Berthold Type Foundry

File:Berthold Sweden advertisement.jpg

H. Berthold was founded in Berlin in 1858 by Hermann Berthold, initially to make machined brass printer's rule. It then moved into casting metal type particularly after 1893.{{cite journal |last1=Reynolds |first1=Dan |title=The godfather: retracing the origins of Akzidenz-Grotesk |journal=Footnotes |date=2019 |issue=3 }}{{cite web |title=Brass Rules |url=http://happydragonspress.co.uk/tips/articles/brass_rule_tips.shtml |publisher=The Happy Dragon's Press |accessdate=30 April 2020}}{{cite web |last1=Reynolds |first1=Dan |title=Note on the original design patent for Akzidenz-Grotesk |url=http://www.typeoff.de/2019/08/note-on-the-original-design-patent-for-akzidenz-grotesk/ |website=TypeOff |date=23 August 2019 |accessdate=26 November 2019}}{{cite web |last1=Reynolds |first1=Dan |title=New details about the origins of Akzidenz-Grotesk |date=11 November 2019 |url=https://klim.co.nz/blog/new-details-about-origins-akzidenz-grotesk/ |publisher=Klim Type Foundry |accessdate=26 November 2019}} The company played a key role in the introduction of major new typefaces and was a successful player in the development of typesetting machines.[http://new.myfonts.com/foundry/Berthold/?details Berthold at MyFonts] The production premises were on Wilhelmstrasse No. 1 until 1868, and then on Mehringdamm 43. In 1979 the factory moved to another location between Teltow Canal and Wiesenweg in Lichterfelde.

The H. Berthold foundry's most celebrated family of typefaces is arguably Akzidenz-Grotesk (released 1898), an early sans-serif which prefigured by half a century the release of enormously popular neo-grotesque faces such as Helvetica. In 1950, type designer Günter Gerhard Lange embarked upon a long affiliation with the company, for which he designed various original typefaces, including Concorde and Imago, and oversaw the foundry's revivals of classic faces such as Garamond, Caslon, Baskerville, and Bodoni.{{Cite magazine |date=2003 |title=Sonderheft über Günter Gerhard Lange |magazine=Typografische Monatsblätter |last=Schwemer-Scheddin |first=Yvonne |url=https://www.gglange.org/en/publications/tm-2-2003-sonderheft-ggl/ |access-date=2025-03-26 |issue=2 |trans-title=Special issue on Günter Gerhard Lange |url-access=limited |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210815161921/https://www.gglange.org/en/publications/tm-2-2003-sonderheft-ggl/ |archive-date=2021-08-15 |at=[https://www.gglange.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/TM2003_3.jpg Lebenslauf, pp.{{nbsp}}2{{ndash}}3] |language=de |format=JPG |issn=0041-4840}}

In 1996, Harvey Hunt (1949–2022) and his wife Melissa, reestablished the company as Berthold Types.{{cite news |title=Harvey Hunt Obituary |url=https://www.jacksonville.com/obituaries/p0206244 |access-date=24 December 2023 |work=Florida Times-Union |language=en}}

In 1997, Berthold Types acquired all of the copyright, trademark and design rights associated with the Berthold Exklusiv Collection. Günter Gerhard Lange, Berthold Exklusiv Collection type director during H. Berthold AG era, worked for Berthold Types Limited as an exclusive artistic consultant until his death in 2008.[http://new.myfonts.com/person/Günter_Gerhard_Lange/?details Günter Gerhard Lange at MyFonts]

Following Harvey Hunt's death, Monotype announced the acquisition of Berthold Types's inventory of typefaces (but not legal entity) in August 2022.{{cite news |title=Monotype Acquires Berthold's Renowned Typeface Inventory |url=http://www.monotype.com/company/news/monotype-acquires-bertholds-renowned-typeface-inventory |publisher=Monotype |date=2022-08-25}}

During Harvey Hunt's tenure at Berthold Types Limited, the company was accused of sending (frivolous) legal letters usually related to alleged trademark violations. This led to discussions of issues of Berthold not paying the original designers, such as Albert Boton.[http://luc.devroye.org/fonts-41980.html Berthold Types Limited]

File:Diatype typesetter.jpg

File:Diatronic plate.jpg]]

As a typefounder, Berthold had no background in producing cold type machinery until the introduction of the Diatype in 1958.

