Benjamin Payler

His father was James Payler (b.Woodhouse 18 May 1809), a wool cloth sorter; his mother was Hannah Payler nee Spurr (Hunslet 10 March 1808 – Leeds 1852), the fourth of numerous siblings, the surviving ones being Thomas Spurr, Edward T., Ann Elizabeth a milliner (1835–1911), John a brush maker, Emily, James, Mary, Lucy, and twins Henry Thomas and Frederick; all born at Woodhouse.United Kingdom Census 1851: Leeds St Mark Woodhouse p32/371 H.O.107/2321{{Cite web|url=http://www.freebmd.org.uk/cgi/information.pl?cite=jIqm8y98GESZQBXdU3cs9g&scan=1|title=Index entry|access-date=1 September 2017|work=FreeBMD|publisher=ONS}} Deaths Jun 1852 Payler Hannah Leeds 9b 260 The 1851 census finds Benjamin living at Woodhouse Street, Leeds, aged 9 years and a scholar, born at Woodhouse Leeds.United Kingdom Census 1851: Woodhouse St Marks p33 H.O.107/2321 In the 1861 census, he is at 29/30 Woodhouse Street, with his father, stepmother Margaret (b.1818) from Bishop Thornton and siblings. At age 19 he is already described as a sculptor.United Kingdom Census 1861: Leeds north west St Marks p25/16 RG9/3389

He was apprenticed to Catherine Mawer alongside Matthew Taylor, the "gifted sculptor" of the angler's tomb in Woodhouse Cemetery.[http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000747/19050624/483/0022 Leeds Mercury, Saturday 24 June 1905 p22 col4: Notes and Queries: An angler' tomb] and the correction: [http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000747/19050701/401/0022 Leeds Mercury, Saturday 01 July 1905 p22 col4: An angler's tomb][http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000193/18560219/012/0003 Leeds Intelligencer, Tuesday 19 February 1856 p3 col3: Important decision respecting apprentice] Assuming that he completed his apprenticeship at age 21, he could have been a top sculptor from 1862; it is not known whether he continued employment with Catherine Mawer until 1871 when he began independent work.

Benjamin married Mary Jane Lassey (1844–1919){{Cite web|url=http://www.freebmd.org.uk/cgi/information.pl?cite=w88nfdEdlF9wFF5yXlDNTg&scan=1|title=Index entry|access-date=1 September 2017|work=FreeBMD|publisher=ONS}} Deaths Mar 1919 Payler Mary J. 74 Leeds 9b 865 daughter of cabinet maker Joseph Lassey,{{Cite web|url=http://www.freebmd.org.uk/cgi/information.pl?cite=NZR0tjUtboJsELrTxozRXA&scan=1|title=Index entry|access-date=1 September 2017|work=FreeBMD|publisher=ONS}}

Births Sep 1844 Lassey Mary Jane Leeds XXIII 446[http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000076/18700829/004/0002 Leeds Mercury, Monday 29 August 1870 p2 col4: Marriages] in the Brunswick Methodist Chapel, Leeds,Now demolished. See images: [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Brunswick_Chapel,_Leeds Category:Brunswick Chapel, Leeds] on 27 August 1870.{{Cite web|url=http://www.freebmd.org.uk/cgi/information.pl?cite=gClkpBYvIU7YR7DZ%2B4fWew&scan=1|title=Index entry|access-date=1 September 2017|work=FreeBMD|publisher=ONS}}

Marriages Sep 1870 Payler Benjamin and Lassey Mary Jane Leeds 9b 674 They had at least six children: Benjamin (1875–1875),{{Cite web|url=http://www.freebmd.org.uk/cgi/information.pl?cite=%2FmJH0lKCep8cvJYNfJ7Shg&scan=1|title=Index entry|access-date=1 September 2017|work=FreeBMD|publisher=ONS}} Deaths Mar 1875 Payler Benjamin 0 Leeds 9b 383 Frank Lassey (1876–1963){{Cite web|url=http://www.freebmd.org.uk/cgi/information.pl?cite=KFnRVhOBBvaiw7INdOfrFA&scan=1|title=Index entry|access-date=1 September 2017|work=FreeBMD|publisher=ONS}} Deaths Mar 1963 Payler Frank Lassey 87 Cardiff 8B 263 a bank clerk, Margaret Louise (b.1877; m.1912),{{Cite web|url=http://www.freebmd.org.uk/cgi/information.pl?cite=PVwL9Nltg1wFYUn0OS0HVQ&scan=1|title=Index entry|access-date=1 September 2017|work=FreeBMD|publisher=ONS}}

