Bawaman Mosque
{{Short description|Former mosque in Champaner, Gujarat, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2023}}
{{Infobox religious building
| building_name = Bawaman Mosque
| image = Bawa Man's Mosque, Pavagadh.JPG
| image_upright = 1.4
| alt =
| caption =
| map_type = India Gujarat
| map_size = 250| map_relief = 1| map_caption = Location of the mosque in Gujarat
| location = Champaner, Panchmahal, Gujarat
| country = India
| coordinates = {{coord|22.4859|73.5371|type:landmark_region:IN-GJ|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| religious_affiliation = Islam {{small|(former)}}
| status = Mosque {{small|(former)}}
| functional_status = {{ubl|Abandoned;|Preserved}}
| rite =
| heritage_designation =
| funded_by = Mahmud Begada
| website =
| architect =
| architecture_type = {{nowrap|Mosque architecture}}
| architecture_style = {{ubl|Indo-Islamic|Mughal}}
| groundbreaking =
| year_completed = 15th century
| general_contractor =
| facade_direction =
| construction_cost =
| specifications =
| capacity =
| length =
| width =
| width_nave =
| height_max =
| dome_quantity = Three
| dome_height_outer =
| dome_height_inner =
| dome_dia_outer =
| dome_dia_inner =
| minaret_quantity = One
| minaret_height =
| spire_quantity =
| spire_height =
| materials = Rubble masonry
| nrhp =
| added =
| refnum =
| designated =
| module = {{Infobox historic site
| embed = yes
| designation1 = MANI | designation1_offname = Bawa Man's Mosque | designation1_type = | designation1_criteria = | designation1_date = | delisted1_date = | designation1_partof = | designation1_number = N-GJ-101 | designation1_free1name = | designation1_free1value = | designation1_free2name = | designation1_free2value = | designation1_free3name = | designation1_free3value =
| designation2 = WHS | designation2_offname = Champaner-Pavagadh Archaeological Park | designation2_type = | designation2_criteria = Cultural: (iii), (iv), (v), (vi) | designation2_date = 2004 | delisted2_date = | designation2_partof = | designation2_number = 1101 | designation2_free1name = | designation2_free1value = | designation2_free2name = | designation2_free2value = | designation2_free3name = | designation2_free3value =
}}
}}
The Bawaman Mosque, also known as the Bava Man's Masjid,{{cite web|url=http://asi.nic.in/asi_monu_whs_champaner_monuments.asp|title=World Heritage Sites - Champaner - Monuments|publisher=Archaeological Survey of India|accessdate=29 September 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120501151106/http://asi.nic.in/asi_monu_whs_champaner_monuments.asp|archive-date=1 May 2012|url-status=dead}}{{cite book|author=Mānekshāh Sorābshāh Commissariat|title=A History of Gujarat: From A. D. 1297-8 to A. D. 1573|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6lRuAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=30 September 2012|year=1938|publisher=Longmans, Green & Co., Ltd.|page=204}} is a former mosque, now a heritage site, in Champaner, western India. The mosque is a Monument of National Importance,{{Cite web |url=http://asi.nic.in/alphabetical-list-of-monuments-gujarat/ |title=List of Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains of Gujarat |work=Archaeological Survey of India |date= |access-date=2016-11-18}} and, together with other structures, is part of the Champaner-Pavagadh Archaeological Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and is among the 114 monuments there which are listed by the Baroda Heritage Trust.{{cite book|author=Bombay (India: State)|title=Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency: Kaira and Panch Maháls|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NLUBAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA308|accessdate=29 September 2012|edition=Public domain|year=1879|publisher=Government Central Press|pages=308–}} It is situated on the western side of one of the ancient city's fort gates.{{Cite web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/archive/advisory_body_evaluation/1101.pdf|format=pdf|title= Advisory Body Evaluation, Champaner-Pavagadh (India) No 1101|accessdate=24 September 2012|publisher= United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization|pages=26–29}}{{Cite web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1101 |title=United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Fact Sheet|accessdate=24 September 2012|publisher= United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization}}
History
The mosque is named after Bawaman (or Bava Man), who was revered as a saint in Baroda. Bawaman was a follower of Sadan Shah, whose tomb is enshrined within the Kalika Mata Temple at the summit of Pavagadh Hill, which is also within the Archaeological Park. The mosque was built in Champaner during the time of Mahmud Begada, as were several other mosques within the Champaner-Pavagadh Archaeological Park, including the Jama, Kevada, Lila Gumbaj Ki, and Nagina mosques, and the Ek Minar, Khajuri, and Shahar Ki mosques.{{cite book|author=Congress|title=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oxJDAAAAYAAJ|accessdate=29 September 2012|year=2003|publisher=Indian History Congress|page=342}}
While many structural elements are worn or damaged, in 1985 the Archaeological Survey of India reported that restoration work was in progress, such as the removal of dead lime concrete material from the roof, as well as the reset of loose stones in the arches.{{cite book|author=Archaeological Survey|title=Indian archaeology, a review|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N2xDAAAAYAAJ|accessdate=30 September 2012|year=1985|publisher=Archaeological Survey of India|page=198}} ASI reported in 2006 that extensive restoration works of many heritage monuments were carried out at the Bawana Mosque and also at the Jama Masjid, fort walls, Kevada Masjid, Lila Gumbaj Ki Masjid, Sikandar Shah Tomb and Sikander tomb, which resulted in a slight increase in tourist traffic to the sites. ASI had spent Rs 2.25 crores on the conservation activity in a four-year period and a further Rs 1.15 crores was allotted for more restoration works at the sites.{{Cite web|url=http://news.oneindia.in/2006/11/11/world-heritage-site-champaner-pavagadh-neglected-environmentalists-1163241246.html|title=World heritage site Champaner-Pavagadh neglected|accessdate =7 October 2012|date= 11 November 2006|publisher=News Online}} A follow-up report in 2009 described extensive conservation work subsequent to earthquake damage.{{cite book|last1=Śivānanda|first1=Vi|last2=Bhargava|first2=Atul|author3=Archaeological Survey of India|title=Champaner Pavagadh|url=https://archive.org/details/champanerpavagad00siva|accessdate=30 September 2012|year=2009|publisher=Archaeological Survey of India|isbn=978-81-904866-2-0|pages=[https://archive.org/details/champanerpavagad00siva/page/82 82]–83}}
Architecture
File:Interiors of the Bawa Man's Mosque, Pavagadh.JPG
Built on a raised platform with a high plinth, its features include a minaret which stands out above the trees, three large domes, three mihrabs on the rear wall, and three arched entrances. There are also ablution tanks close to the building.
See also
{{stack|{{portal|India|Islam|Architecture}}}}
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{commons category-inline|Bawa Man's Mosque}}
{{Mosques in India}}
Category:15th-century mosques in India
Category:Champaner-Pavagadh Archaeological Park
Category:Monuments of National Importance in Gujarat
Category:Mosque buildings with domes in India