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Bernhard Windscheid

{{Short description|German jurist (1817–1892)}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2022}}

{{Infobox person

| name = Bernhard Windscheid

| image = Bernhard Windscheid (circa 1865).jpg

| birth_name = Josef Hubert Bernhard Windscheid

| birth_date = {{Birth date|1817|06|26|df=y}}

| birth_place = Düsseldorf, Prussia

| death_date = {{Death date and age|1892|10|26|1817|06|26|df=y}}

| death_place = Leipzig, German Empire

| resting_place = Neuen Johannisfriedhof

| spouse = Charlotte Windscheid (Pochhammer)

| children = 4 (including Käthe Windscheid)

}}

Bernhard Windscheid (26 June 1817 – 26 October 1892{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Prof. Dr. jur. Josef Hubert Bernhard Windscheid|url=https://research.uni-leipzig.de/catalogus-professorum-lipsiensium/leipzig/Windscheid_1043/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201016163823/https://research.uni-leipzig.de/catalogus-professorum-lipsiensium/leipzig/Windscheid_1043/|archive-date=16 October 2020|access-date=16 October 2020|website=Catalogus Professorum Lipsiensium|language=de}}) was a German jurist and a member of the pandectistic school of law thought.

He became famous with his essay on the concept of a legal action, which sparkled a debate with {{Interlanguage link|Theodor Muther|de}} that is said to have initiated the studies of the processal law as we know it today. Windscheid's thesis established the modern German law concept of Anspruch (roughly, a legally enforceable claim), distinguishing it from the Roman law concept of actio.

His principal work was his Lehrbuch des Pandektenrechts, and this was the main source of inspiration for the German Civil Code – the BGB. Between 1873 and 1883, Windscheid was part of the commission in charge of the drafting of the German Civil Code.

Additionally, Windscheid worked as a teacher at several universities in Germany and Switzerland, including Basel, Greifswald, München, Heidelberg, and Leipzig.

Family

Bernhard Windscheid married the artist Auguste Eleanore Charlotte "Lotte" Pochhammer (1830–1918) on 4 November 1858.{{cite web|url=https://www.leipzig.de/jugend-familie-und-soziales/frauen/1000-jahre-leipzig-100-frauenportraets/detailseite-frauenportraets/projekt/windscheid-charlotte-geborene-pochhammer/|title=Windscheid, Charlotte (geborene Pochhammer)| work=Biografie|publisher=Susann Hänel i.A. Stadt Leipzig (1000 Jahre Leipzig - 100 Frauenporträts)| author=Dr. Manfred Leyh |date=2013|accessdate=27 December 2018}} Four recorded children resulted from this marriage. The eldest, Käthe Windscheid (1859–1943) achieved prominence as a women's rights activist and as a pioneer of women's education. {{Interlanguage link|Franz Windscheid|de}} (1862–1910) was also something of a pioneer in his chosen field: he was a neurologist. The younger two children, Charlotte and Margarete, were twins.{{cite web| url=https://www.leipzig.de/jugend-familie-und-soziales/frauen/1000-jahre-leipzig-100-frauenportraets/detailseite-frauenportraets/projekt/windscheid-katharina-kaethe-charlotte-friederike-auguste-dr-phil/| title=Windscheid, Katharina (Käthe) Charlotte Friederike Auguste (Dr. phil.)| work=Biografie|publisher=Susann Hänel i.A. Stadt Leipzig (1000 Jahre Leipzig - 100 Frauenporträts)|author=Gerlinde Kämmerer| date=2015| accessdate=27 December 2018}}

Published works

A full bibliography of Windscheid is provided by Felix Klein.{{Cite book|last=Klein|first=Felix|title=Bernhard Windscheid 26.6.1817–26.10.1892|series=Schriften zur Rechtsgeschichte|publisher=Duncker & Humblot|year=2014|volume=168|isbn=9783428541188|location=Berlin|pages=450–458|doi=10.3790/978-3-428-54118-8}} His major works include:

  • {{Cite book|last=Windscheid|first=Bernhard|url=http://mdz-nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb10549980-1|title=Zur Lehre des Code Napoleon von der Ungültigkeit der Rechtsgeschäfte|publisher=Verlag von Julius Buddeus|year=1847|location=Düsseldorf|language=de}}
  • {{Cite book|last=Windscheid|first=Bernhard|url=http://mdz-nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb10567268-2|title=Die Lehre des römischen Rechts von der Voraussetzung|publisher=Verlagsbuchhandlung von Julius Buddeus|year=1850|location=Düsseldorf|language=de|author-mask=2}}
  • {{Cite book|last=Windscheid|first=Bernhard|url=http://mdz-nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb10567269-2|title=Die Actio des römischen Civilrechts vom Standpunkte des heutigen Rechts|publisher=Verlagshandlung von Julius Buddeus|year=1856|location=Düsseldorf|language=de|author-mask=2}}
  • {{Cite book|last=Windscheid|first=Bernhard|url=http://mdz-nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb10567270-4|title=Die Actio: Abwehr gegen Dr. Theodor Muther|publisher=Verlagshandlung von Julius Buddeus|year=1857|location=Düsseldorf|language=de|author-mask=2}}
  • {{Cite book|last=Windscheid|first=Bernhard|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y11J9Dlio3oC|title=Zwei Fragen aus der Lehre von der Verpflichtung wegen ungerechtfertigter Bereicherung|publisher=Verlag von Alexander Edelmann|year=1878|location=Leipzig|language=de|author-mask=2}}
  • {{Cite book|last=Windscheid|first=Bernhard|url=http://mdz-nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb10623992-9|title=Lehrbuch des Pandektenrechts|publisher=Verlagsbuchhandlung von Julius Buddeus|year=1862|edition=1|volume=I|location=Düsseldorf|language=de|author-mask=2}}
  • {{Cite book|last=Windscheid|first=Bernhard|url=http://mdz-nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb10623993-5|title=Lehrbuch des Pandektenrechts|publisher=Verlagsbuchhandlung von Julius Buddeus|year=1865|edition=1|volume=II,1|location=Düsseldorf|language=de|author-mask=2}}
  • {{Cite book|last=Windscheid|first=Bernhard|url=http://mdz-nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb10566095-2|title=Lehrbuch des Pandektenrechts|publisher=Verlagsbuchhandlung von Julius Buddeus|year=1866|edition=1|volume=II,2|location=Düsseldorf|language=de|author-mask=2}}
  • {{Cite book|last=Windscheid|first=Bernhard|url=http://mdz-nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb10566100-8|title=Lehrbuch des Pandektenrechts|publisher=Verlagsbuchhandlung von Julius Buddeus|year=1870|edition=1|volume=III|location=Düsseldorf|language=de|author-mask=2}}
  • 3. ed., Düsseldorf 1870. [http://dlib-pr.mpier.mpg.de/m/kleioc/0010/exec/wrapbooks/%22214191%22 Vol. I] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200327125610/http://dlib-pr.mpier.mpg.de/m/kleioc/0010/exec/wrapbooks/%2522214191%2522 |date=27 March 2020 }}, [http://dlib-pr.mpier.mpg.de/m/kleioc/0010/exec/wrapbooks/%22214192%22 Vol. II] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200327125613/http://dlib-pr.mpier.mpg.de/m/kleioc/0010/exec/wrapbooks/%2522214192%2522 |date=27 March 2020 }} and Vol. III (in German).
  • 5. ed., Stuttgart 1879. [http://dlib-pr.mpier.mpg.de/m/kleioc/0010/exec/wrapbooks/%22243107%22 Vol. I] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200327125609/http://dlib-pr.mpier.mpg.de/m/kleioc/0010/exec/wrapbooks/%2522243107%2522 |date=27 March 2020 }}, [http://dlib-pr.mpier.mpg.de/m/kleioc/0010/exec/wrapbooks/%22243108%22 Vol. II] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200327125614/http://dlib-pr.mpier.mpg.de/m/kleioc/0010/exec/wrapbooks/%2522243108%2522 |date=27 March 2020 }} and [http://dlib-pr.mpier.mpg.de/m/kleioc/0010/exec/wrapbooks/%22243109%22 Vol. III] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200327125610/http://dlib-pr.mpier.mpg.de/m/kleioc/0010/exec/wrapbooks/%2522243109%2522 |date=27 March 2020 }} (in German).
  • 6. ed., Frankfurt 1887. [http://dlib-pr.mpier.mpg.de/m/kleioc/0010/exec/wrapbooks/%22214199%22 Vol. I] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200327125610/http://dlib-pr.mpier.mpg.de/m/kleioc/0010/exec/wrapbooks/%2522214199%2522 |date=27 March 2020 }}, [http://dlib-pr.mpier.mpg.de/m/kleioc/0010/exec/wrapbooks/%22214200%22 Vol. II] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200327125608/http://dlib-pr.mpier.mpg.de/m/kleioc/0010/exec/wrapbooks/%2522214200%2522 |date=27 March 2020 }} and [http://dlib-pr.mpier.mpg.de/m/kleioc/0010/exec/wrapbooks/%22214201%22 Vol. III] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200327125615/http://dlib-pr.mpier.mpg.de/m/kleioc/0010/exec/wrapbooks/%2522214201%2522 |date=27 March 2020 }} (in German).
  • 9. ed., Leipzig, 1906, ed. by Theodor Kipp, is the edition usually cited.
  • {{Cite book|last=Windscheid|first=Bernhard|title=Gesammelte Reden und Abhandlungen|publisher=Duncker & Humblot|year=1904|editor-last=Oertmann|editor-first=Paul|language=de|author-mask=2}}

References

{{Reflist}}

Further reading

  • {{Cite book |last=Falk |first=Ulrich |title=Ein Gelehrter wie Windscheid: Erkundungen auf den Feldern der sogenannten Begriffsjurisprudenz |publisher=Klostermann |year=1989 |isbn=978-3-465-01866-7 |series=Ius Commune Sonderheft |volume=38 |location=Frankfurt am Main |language=de}}
  • {{Cite book |last=Hamza |first=Gabor |title=Entstehung und Entwicklung der modernen Privatrechtsordnungen und die römischrechtliche Tradition |year=2009 |isbn=9789632840956 |location=Budapest |pages=193-199 |language=de}}

External links

  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20050110102250/http://wwwstud.uni-leipzig.de/~advokat/alt/95mai/wind.htm Leipzig University (German)]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Windscheid, Bernhard}}

Category:1817 births

Category:1892 deaths

Category:Academic staff of the University of Greifswald

Category:People from Düsseldorf

Category:German legal scholars

Category:Jurists from the Kingdom of Prussia