Marriages Sep 1912 Payler Margaret L. Ellis Harold S. Leeds 9b 1149 Sydney (1878–1886),{{Cite web|url=http://www.freebmd.org.uk/cgi/information.pl?cite=ZcAX7oX%2BbwSiWGSGdf1HNg&scan=1|title=Index entry|access-date=1 September 2017|work=FreeBMD|publisher=ONS}} Deaths Dec 1886 Payler Sydney 8 Leeds 9b 346 James Stanley (1880 – 24 January 1883){{Cite web|url=http://www.freebmd.org.uk/cgi/information.pl?cite=0PO4I8mrerTNZA%2FJqZtXxQ&scan=1|title=Index entry|access-date=1 September 2017|work=FreeBMD|publisher=ONS}} Deaths Mar 1883 PAYLER James Stanley 3 Leeds 9b 349[http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000336/18830127/062/0008 Leeds Times, Saturday 27 January 1883 p8 col5: Deaths] and Henry Rowland (1881 – 7 March 1885).[http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000687/18850310/158/0008 Yorkshire Post and Leeds Intelligencer, Tuesday 10 March 1885 p8 col7: Deaths] The 1871 census sees Benjamin, a sculptor and stone carver, and his wife living at 5 Woodville Terrace.United Kingdom Census 1871: Leeds north west St Marks p20 RG10 4560 In 1871 he was already advertising his services and working from his 5 Woodville Terrace address.[http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000076/18711104/015/0001 Leeds Mercury, Saturday 04 November 1871 p1 col.6: Small ads] In 1881 they and their children Frank, Sydney and James, and a domestic servant, were living at 19 Kingsham Road, Leeds; he is described as a sculptor mason, employing four men.United Kingdom Census 1881: Leeds north west, St Marks p1 RG11 4527 In 1885 they were living at 19 Bagby Street, Bagby Fields, Leeds. The 1891 census finds him at 14 Archery Place, Leeds under the name Taylor, with his wife and children.United Kingdom Census 1891: Leeds north west All Souls p4 RG12/3700 In the 1901 census Benjamin, his wife and their children Frank and Margaret, are at 7 Blandford Gardens, Leeds; Benjamin is described as a sculptor.United Kingdom Census 1901: Leeds All Souls p15/98 RG13/4231

When he died in 1907, his effects were worth £987 2s 3d, and he left them to his widow Mary Jane Payler, and his two children Frank Lassey Payler bank clerk, and Margaret Louisa Payler spinster.[https://probatesearch.service.gov.uk/Calendar#calendar Gov.uk: Probate search service]

File:Bust of Henry Richardson (7).jpg

Henry Richardson (1798 – Dodworth Grove Barnsley 1 January 1875){{Cite web|url=http://www.freebmd.org.uk/cgi/information.pl?cite=HR%2FLew9A%2BG8aShf%2BV2qU5Q&scan=1|title=Index entry|access-date=1 September 2017|work=FreeBMD|publisher=ONS}} Deaths Mar 1875 Richardson Henry 76 Barnsley 9c 115 was elected first mayor of Barnsley in 1869 and took his seat on 13 September.[http://www.visitoruk.com/Barnsley/19th-century-T450.html Visitor UK: Timeline history of Barnsley; 1869][http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0001638/18960530/171/0005 Barnsley Chronicle, etc., Saturday 30 May 1896 p5 col6: Notes and Comments] He was a West Riding of Yorkshire magistrate, and the head of Richardson, Lee, Rycroft & Co., Manchester and Barnsley linen manufacturers.[http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000250/18750109/079/0010 Sheffield Daily Telegraph, Saturday 09 January 1875 p10 col1: Deaths; and col.2: Death of first mayor of Barnsley] His Leeds Mercury obituary described him as "a gentleman who was highly esteemed for his many amiable qualities and unostentatious benevolence."[http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000076/18750109/187/0013 Leeds Mercury, Saturday 09 January 1875 p13 col5; Death of the first mayor of Barnsley]

