Better Luck Tomorrow

{{Infobox film

| name = Better Luck Tomorrow

| image = Better luck tomorrow poster001.jpg

| caption = Theatrical release poster

| alt =

| director = Justin Lin

| producer = {{Plainlist|

Justin Lin
Julie Asato
Ernesto Foronda}}

| writer = {{Plainlist|

Ernesto Foronda
Justin Lin
Fabian Marquez}}

| starring = {{Plainlist|

| music = {{Plainlist|

Michael Gonzales
Tobin Mori}}

| cinematography = Patrice Lucien Cochet

| editing = Justin Lin

| studio = {{Plainlist|

Hudson River Entertainment
Cherry Sky Films
Day O Productions
Trailing Johnson Productions}}

| distributor = Paramount Pictures
MTV Films

| released = {{Film date|2002|01|12|Sundance|2003|04|11|United States}}

| runtime = 95 minutes{{cite web|work= British Board of Film Classification|title=Better Luck Tomorrow|url=https://www.bbfc.co.uk/release/better-luck-tomorrow-q29sbgvjdglvbjpwwc0zmzqxota|access-date=20 April 2024}}

| country = United States

| language = English

| budget = $250,000{{cite web |work= Box Office Mojo |title= Better Luck Tomorrow |url= http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=betterlucktomorrow.htm }}

| gross = $3.8 million

}}

Better Luck Tomorrow is a 2002 American independent crime drama film directed by Justin Lin. The film is about Asian American overachievers who become bored with their lives and enter a world of petty crime and material excess. Better Luck Tomorrow{{'}}s cast include Parry Shen, Jason Tobin, Sung Kang, Roger Fan, and John Cho. The film was based loosely on the murder of Stuart Tay, a teenager from Orange County, California, by four Sunny Hills High School honor students on December 31, 1992.{{Cite news |last=Yi |first=Daniel |date=April 6, 2003 |title=They're the bad seeds? |work=Los Angeles Times |url=http://www.betterlucktomorrow.com/article.php?id=32 |url-status=dead |access-date=March 18, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060321193117/http://www.betterlucktomorrow.com/article.php?id=32 |archive-date=March 21, 2006}}

Crucial funding for the film came from MC Hammer, whom Lin had met in April 2001 at the National Association of Broadcasters convention in Las Vegas, Nevada.{{cite web |last=Lin |first=Lynda |date=2003-04-10 |title=Movie Review: "Better Luck Tomorrow" breaks stereotypes |url=http://www.betterlucktomorrow.com/article.php?id=38 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050729081156/http://www.betterlucktomorrow.com/article.php?id=38 |archive-date=2005-07-29 |access-date=December 26, 2021 |website=AsiansInAmerica.org}} "Out of desperation, I called up MC Hammer because he had read the script and liked it. Two hours later, he wired the money we needed into a bank account and saved us," Lin said.{{cite web |date=2003-05-09 |title=New movie displays original view of Asian American films |url=http://www.dailyprincetonian.com/2003/05/09/8198/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110614221536/http://www.dailyprincetonian.com/2003/05/09/8198/ |archive-date=2011-06-14 |access-date=2010-11-16 |website=The Daily Princetonian}} MC Hammer is credited as a producer of the film.{{cite web |title=MC Hammer Biography |url=http://www.sing365.com/music/lyric.nsf/MC-Hammer-Biography/4E0F2063AA089C6748256E0700170A6C |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120715115902/http://www.sing365.com/music/lyric.nsf/MC-Hammer-Biography/4E0F2063AA089C6748256E0700170A6C |archive-date=2012-07-15 |access-date=2010-11-16 |website=Sing365.com}}

Better Luck Tomorrow debuted at the 2002 Sundance Film Festival, and was subsequently acquired by MTV Films, its first acquisition. MTV Films worked with Paramount Pictures to release the film theatrically in the United States on April 11, 2003.{{cite web|url=http://blackfilm.com/20030411/reviews/betterlucktomorrow.shtml|title=better luck tomorrow|work=Blackfilm.com|first=Wilson|last=Morales|access-date=July 12, 2020}}{{Cite magazine |last=Hill |first=Logan |date=May 19, 2016 |title=Meet Justin Lin, the Most Important Blockbuster Director You've Never Heard Of |language=en-US |magazine=Wired|url=https://www.wired.com/2016/05/justin-lin-star-trek-beyond/ |access-date=2022-04-07 |issn=1059-1028}} Serving as the origin story for Han Lue, the film is part of the Fast and Furious movie series.

Plot

Ben Manibag is a stereotypical overachieving Asian American teenager in a wealthy Orange County suburb whose goals are to make his high school basketball team, get with his cheerleader crush Stephanie and to get into a prestigious Ivy League university. His perfectionism masks another side of his life, which is toilet-papering houses with his best friend Virgil and engaging in petty crime with Virgil's cousin, Han Lue.

