Bernhard Cinader

{{Infobox scientist

| name = Bernhard Cinader

| birth_place = Austria

| citizenship = Canadian

| fields = Immunology

| alma_mater = University of London (Lister Institute of Preventative Medicine)

| thesis_title = The interaction of some problems in tetanus toxin and antitoxin.

| thesis_url =

| thesis_year = 1948

| partner = Johanne Ratz

| children = 1 (Agatha)

| birth_date = {{birth_date|1919|03|30}}

| death_date = {{death date and age |2001|03|03|1919|03|30}}

| death_place = Toronto

| workplaces =

}}

Bernhard "Hardi" Cinader {{postnominal|Canada|OC}}{{Cite web|author1=Office of the Secretary to the Governor General|title=Mr. Bernhard Cinader|url=https://www.gg.ca/en/honours/recipients/146-14857|access-date=2021-10-04|date=June 24, 1985|website=The Governor General of Canada}} (March 30, 1919 – March 3, 2001) was a Canadian Immunologist and Professor in the Department of Immunology at the University of Toronto. {{Cite news|last=Ratz|first=Johanne|date=2001-06-06|title=Bernhard (Hardi) Cinader|language=en-CA|work=The Globe and Mail|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/incoming/bernhard-hardi-cinader/article18415228/|access-date=2021-10-04}} He was inaugural president of the Canadian Society for Immunology (1966-1969) and the International Union of Immunological Societies (1969-1974).{{Cite web|url=https://discoverarchives.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/cinader-bernhard|title=Bernhard Cinader fonds|last=|first=|date=|website=University of Toronto Archives and Records Management Services|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806223931/https://discoverarchives.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/cinader-bernhard |archive-date=2020-08-06 |access-date=}}

Scientific career

Cinader obtained his PhD from the University of London at the Lister Institute of Preventive Medicine in London, England in 1948Cinader B. The interaction of some problems in tetanus toxin and antitoxin. [Order No. U475881]. University of London, Lister Institute of Preventive Medicine (United Kingdom); 1948. and continued to conduct research there until 1958.

He was recruited to Toronto, Canada as head of the immunochemistry subdivision of the Ontario Cancer Institute in 1958.{{Cite book|last=Shorter|first=Edward|title=Partnership for Excellence: Medicine at the University ofToronto and Academic Hospitals|publisher=University of Toronto Press|year=2013|isbn=978-1442645950|location=|pages=521}} He is considered one of the founders of Immunology research in Canada.{{Cite web|url=https://www.csi-sci.ca/CSI_awards.html|title=The Bernhard Cinader Award|last=|first=|date=|website=Canadian Society for Immunology|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160321110349/http://www.csi-sci.ca/CSI_awards.html |archive-date=2016-03-21 |access-date=}}

He was founding director of the Institute of Immunology in the Department of Biochemistry at the University of Toronto.{{Cite news|url=https://immunology.utoronto.ca/history-department|title=History of the Department|last=|first=|date=|website=University of Toronto Department of Immunology|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}

Cinader was founding president (1966-1969) of the Canadian Society for Immunology.

The Canadian Society for Immunology initiated the annual Berhard Cinader Award in 1987.

Research

In England, Cinader studied the antigenic properties of tetanus,{{Cite journal|last1=Cinader|first1=B.|last2=Weitz|first2=B.|date=1950-11-04|title=Beta- and gamma-globulin tetanus antitoxin of the hyperimmune horse|journal=Nature|volume=166|issue=4227|pages=785|doi=10.1038/166785a0|issn=0028-0836|pmid=14780248|bibcode=1950Natur.166..785C|s2cid=4198721|doi-access=free}} streptolysin{{Cite journal|last1=Cinader|first1=B.|last2=Pillemer|first2=L.|date=September 1950|title=The purification and properties of streptolysin S|journal=The Journal of Experimental Medicine|volume=92|issue=3|pages=219–237|doi=10.1084/jem.92.3.219|issn=0022-1007|pmc=2136030|pmid=15436932}} and albumin{{Cite journal|last1=Cinader|first1=B.|last2=Dubert|first2=J. M.|date=October 1955|title=Acquired immune tolerance to human albumin and the response to subsequent injections of diazo human albumin|journal=British Journal of Experimental Pathology|volume=36|issue=5|pages=515–529|issn=0007-1021|pmc=2083354|pmid=13269665}} with particular interest in enzyme-antibody interactions.{{Cite journal|last=Cinader|first=B.|date=1957|title=Antibodies against enzymes|journal=Annual Review of Microbiology|volume=11|pages=371–390|doi=10.1146/annurev.mi.11.100157.002103|issn=0066-4227|pmid=13470825}}

At the Ontario Cancer Institute, his studies turned to tolerance,{{Cite journal|last1=St Rose|first1=J. E.|last2=Cinader|first2=B.|date=1967-06-01|title=The effect of tolerance on the specificity of the antibody response and on immunogenicity. Antibody response to conformationally and chemically altered antigens|journal=The Journal of Experimental Medicine|volume=125|issue=6|pages=1031–1055|doi=10.1084/jem.125.6.1031|issn=0022-1007|pmc=2138278|pmid=6067330}} complement{{Cite journal|last1=Cinader|first1=B.|last2=Dubiski|first2=S.|last3=Wardlaw|first3=A. C.|title=Inheritance and Properties of the Antigen Mu Bl and its Relation to Hæmolytic Complement|date=1965-01-02|journal=Nature|volume=205|issue=4966|pages=97–98|doi=10.1038/205097a0|issn=0028-0836|pmid=14283160|bibcode=1965Natur.205...97C|s2cid=35973970}} and aging.{{Cite journal|last=Cinader|first=B.|date=April 1983|title=Aging and the immune system|journal=Clinical Biochemistry|volume=16|issue=2|pages=121–127|doi=10.1016/s0009-9120(83)93776-1|issn=0009-9120|pmid=6349848}}

Personal life

Cinader was a patron of native Canadian art and artists.{{Cite book|last1=Cinader|first1=Bernhard|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/19554043|title=A Selection of work: contemporary Indian art, the trail from the past to the future : [exhibition], March 29-April 24, 1977.|last2=Norman Mackenzie Art Gallery|last3=Trent University|date=1977|publisher=Mackenzie Gallery, Trent University|location=Peterborough, Ontario|language=en|oclc=19554043}}

External links

References

Category:1919 births

Category:2001 deaths

Category:Canadian immunologists

Category:Academic staff of the University of Toronto

Category:Officers of the Order of Canada

Category:Austrian expatriates in England

Category:Austrian emigrants to Canada