The bust was presented to Richardson at Barnsley Corn Exchange,{{refn|The Corn Exchange burned down in 1927, and as of 2017 the bust has not been found. For purposes of identification, Richardson's head is sculpted on the facade of the Old Queens Hotel, Barnsley, and there is possibly a portrait of him in the Town Hall council chamber. The Town Hall building was as of 2017 occupied by Barnsley Museum.|group=nb}} by his linen factory employees, in token of their esteem, and in recognition of his golden wedding anniversary earlier the same year. The Yorkshire Post described it thus: "A handsome marble bust of himself, which had been executed by Mr Benjamin Payler, of Leeds, a young and rising artist. The bust was placed on a pedestal of polished granite."[http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000686/18711202/102/0005 Yorkshire Post and Leeds Intelligencer, Saturday 02 December 1871 p5 col3: Barnsley, presentation to Mr H. Richardson JP][https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0001638/18941201/119/0005 Barnsley Chronicle, etc., Saturday 01 December 1894 p5 col6: "Mention was made by Mr. Sykes"]

In 1871, the Barnsley Chronicle reported:

"The bust, which is of beautiful white marble, has been executed by Mr Benjamin Payler, of Leeds, a young artist of considerable promise, who bids fair, at no distant date, to distinguish himself as a sculptor. He is, we may state in passing, the same artist who executed the sculptures on the Queen's Hotel, bottom of Regent Street, which comprise admirable likenesses of the Mayor and Mr Richardson. The bust, which represents the head about the life size, is true to nature in its representation of the original. From whatever standpoint it may be viewed, the likeness is a perfect one, not merely the expression of the countenance, but almost every line in the features being traced with a striking fidelity to nature. The base bears the following inscription: Presented to Henry Richardson Esq., J.P., by his workpeople 1871. The pedestal, which represents the lower half of a Corinthian column, has been supplied by Mr Oxley of this town, and is formed of polished granite, the base being of white, or Aberdeen granite, and the stalk of red Peterhead granite. The height of the pedestal is about 3 feet 6 inches, and the circumference of the stalk 30 inches. As will be seen from the subjoined address it is the wish of the workpeople that when Barnsley becomes possessed of a Town Hall ... the bust should be offered to the Corporation, to be placed by them, if accepted, in some conspicuous part of the building, to remain [as a memorial of his integrity, good works and generosity. After thanking them, Richardson commented that the bust was] beautiful - it was perfect. [Looking at the bust which was] so life-like, [he added that,] there it was in marble, symbolical of the future, when that tongue which now spoke to them would speak no more. [His son Mr G.M. Richardson said that,] he really felt as if he was on the point of breaking down when that bust of his father was unveiled, the likeness was so very striking. [Mr H.M. Richardson added that,] the bust had his most unqualified approval, and expressed his conviction that Mr. Payler had a distinguished future before him as a sculptor."[http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0001638/18711202/078/0008 Barnsley Chronicle, etc., Saturday 02 December 1871 p8 col4: Presentation of a marble bust and an address to Henry Richardson, Esq., J.P., by his workpeople] (Barnsley Chronicle 2 December 1871)

As of 2017 the bust was on display in a glass case in Barnsley Town Hall, and its pedestal was in the Cannon Hall Museum.Information from Experience Barnsley Museum archives

