Battle of Dili
{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict = Invasion of Dili
| partof = the Indonesian invasion of East Timor
| date = 7 December 1975
| place = Dili, East Timor
| result = Indonesian victory
| combatant1 = {{IDN}}
| combatant2 = {{flagicon image|Flag of FRETILIN (East Timor).svg}} East Timor
| commander1 = {{flagdeco|Indonesia}} Soeweno
| commander2 = {{flagicon image|Flag of FRETILIN (East Timor).svg}} Paulino Gama
| strength1 = Initial invasion
~1,000
4 warships
Following weeks
10,000–20,000
| strength2 = Unknown
| casualties1 = 57 killed
| casualties2 = 122 killed
365 captured
| image =
| caption = Indonesian soldiers marching towards Dili
| image_size = 315
}}
The Indonesian invasion of Dili occurred on 7 December 1975 when Indonesian marines and paratroopers landed in the East Timorese capital of Dili. The attack was the start of a military operation which resulted in the Indonesian occupation of East Timor.
Battle
Indonesian navy vessels consisting of frigate KRI Ratulangi, corvette KRI Barakuda, destroyer escort KRI Martadinata and repair ship KRI Jaya Wijaya arrived off the coast of Dili around 02:00. Two Portuguese Navy frigate NRP Afonso de Albuquerque and corvette João Roby were also present, but the ships had covered its cannons and did not engage the Indonesians. On 03:00, city lights of Dili were turned off - which the Indonesian commander took as a sign that the ships had been discovered - and the ships shelled the city.{{cite web |title=Provokasi Di Lepas Pantai Dili |url=https://www.indomiliter.com/provokasi-di-lepas-pantai-dili/ |website=indomiliter.com |accessdate=19 October 2018 |language=id |date=18 May 2013}} The landing ship KRI Teluk Bone was also present, carrying several hundred Timorese partisans and regular Indonesian marines.{{cite book |last1=CAVR |title=Chega 1 (INDONESIA) |date=2010 |publisher=Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia |isbn=9789799102447 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EChIDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA227 |accessdate=19 October 2018 |language=id|author1-link=Commission for Reception, Truth and Reconciliation in East Timor }}
Around 04:30, 400 Indonesian marines landed in amphibious tanks and personnel carriers in Kampung Alor beach. They faced minimal resistance, and by 07:00 they had secured the surrounding areas.
The paratroopers consisted of 550 soldiers in ten Lockheed C-130 Hercules aircraft which took off from Iswahyudi Air Force Base in Madiun. They originated from Kopassus' (then Kopasandha) paratrooper command and Kostrad's 501st infantry battalion. The planes approached Dili from the east and began dropping soldiers on 05:45. One loadmaster was killed by FRETILIN fire, and 72 soldiers aborted the drop.{{cite news |last1=Hidayat |first1=Faiq |title=Cerita di balik Operasi Seroja, ada buaya dan hansip tak nyata|url=https://www.merdeka.com/peristiwa/cerita-di-balik-operasi-seroja-ada-buaya-dan-hansip-tak-nyata.html |accessdate=19 October 2018 |work=Merdeka |date=8 December 2015 |language=id}}{{cite news |last1=Fadillah |first1=Ramadhian |title=Pertempuran sengit & berdarah di Dili, Kopassus Vs Tropaz|url=https://www.merdeka.com/peristiwa/pertempuran-sengit-berdarah-di-dili-kopassus-vs-tropaz.html |accessdate=19 October 2018 |work=Merdeka |language=id}}{{cite book |last1=CAVR |title=Chega 2 (INDONESIA) |date=2010 |publisher=Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia |isbn=9789799102454 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FChIDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA889 |language=id|author1-link=Commission for Reception, Truth and Reconciliation in East Timor }} The paratroopers was shot at before they reached ground, following orders from Gama, and was exposed to friendly fire from the marines.{{cite book |last1=Weldemichael |first1=Awet Tewelde |title=Third World Colonialism and Strategies of Liberation: Eritrea and East Timor Compared |date=2013 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=9781107031234 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=T4ctMMpBfFkC&pg=PA73 |accessdate=19 October 2018 |language=en}}{{rp|73}}
File:Soeweno as Assistant for Operations to the Army Chief of Staff.jpg
After the first sortie was dropped, the planes returned to Penfui airfield in Kupang, and a second sortie comprising five planes was launched. The second wave of paratroopers, however, proceeded to fire at Indonesian soldiers moving towards Dili airfield while the marines began also fired upon them. According to official reports, the friendly fire incident resulted in no fatalities.{{cite web|language=id |title=Operasi Linud Terbesar di Dili |url=http://www.angkasa-online.com/09/05/militer/militer3.htm |website=Angkasa |accessdate=10 May 2019 |date=February 1999|url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080220005502/http://www.angkasa-online.com/09/05/militer/militer3.htm |archive-date=2008-02-20 }}
Casualties and aftermath
Following the battle, the Indonesian casualty count was 35 killed from the first sortie, and another 22 from the second sortie. On the FRETILIN side, Indonesian forces reported 122 killed and 365 captured. Three days after the battle, the city of Baucau was similarly attacked and captured.
Many Indonesian commanders complained about the inaccurate and poor-quality intelligence provided.{{cite news |last=Abdulsalam |first=Husein |date=7 December 2007 |title=Upaya Indonesia Mencaplok Timor Lorosae lewat Operasi Seroja |language=id |work=tirto.id |editor-last=Ahsan |editor-first=Ivan Aulia |url=https://tirto.id/upaya-indonesia-mencaplok-timor-lorosae-lewat-operasi-seroja-cBe1 |accessdate=19 October 2018}} The commander of the airborne task force remarked that he was informed of the enemy being "the equivalent of hansip".
Due to the invasion, Portugal broke diplomatic relations with Indonesia on the same day.{{cite journal |last1=Lawless |first1=Robert |title=The Indonesian Takeover of East Timor |journal=Asian Survey |date=1976 |volume=16 |issue=10 |pages=948–964 |doi=10.2307/2643535 |issn=0004-4687|jstor=2643535 }}
References
{{Reflist}}
Category:Battles involving Indonesia
Category:Indonesian occupation of East Timor
Category:December 1975 in Asia
{{DEFAULTSORT:Dili, Battle of}}