Beglik Tash
{{Short description|Thracian sanctuary in Bulgaria}}
{{Infobox ancient site
|name = Beglik Tash
|native_name = Беглик Таш
|alternate_name =
|image = Main Begliktash BG.jpg
|alt =
|caption = A view of Beglik Tash
|map_type = Bulgaria
|map_alt = Location of Beglik Tash in Bulgaria
|map_size = 250px
|coordinates = {{coord|42|18|42|N|27|46|1|E|display=inline,title}}
|location = Primorsko, Burgas Province, Bulgaria
|region =
|type = Monument
|part_of =
|length =
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|area = {{convert|6|hectare}}
|height =
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|material =
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|abandoned =
|epochs =
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|excavations =
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|public_access = free
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}}
Beglik Tash ({{langx|bg|Беглик Таш}}, {{langx|tr|Beylik Taşı}}) is a prehistoric rock sanctuary situated on the southern Black Sea coast of Bulgaria, a few kilometers north of the city of Primorsko. It was re-used by the Thracian tribes in the Iron Age.
At the end of the 19th century, the Czech-Bulgarian historian and archaeologist Karel Škorpil produced the first scientific account of the sanctuary, which was then known as Apostol Tash.{{Cite web |url=http://www.vagabond.bg/bulgaria-travel/item/238-bulgarias-stonehenge.html |title=Minka Vazkresenska: Bulgaria's Stonehenge? in Vagabond, Bulgaria's English Monthly, 28 July 2009 |access-date=1 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818081653/http://www.vagabond.bg/bulgaria-travel/item/238-bulgarias-stonehenge.html |archive-date=18 August 2016 |url-status=dead }} In 2002, Bulgarian archaeologists started excavations under the supervision of Tsonia Drazheva.
Etymology
The meaning of Beglik Tash is probably related to the "beglik," which is the tax on sheep collected by Ottoman authorities until 1913, and a Turkish word to describe an area made of large stones, "taşlar"{{Cite web |url=http://www.vagabond.bg/bulgaria-travel/item/238-bulgarias-stonehenge.html |title=Vazkresenska: "ibid" |access-date=2016-08-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818081653/http://www.vagabond.bg/bulgaria-travel/item/238-bulgarias-stonehenge.html |archive-date=2016-08-18 |url-status=dead }} – a natural rock-formation consisting of megaliths of hardened magma that erupted from a Mesozoic era volcano.{{citation needed|date=April 2019}}
Description
Most of the megaliths have traces of carvings for the purposes of Thracian rituals. There are also the remains of a labyrinth that visitors can pass through. A Thracian sun-clock is formed from huge stones. There is also a 150-ton rock that rests on the ground in only two places, and a "womb-cave".{{citation needed|date=April 2019}}
Archaeologists have found ceramic artefacts from the Early Iron Age (10th–6th century BC), classical antiquity, and the Middle Ages, as well as a man-made stone altar at the end of the natural cave which proves that it was used as a place of worship. Every day at noon, a ray of sunlight enters the narrow entrance of the cave, and projects itself on the back of cave. According to the Bulgarian archaeologist Alexander Fol some of the Thracian womb-caves had the property of letting the sunlight in only at certain times of the day, a natural phenomenon seen by the Thracians as acts of symbolic fertilization of the Earth womb or the Mother Goddess by the sun phallus of the Sun God.{{citation needed|date=April 2019}}
The site is an open-air museum maintained by the Burgas Historical Society. It is visited annually by 40,000 tourists.[http://archaeologyinbulgaria.com/2016/03/14/ancient-thracian-shrine-beglik-tash-near-bulgarias-black-sea-resort-primorsko-attracts-over-40000-visitors-annually/ Archaeology in Bulgaria: ibid] Beglik Tash is located in the vicinity of two other Thracian sites: the city of Ranuli and the fortress of Pharmakida in the Strandzha Mountains.
Gallery
File:Beglik Tash - P1020607.JPG|A general view
File:Beglik Tash P1020638.JPG|A part of the complex
File:Begliktash BG General Plan.jpg|Begliktash BG General Plan
See also
Notes
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{commons category|Beglik Tash}}
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20120724045153/http://www.picturesofbulgaria.com/article/beglik_tash.html Pictures of Bulgaria – Beglik Tash]
- [http://www.burgasmuseums.bg/index.php?tab=arch&lang=en&page=encyc&enc=poi&eid=23 Thracian sanctuary Beglik Tash]
- [http://archaeologyinbulgaria.com/2016/03/14/ancient-thracian-shrine-beglik-tash-near-bulgarias-black-sea-resort-primorsko-attracts-over-40000-visitors-annually/ Archaeology in Bulgaria, 14 March 2016: Ancient Thrace shrine Begli Tash near Bulgaria's Black Sea resort Primorsko attracts over 40,000 visitors annually]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20160818081653/http://www.vagabond.bg/bulgaria-travel/item/238-bulgarias-stonehenge.html Minka Vazkresenska: Bulgaria's Stonehenge? in Vagabond, Bulgaria's English Monthly, 28 July 2009]
{{European megaliths}}
Category:Bulgarian Black Sea Coast
Category:Prehistoric sites in Bulgaria
Category:Buildings and structures in Burgas Province
Category:Megalithic monuments in Europe
Category:Rock formations of Bulgaria