{{Commons category-inline|Bust of Henry Richardson by Payler}}

File:Former Queens Hotel Barnsley 018.jpg

The Queens Hotel (later Queen's Court) is a Grade II listed building{{National Heritage List for England|num=1286809|desc=THE QUEENS HOTEL AND ATTACHED RAILINGS TO FRONT|grade=II|access-date=22 February 2019}} in Regent Street and Eldon Street, Bansley, South Yorkshire. It was designed by Wade & Turner and completed in 1874. Payler created the sculpted heads on the building, including portraits of Queen Victoria, and Henry Richardson, first Mayor of Barnsley. He also created the triplicate label stop heads of himself, Catherine Mawer and Old Father Time on the adjacent building. The Historic England listing description includes:

"Symmetrical facade to Regent Street: central bay and each end marked by pilasters with acanthus capitals. Central round-arched enriched portal with double, panelled door and consoles supporting heavy dentilled cornice. Carved head of Queen Victoria as keystone. C20 canopy. Round-arched ground-floor sash windows with carved-head keystones and pointed hoodmoulds. 1st-floor sash windows on decorative sill band all square-headed, the central one enriched with garlanded lions-head consoles supporting segmental pediment, with balustrade with urns."

• {{Commons category-inline|Former Queen's Hotel, Barnsley}}
• {{Commons category-inline|Carved heads on building adjacent to former Queens Hotel Barnsley}}

The Grand Theatre in Upper Briggate, Leeds, is a Grade II* listed building,{{National Heritage List for England|num=1375219|desc=GRAND THEATRE INCLUDING FORMER ASSEMBLY ROOMS|grade=II*|access-date=22 February 2019|fewer-links=yes}} designed by George Corson and his chief assistant James Robinson Watson, and opened in November 1878, having taken "thirteen months to build."[https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/BL/0000336/18781123/036/0002 Leeds Times, Saturday 23 November 1878 p2 col5-6: Opening of the Grand Theatre at Leeds] It originally consisted of a theatre and assembly rooms, with shops in between. The interiors have been much changed, especially in the 1930s. Payler executed the decoration on the stage boxes.[https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000686/18781119/103/0005 Yorkshire Post and Leeds Intelligencer, Tuesday 19 November 1878 p5 col1-4: Opening of the Grand Theatre] "The prevailing colour of the decorations (was) crimson and gold."[https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000053/18781124/020/0007 The Era, Sunday 24 November 1878 p7 col1: Opening of the "Grand" Theatre Leeds]

{{Commons category-inline|Grand Theatre, Leeds}}

Although no evidence of the authorship of this exterior stone carving has been found, it is likely that Payler carved the stone medallion portrait heads at either end of Thornton's Arcade, in the city centre of Leeds, West Yorkshire. The reasons for considering Payler's possible authorship are as follows. The carvings are not in the same theatrical style as John Wormald Appleyard's nearby wooden clock figures, or his wooden head of the Duchess of Devonshire, inside the arcade. The stone heads resemble Payler's previous work on the former Queen's Hotel, Barnsley, described above. The carvings include a portrait of Payler as a signature, and a portrait of Appleyard with a feather in his cap as an acknowledgement of achievement given from one sculptor to another by members of the Mawer Group. Payler and Appleyard ran stoneyards about fifty yards apart, in Great George Street and Cookridge Street. They sometimes worked side by side on the same building, for example in Leeds Grand Theatre, and Leeds Central Library.

The exterior at the Briggate end has a carved cornice and four male heads on the second floor. The Lands Lane entrance has two male heads over the arch.{{NHLE|num=1255837 |desc=Thornton's Arcade|accessdate=28 February 2019}} The arcade underwent restoration in 1993 and 2010.{{cite news|work=Yorkshire Post |url=https://www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/news/restoration-plan-for-city-arcade-1-2577183 |title=Restoration plan for city arcade |date=10 June 2010 |access-date=19 February 2019}}{{cite web|url=https://www.visitleeds.co.uk/thedms.aspx?dms=3&venue=2193543# |title=Thornton's Arcade |website=Visit Leeds |access-date=19 February 2019}}

