brown.Kilburn R.N. (1986). Turridae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) of southern Africa and Mozambique. Part 3. Subfamily Borsoniinae. Annals of the Natal Museum. 27: 633-720 page(s): 639, figs 28-29, 33-34

Their protoconch morphology seems to infer a non-planktotrophic larval development.[http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14772001003748709 Nicolas Puillandre, Alexander V. Sysoev, Baldomero M. Olivera, Arnaud Coulouxd & Philippe Bouchet, Loss of planktotrophy and speciation: geographical fragmentation in the deep-water gastropod genus Bathytoma (Gastropoda, Conoidea) in the western Pacific; Systematics and Biodiversity Volume 8, Issue 3, 2010 DOI:10.1080/14772001003748709]

Species

Species within the genus Bathytoma include:

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;Species brought into synonymy:

  • Bathytoma biconica Hedley, 1903: synonym of Benthofascis biconica (Hedley, 1903)
  • Bathytoma colorata Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001: synonym of Gemmuloborsonia colorata (Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001)
  • † Bathytoma condonana F.M. Anderson & B. Martin, 1914: synonym of Megasurcula condonana (F.M. Anderson & B. Martin, 1914)
  • † Bathytoma excavata Suter, 1917: synonym of † Austrotoma excavata (Suter, 1917)
  • Bathytoma sulcata excavata Suter, 1917 synonym of † Austrotoma excavata (Suter, 1917)
  • Bathytoma gratiosa Suter, 1908: synonym of Fenestrosyrinx gratiosa (Suter, 1908), synonym of Taranis gratiosa (Suter, 1908)
  • Bathytoma sarcinula Hedley, 1905: synonym of Benthofascis sarcinula (Hedley, 1905)
  • Bathytoma tremperiana (Dall, 1911): synonym of Megasurcula tremperiana (Dall, 1911)
  • Bathytoma tremperiana Dall, 1911: synonym of Megasurcula carpenteriana (Gabb, 1865)
  • Subgenus Bathytoma (Parabathytoma) Shuto, 1961 represented as Bathytoma Harris & Burrows, 1891
  • Bathytoma (Parabathytoma) helenae Kilburn, 1974 represented as Bathytoma helenae Kilburn, 1974
  • Bathytoma (Parabathytoma) visagei Kilburn, 1973 represented as Bathytoma visagei Kilburn, 1973

File: Borsoniidae - Bathytoma cataphracta-001.JPG

References

{{Reflist}}

  • Harris G. F. & Burrows H. W. (1891). The Eocene and Oligocene beds of the Paris basin. Geologists' Association, London 129 pp.: page(s): 113
  • Wilson, B. 1994. Australian Marine Shells. Prosobranch Gastropods. Kallaroo, WA : Odyssey Publishing Vol. 2 370 pp.

External links

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Category:Extant Thanetian first appearances