Bellusaurus

{{Short description|Extinct species of reptile}}

{{Speciesbox

| fossil_range = Oxfordian, {{fossilrange|161}}

| image = Bellusaurus-fig1-recon.jpg

| image_caption = Skull reconstruction

| display_parents = 2

| genus = Bellusaurus

| parent_authority = Dong, 1990

| species = sui

| authority = Dong, 1990

}}

Bellusaurus (meaning "Beautiful lizard", from Vulgar Latin bellus 'beautiful' (masculine form) and Ancient Greek sauros 'lizard') was a sauropod dinosaur from the Late Jurassic (Oxfordian){{Cite journal |last1=Moore |first1=Andrew J. |last2=Mo |first2=Jinyou |last3=Clark |first3=James M. |last4=Xu |first4=Xing |date=2018-06-01 |title=Cranial anatomy of Bellusaurus sui (Dinosauria: Eusauropoda) from the Middle-Late Jurassic Shishugou Formation of northwest China and a review of sauropod cranial ontogeny |journal=PeerJ |language=en |volume=6 |pages=e4881 |doi=10.7717/peerj.4881 |pmid=29868283 |pmc=5985764 |issn=2167-8359 |doi-access=free }} known from juvenile specimens that would have measured about {{convert|4.8|m|ft}} long. Its fossils were found in Shishugou Formation rocks in the northeastern Junggar Basin in China.

Discovery and naming

File:Esqueleto de Bellusaurus.jpg

The type and only known species is Bellusaurus sui, formally described by Dong Zhiming in 1991. The remains of Bellusaurus were found in the Shishugou Formation in the northeastern Junggar Basin in China. Seventeen individuals were found in a single quarry, suggesting that a herd had been killed in a flash flood. Some features suggest they may have all been juveniles.{{cite journal|author=Dong, Z. M.|year=1990|title=On remains of the Sauropods from Kelamaili region, Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, China|journal=Vertebrata PalAsiatica|volume=28|number=1|pages=43–58|url=https://paleoglot.org/files/Dong_90.pdf}} Bellusaurus sui was derived from the Latin bellus meaning small, delicate, and beautiful, as these sauropods were small and lightly built. The specific name, sui, was named in honor of Senior Preparator Youling Sui, a notable restorer of dinosaur remains. Bellusaurus was the last restoration undertaken by Mr. Sui.

=Fossil record=

Bellusaurus sui is known from a large amount of disarticulated material of juvenile individuals. These specimens may have been only around two years old, and still rapidly growing, when they died.

Description

File:Bellusaurus-v1.jpg

File:Bellusaurus sui size.jpg

The length of Bellusaurus has been estimated to be {{convert|4.8|m|ft}}, although this is based on juvenile individuals.

Classification

Bellusaurus was originally placed in the Brachiosauridae by Dong, based on a historical classification scheme in which Brachiosauridae was used as a catch-all for sauropods with broad teeth, including taxa such as Camarasaurus, Cetiosaurus, and Euhelopus, rather than implying a close relationship with Brachiosaurus in particular. Dong established a new subfamily, Bellusaurinae, for Bellusaurus, and proposed that Pleurocoelus, another sauropod based on juvenile material, should also be classified in Bellusaurinae. More recent phylogenetic analyses have recovered Bellusaurus outside Neosauropoda or near the base of Macronaria. In 2023, a study proposed that Bellusaurus is a mamenchisaurid.

References

{{Reflist|refs=

{{cite book|author=Dong Zhiming|author-link=Dong Zhiming|year=1992|title=Dinosaurian Faunas of China|publisher=China Ocean Press, Beijing|isbn=3-540-52084-8}}

{{Cite book| publisher = Henan Science and Technology Press| isbn = 978-7-5349-6521-0| last1 = Mo| first1 = Jinyou| last2 = Xu| first2 = Xing| title = Bellusaurus sui| location = Zhengzhou| series = Topics in Chinese Dinosaur Paleontology| date = 2013}}

{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1080/14772019.2023.2171818| issn = 1477-2019| volume = 21| issue = 1| last1 = Moore| first1 = Andrew J.| last2 = Barrett| first2 = Paul M.| last3 = Upchurch| first3 = Paul| last4 = Liao| first4 = Chun-Chi| last5 = Ye| first5 = Yong| last6 = Hao| first6 = Baoqiao| last7 = Xu| first7 = Xing| title = Re-assessment of the Late Jurassic eusauropod Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum Russell and Zheng, 1993, and the evolution of exceptionally long necks in mamenchisaurids| journal = Journal of Systematic Palaeontology| date = 2023-03-15| bibcode = 2023JSPal..2171818M| s2cid = 257573094}}

}}