• {{Commons category-inline|Thornton's Arcade stone head sculptures}}

Thorntons Arcade 9 Feb 2019 (21).JPG|Lands Lane medallion head, 1878

Thorntons Arcade 9 Feb 2019 (29).JPG|Briggate Portrait of Benjamin Payler, 1878{{refn|The inclusion of a portrait of stone carver Benjamin Payler implies that Payler contributed something to the stone carving work on this structure, although it was Appleyard who was credited for the wooden clock figures in the newspapers|group=nb}}

Thorntons Arcade 9 Feb 2019 (27).JPG|Portrait of J.W. Appleyard with a feather in his cap

File:Former School Board building Leeds 039.jpg

The former Leeds School Board building, in Calverley Street, Leeds, West Yorkshire, is a Grade II* listed building,{{National Heritage List for England|num=1255773|desc=CIVIC COURT AND ATTACHED RAILINGS|grade=II*|access-date=22 February 2019|fewer-links=yes}} designed by George Corson. The Yorkshire Post credited "Mr. B. Payler" for the carving.[http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000686/18800117/128/0004 Yorkshire Post and Leeds Intelligencer, Saturday 17 January 1880 p4 col5: Leeds School Board, new offices] The original estimate for the building was £24,000, and it was designed as a free interpretation of the Palladian style. It was opened on Thursday 29 September 1881. The Leeds Mercury said that:

"Carving has been judiciously, though not lavishly, applied in adornment, and this front, with its fluted pillars and pilasters, its Corinthian capitals and beautiful detail work, its cornices and balustrading and its lofty pavilion, is harmonious in design and treatment, and pleasant to the eye ... The windows on the ground floor are lofty and round-headed, the spandrils enriched with carving, and over each window are carved panels ... The basement is rusticated, and is built with stone from Burley in Wharfedale, the superstructure being Pool Bank stone ... Entering by the principal doorway in Calverley Street,it will be noticed that in the jambs of the archway are carved full-length figures, emblematical of the School Board work. They represent a boy and girl on their way to school. They have been carefully executed, and reflects credit on the sculptor, Mr. Matthew Taylor, of Leeds ... Mr. Benjamin Payler, stone carving."[http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000076/18810929/033/0008 Leeds Mercury, Thursday 29 September 1881 p8 col1: The new School Board offices in Leeds](Leeds Mercury 29 September 1881)

{{Commons category-inline|Leeds School Board building}}

File:Leeds City Library (2a).jpg

Leeds Central Library is a Grade II* listed building,{{National Heritage List for England|num=1255783|desc=MUNICIPAL BUILDINGS INCLUDING CITY MUSEUM, PUBLIC LIBRARY AND ATTACHED RAILINGS|grade=II*|access-date=22 February 2019|fewer-links=yes}} designed by George Corson and opened on 16 April 1884.[https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000076/18840412/003/0003 Leeds Mercury, Saturday 12 April 1884 p3 col1: Leeds Municipal Buildings] The exterior carving was executed by Matthew Taylor and Benjamin Payler.[https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000076/18840416/009/0003 Leeds Mercury, Wednesday 16 April 1884, p3 col5: Leeds Municipal Buildings]

{{Commons category-inline|Leeds Central Library, exterior carvings}}

File:St Lawrence Pudsey 003a.jpg

St Lawrence's on Church Lane, the parish church of Pudsey, West Yorkshire is a Grade II listed building. It was designed by Thomas Taylor and built in 1821–1823.{{National Heritage List for England|num=1213930|desc=CHURCH OF ST LAWRENCE|grade=II|access-date=22 February 2019|fewer-links=yes}} The restoration of 1887–1888 included the pulpit by Payler, and that was dedicated on Sunday 16 September 1888.[http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000687/18880917/107/0005 Yorkshire Post and Leeds Intelligencer, Monday 17 September 1888 p5 col6: Pudsey Parish Church, dedication of a new pulpit] In 1888 the Leeds Mercury described the pulpit thus:

