Battle of Măcin
{{Short description|1791 battle of the Russo-Turkish War}}
{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict = Battle of Măcin
| partof = the Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792)
| image = Карта к статье «Мачин». Военная энциклопедия Сытина (Санкт-Петербург, 1911-1915).jpg
| caption =
| date = 9 July 1791{{efn|An inaccurate date is given by Bodart — 10 July 1791.{{sfn|Bodart|1908|p=268}}}} (O.S. 28 June)
| place = Măcin, present-day Romania
|coordinates = {{coord|45|14|44|N|28|7|23|E|region:RO|display=inline,title}}
| result = Russian victory"War and Peace", Virginia Aksan, The Cambridge History of Turkey, Vol. 3, ed. Suraiya Faroqhi, (Cambridge University Press, 2006), 103.{{sfn|Bodart|1908|p=268}}
| combatant1 = 25px Russian Empire
| combatant2 = {{Flagicon image|1783 Ottoman Flag.svg|border=no}} Ottoman Empire
| commander1 = Nicholas Repnin
Mikhail Kutuzov
Grigory Volkonsky
Sergey Golitsyn
Ivan Spaeth
| commander2 = Koca Yusuf Pasha
| strength1 = 30,000[http://wars175x.narod.ru/btl_matchin.html Сражение при Мачине (современный Мэчин, Măcin, Maçin) 28 июня 1791 г.]–36,000{{sfn|Bodart|1908|p=268}}
| strength2 = 64,000{{sfn|Bodart|1908|p=268}}–80,000{{efn|"According to subsequent evidence".Петров А. Н. Вторая турецкая война в царствование императрицы Екатерины II. 1787-1791 гг. Т. II. СПб. 1880. С. 222-223
Plus up to 20,000 men arriving from Hirsova are unengaged.}}
| casualties1 = 141 killed,
300 woundedПетров А. Н. Вторая турецкая война в царствование императрицы Екатерины II. 1787-1791 гг. Т. II. СПб. 1880. С. 224
Bodart: 1,000{{sfn|Bodart|1908|p=268}}
| casualties2 = 4,000 killed, wounded, and captured{{sfn|Bodart|1908|p=268}}
35 cannons
7 small vessels
}}
{{Campaignbox Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792)}}
The Battle of Măcin{{efn| also Battle of Maçin, Battle of Machin, Battle of Matchin, Battle of Matschin, {{langx|ru|Мачинское сражение}}}}{{sfn|Bodart|1908|p=268}} took place during the Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792), fought on 9 July 1791 between the Ottoman Empire and the Russian Empire. The Russian army of 30,000 was commanded by Prince Nicholas Repnin, whereas the Turks, numbering about 80,000 men, were led by Koca Yusuf Pasha.
Battle
Nikolai Repnin drew up a bold plan of attack, which implied that, in spite of any obstacles, they should attack the Ottomans earlier than they could calculate, and earlier than they would gather all the troops of the vizier's army. These troops approached in parts and, at the same time, with a lack of unity and firmness. At the same time, Turkish attacks were decisive and daring in their execution.Петров А. Н. Вторая турецкая война в царствование императрицы Екатерины II. 1787-1791 гг. Т. II. СПб. 1880. С. 218-220
{{ill|Sergey Golitsyn|lt=Prince Golitsyn's|ru|Голицын, Сергей Фёдорович}} corps marched to the Maçin trenches – the left Ottoman flank – and seized them.
{{ill|Grigory Semyonovich Volkonsky|lt=Prince Volkonsky's|ru|Волконский, Григорий Семёнович}} middle corps entered the heights to the left and occupied the Turkish camp in the center.
Then the Turkish right-flank army was vanquished by a charge of the Russian left, under Mikhail Illarionovich Kutuzov, and started retreating in disorder. Kutuzov's stroke was conclusive.
The Ottomans, at that time, also intended to attack Golitsyn's right flank and rear from Brailov with a landing force, which Repnin had predicted, but 2 artillery batteries of {{ill|Ivan Spaeth|lt=Major General Spaeth's|ru|Шпет, Иван Иванович}} detachment, left by Repnin for such an occasion, forced the Turkish vessels to withdraw, which lost 7 pieces with the help of Volkonsky and Golitsyn reinforcements.Петров А. Н. Вторая турецкая война в царствование императрицы Екатерины II. 1787-1791 гг. Т. II. СПб. 1880. С. 221-222
Aftermath
Repnin gave his troops 2 days rest, having served a thanksgiving.
This battle hastened the signing of the Peace of Jassy, as did Ushakov's success at KaliakriaПетров А. Н. Вторая турецкая война в царствование императрицы Екатерины II. 1787-1791 гг. Т. II. СПб. 1880. С. 228 and Suvorov's success at Izmail.
Notes and references
{{notelist}}
{{reflist}}
Citations
- {{cite book | last=Bodart | first=Gaston | year=1908 | title=Militär-historisches Kriegs-Lexikon (1618-1905) | language=de | url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_A0kNAAAAYAAJ | url-access=registration | access-date=24 July 2021 | author-link=Gaston Bodart}}
{{Ottoman battles}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Macin}}
Category:Battles involving the Ottoman Empire