Battle of Darbytown and New Market Roads
{{short description|Battle of the American Civil War}}
{{distinguish|text=the First Battle of Deep Bottom, also known as the Battle of Darbytown, on July 27–29, 1864 or the Battle of Darbytown Road on October 13, 1864 or the Battle of Fair Oaks & Darbytown Road on October 27–28, 1864}}
{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict = Battle of Darbytown and New Market Roads
| partof = the American Civil War
| image = Harper's Weekly - Battle of Darbytown Road October 7 1864.jpg
| image_size = 300
| caption =
| date = {{Start date|1864|10|7}}
| place = Henrico County, Virginia
| result = Union victory
| combatant1 = {{flagicon|USA|1863}} United States (Union)
| combatant2 = {{flagicon|CSA|1863}} CSA (Confederacy)
| commander1 = Ulysses S. Grant
David B. Birney
August V. Kautz
| commander2 = Robert E. Lee
| strength1 = X Corps
| strength2 = 2 Divisions
| casualties1 = 458
(Killed 49,
Wounded 253,
Captured or
Missing 156){{cite web|title=Number 7. Return of Casualties in the Union Forces|url=http://www.beyondthecrater.com/siege-of-petersburg-resources/official-records/volume-xlii/part-1-serial-number-87/number-7-return-of-casualties-in-the-union-forces/|work=Official Reports Part 1 (Serial Number 87) – Reports|date=17 July 2010 |publisher=The Siege of Petersburg Online|access-date=26 October 2012}}
| casualties2 = 700Kennedy, p. 438.
}}
{{Campaignbox Richmond-Petersburg Campaign}}
File:Darbytown_and_New_Market_Battlefield_Virginia.jpg.]]
The Battle of Darbytown and New Market Roads (or Johnson's Farm or Four Mile Creek) was an engagement between Union and Confederate forces during the American Civil War, which took place on October 7, 1864, in Henrico County, Virginia, as part of the Richmond-Petersburg Campaign.
Background
{{details|Richmond-Petersburg Campaign}}
The Richmond-Petersburg Campaign (June 15, 1864 – March 25, 1865) was a Union effort to capture the city of Petersburg, Virginia, from Confederate forces under the command of Confederate General Robert E. Lee. During the Battle of Chaffin's Farm, Union forces captured Fort Harrison from the Confederates on September 30. This prompted Lee to order an offensive on the right flank of the Union forces, which were under the command of Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant, on October 7.
Opposing forces
=Union=
{{further|Darbytown and New Market Roads Union Order of Battle|l1=Union order of battle}}
=Confederate=
{{further|Darbytown and New Market Roads Confederate order of battle|l1=Confederate order of battle}}
Battle
The Union defensive lines, commanded by Brig. Gen. August V. Kautz and Maj. Gen. David B. Birney, were positioned along the length of New Market Road, with further Union cavalry defending Darbytown Road.
The initial Confederate attack, commanded by Maj. Gens. Robert Hoke and Charles W. Field, was successful in dislodging the Union Cavalry from Darbytown Road. The cavalry forces routed from the field, the confederates then attacked the Union defensive lines on the New Market Road. During this attack, the Confederate Texas Brigade's commander Brig. Gen. John Gregg was killed, and the attack was repulsed. The engagement resulted with a Confederate withdrawal to Richmond and thus Union victory.
References
- Kennedy, Frances H., ed., The Civil War Battlefield Guide, 2nd ed., Houghton Mifflin Co., 1998, {{ISBN|0-395-74012-6}}.
- [https://www.womenhistoryblog.com/2009/02/mary-gregg.html John Gregg's wife], Mary Francis Garth
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20111117000216/http://www.cr.nps.gov/hps/abpp/Battles/va077.htm National Park Service battle summary]
- [https://www.nps.gov/abpp/cwsii/VirginiaBattlefieldProfiles/Darbytown%20to%20Deep%20Bottom%20I.pdf CWSAC Report Update and Resurvey:Individual Battlefield Profiles]
Notes
{{reflist}}
{{Coord|37.4576|-77.3467|display=title|type:event_region:US-VA}}
{{authority control}}
Darbytown and New Market Roads
Darbytown and New Market Roads
Darbytown and New Market Roads
Darbytown and New Market Roads