"The work of constructing it was intrusted to Mr Benjamin Payler, sculptor, Great George Street, Leeds, who adopted the Early English style of architecture for his design. The base of the pulpit is of Caen stone, and is surmounted by panels with richly moulded and carved cornices, the panels being divided by six green Serpentine marble columns. The centre panel under the book rest contains a figure of St. Lawrence, the patron saint of the church, in bold relief, which stands upon the floor of the pulpit, and is supported by three red stone (Dumfries)From Locharbriggs Quarry shafts, the whole forming an imposing piece of ecclesiastical architecture."[http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000076/18880917/041/0008 Leeds Mercury, Monday 17 September 1888 p8 col7] (Leeds Mercury 17 September 1888)

The "Caen-stone octagonal pulpit with shafted marble columns" is described in the listing,{{Cite web |url=http://www.pudseyparish.org.uk/photos/l1295816745.jpg |title=Pudsey Parish: image of nave with pulpit (now removed) |access-date=2018-11-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160629140129/http://pudseyparish.org.uk/photos/l1295816745.jpg |archive-date=2016-06-29 |url-status=dead }} but all internal furnishings were removed from the nave during the 2002 reordering.[http://www.pudseyparish.org.uk/about-our-church/building-and-facilities.php#worship_space Pudsey Parish: Worship space] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170518153141/http://www.pudseyparish.org.uk/about-our-church/building-and-facilities.php#worship_space |date=2017-05-18 }} As of 2017, the present whereabouts of the pulpit is unknown to church staff

{{Commons category-inline|St Lawrence & St Paul, Pudsey}}

File:Reading desk in St Barnabas Heaton 001.jpg

St Barnabas at Ashwell Road, Heaton, West Yorkshire, is an unlisted building.[http://www.achurchnearyou.com/heaton-st-barnabas/ St Barnabas' Church, Heaton] It was designed by Mallinson & Healey, and built 1863–1864. The reredos, a "handsome reading desk of Caen stone, with pillars, of dark green marble,"[http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000629/18890706/112/0002 Bradford Daily Telegraph, Saturday 06 July 1889 p2 col6: A handsome reading desk] and pulpit in Caen stone were added in 1889 by Payler. The reredos cost £120.[http://www.hstb.co.uk/our-church/ Heaton St Barnabas Primary School: Our church] English Church Architecture describes them as follows:

"The reredos, reading desk and pulpit form a matching set of furnishings added in 1889 to the designs of Benjamin Payler of Leeds. They are made of white stone with coloured marble shafts at the sides or angles and are covered over much of their surfaces with diapering or small repeating flowers."[http://www.english-church-architecture.net/bradford/heaton/heaton.htm English Church Architecture: Heaton St Barnabas]

{{Commons category-inline|Church of St Barnabas, Heaton}}

File:Former London & Yorkshire Bank Barnsley (17).JPG

The former London and Yorkshire Bank, Church Street, Bansley, South Yorkshire, was altered in 1892 by architects Wade & Turner. Payler was entrusted with some carved work for the doorway. The carved stones arrived at Barnsley on Friday 29 October 1892. However, due to a mason's strike, Payler had to send two or three men from Leeds to fix the stones in place. They completed the work "slowly" because they could not be assisted by Barnsley men.[https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0001638/18921029/207/0008 Barnsley Chronicle, etc., Saturday 29 October 1892 p8 col6: The strike of masons in Barnsley]

{{Commons category-inline|Former London and Yorkshire Bank, Barnsley}}

• Robert Mawer
• Catherine Mawer
• Charles Mawer
• Matthew Taylor (sculptor)
• Benjamin Burstall
• Mawer and Ingle
• William Ingle

{{reflist|group=nb}}

{{Reflist|2}}

{{Commons category|Benjamin Payler}}

{{Commons category|Mawer (architectural sculptors)}}

• [http://sculpture.gla.ac.uk/view/person.php?id=msib5_1214482402 Mapping the practice and profession of sculpture: Benjamin Payler]

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Category:1841 births

Category:1907 deaths

Category:English male sculptors

Category:19th-century English male artists

Category:Mawer Group

Category:Culture in West Yorkshire

Category:History of Yorkshire