The Diatype was a relatively small desktop-sized headline-setting device (i.e. not intended for continuous justified text), based on a glass disc font master.{{cite web |last1=Hermann |first1=Ralf |title=Phototypesetting with the Berthold 'diatype' |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=76qwCF6ThLs |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211217/76qwCF6ThLs |archive-date=2021-12-17 |url-status=live|website=YouTube |date=18 April 2016 |publisher=Typography.Guru |access-date=3 May 2021}}{{cbignore}} Character selection was by means of a trigger mounted on the front of the machine (giving rise to the colloquial naming of the machine as the "duck-shooter" (in the UK at least).

When changing font, it was a notable feature of the machine that it required calibration of letter-spacing by the typing of a nonsense character sequence: "Hillimillihirtzheftpflasterentferner". Measuring the width of this 'word' at a specific font size would indicate if the character width and spacing was set correctly.

Berthold Diatronic systems were based on a glass grid master of each font weight, composed on a code-driven system. A marching-character display provided editing capabilities only to the line currently being composed.

The next incarnation of the Diatronic system was widely adopted in the high-quality ad setting trade in Europe. Its major advantage was fine control of typography thanks to continuously variable optics, allowing fractions of point sizes to be specified.

Operator feedback was by means of a green-screen CRT display showing code mnemonics only, it being left to the operator to visualise final output.

Keyboard operation was innovative, utilizing many keys with a single legend, such as , , , , etc. System operation was therefore effected by a combination of keys, such as , then to save a file.

These foundry types were produced by Berthold:{{cite book|last1=Jaspert |first1=W. Pincus |first2=W. Turner |last2=Berry |first3=A.F. |last3=Johnson |title=The Encyclopedia of Type Faces |publisher=Blandford Press Lts. |orig-date=1953 |date=1983 |edition=Enlarged 4th |isbn=0-7137-1347-X}}.

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• Akzidenz-Grotesk (1898)
• Arena (1951-1959, G. G. Lange)
• Ariston (1933-1936, Martin Wilke), cut in a light, medium, and bold.{{sfnb|Jaspert|Berry|Johnson|1983|page=363}}
• Augustea (1905-25)
• Bayer Type (1935, Herbert Bayer)
• Block (1908)
• Boulevard (1955, G. G. Lange)
• Brudi Mediaeval (1953-54, Walter Brudi)
• Caprice (1939, Martin Wilke){{sfnb|Jaspert|Berry|Johnson|1983|page=368}}
• Champion (1957, G. G. Lange)
• City (1930, Georg Trump)
• Concorde (1968, G. G. Lange), also offered for machine composition by Intertype (Berlin).
• Derby (1953, G. G. Lange)
• El Greco (1964, G. G. Lange)
• Formata (1984, 1988, Bernd Möllenstädt)
• Frank-Rühl (1908, Rafael Frank)
• Herold, a late nineteenth-century face.
• Palette (1951, Martin Wilke).{{sfnb|Jaspert|Berry|Johnson|1983|page=391}}
• Picadilly (1968, Martin Wilke) {{cite web|title= Martin Wilke |url= http://luc.devroye.org/fonts-26355.html |website=Luc Devroye|publisher=School of Computer Science, McGill University, Montreal, Canada|accessdate=1 January 2021}}
• Solemnis (1954, G. G. Lange)

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These types were produced for photo-composition by Berthold:

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• Imago (1982, G. G. Lange)

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{{Reflist|2}}

• [http://www.bertholdtypes.com/ Berthold Types Limited– Official website]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20090413051245/http://cg.scs.carleton.ca/~luc/legal.html Luc Devroye website]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20080920052150/http://www.typophile.com/node/5063 Discussion about the copyright of Berthold fonts in the forum of Typophile website]
• [http://www.sanskritweb.net/forgers/berthold.pdf Ulrich Stiehl document discussing the copyright of Berthold fonts (in German)]
• [http://www.sanskritweb.net/forgers/berthold_types.pdf Ulrich Stiehl document in English discussing the copyright of Berthold fonts]
• {{PM20|FID=co/042844|TEXT=Documents and clippings about|NAME=}}

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Category:Letterpress font foundries of Germany

Category:Cold type foundries

Category:Commercial type foundries

Category:Manufacturing companies based in Berlin