Though Ben makes the basketball team, he ends up being mostly a benchwarmer. Through Daric Loo, senior valedictorian and president of nearly every student club, Ben gets involved in a school-wide cheat sheet operation. Daric pays Jesus, another student, to steal the tests from the school office, and Ben uses the tests to make cheat sheets which are then sold off to students. Ben brings Virgil and Han into the racket, and the four of them make a small fortune. Meanwhile, Ben finds himself competing with Steve Choe, a private school student and Stephanie's boyfriend, for Stephanie's affections. Steve discovers Ben's crush and offers to let him take Stephanie to the Winter Formal.

The group's activities gradually escalate into more dangerous crimes, such as the theft of computer parts from the school and selling drugs. They become users themselves, with Ben developing a heavy cocaine habit. Feeling increasingly conflicted by the expectations others have of him, and horrified at waking up with a nosebleed due to his cocaine use, Ben decides to quit the group. He resumes his academic pursuits and begins spending more time with Stephanie. He eventually asks her to the formal, and she accepts.

After the Winter Formal dance, Ben is lured back to his life of crime when Steve meets with Ben and tells him he has information on a possible score. The group is stunned when Steve reveals he wants them to rob his parents' house. Though Ben and Han are initially against it, Daric convinces the group this would be the perfect opportunity to teach the haughty Steve a lesson.

On New Year's Eve, the four meet Steve at Jesus's house under the pretense of robbing Steve's parents, but Daric, Virgil and Han begin attacking Steve while Ben keeps watch outside. In the ensuing struggle, Steve gets Virgil's gun, which goes off. Ben runs in, and, seeing the gun in Steve's hand, beats Steve with a baseball bat. The group convinces Jesus to bury the body in his backyard for $300. Steve begins to twitch, revealing he's still alive, but Daric suffocates Steve with a gasoline-soaked rag while a tearful Virgil holds his arms back. Afterwards, the four go to a New Year's Eve party, where Ben and Stephanie kiss at midnight.

The next day, while cleaning up the aftermath of the murder, Ben and Virgil hear Steve's phone ringing under the ground in Jesus's backyard. They dig it up and learn it was a call from Stephanie. Ben debates on whether to report Steve's murder to the police. The guilt over Steve's murder is too much for Virgil, who attempts suicide, but fails and suffers potential brain damage. Daric expresses concern about Han or Virgil reporting the murder, but Ben simply resolves to do nothing and walks away.

At the end of the film, Ben is shown alone. He encounters Stephanie one day on the way home. She asks him whether he has seen Steve lately, and expresses some concern that he has not called. They kiss, implying the resumption of their relationship. Ben's voice-over tells the audience that he has no idea about what the future holds, but all he knows is that there is no turning back.

Cast

Parry Shen as Ben Manibag, a straight-A student who commits petty crimes to express himself in other ways
Jason Tobin as Virgil Hu, Ben's friend since the fourth grade
Sung Kang as Han Lue, Virgil's cousin
Roger Fan as Daric Loo, the violent, self-centered, senior class valedictorian
John Cho as Steve Choe, Stephanie's boyfriend
Karin Anna Cheung as Stephanie Vandergosh
Jerry Mathers as the biology teacher
Ryan Cadiz as Jesus Navarro

Production

Justin Lin said that the title Better Luck Tomorrow refers to how the film explores "the whole youth culture of today, specifically Asian-American, but also just the general mentality of teenagers today. I mean, I work with teenagers, I grew up in the 80s, and already it's very different, the mentality. You go to suburbia, you look at upper-middle-class-kids, and through the media they've literally adopted an urban-gangsta-mentality."{{cite web |last=Aderer |first=Konrad |date=May 20, 2011 |title=Justin Lin: Getting Better All The Time |url=http://www.asianamericanfilm.com/archives/000029.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923175236/http://www.asianamericanfilm.com/archives/000029.html |archive-date=2015-09-23 |access-date=December 26, 2021 |website=Asian American Film}}

While writing the script, he found inspiration in his work as a youth basketball coach and teaching high school students how to make community documentaries.{{Cite web |last=Friend |first=David |date=2003-04-25 |title=Lucky Today, Better Luck Tomorrow: Justin Lin talks about Better Luck Tomorrow |url=http://www.jupiter2.com/eo/eo_exclusive/interviews/justin_lin.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041217065102/http://www.jupiter2.com/eo/eo_exclusive/interviews/justin_lin.html |archive-date=2004-12-17 |access-date=December 26, 2021 |work=Entertainment Online}}

Originally the film was going to be shot in digital-video, but within two weeks, after Fujifilm and later Kodak proposed deals with the director, the filming switched to 35 mm.

Sung Kang had originally wanted to play Ben Manibag.{{Cite podcast |url=https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/sung-kang/id1501446978?i=1000475060127 |title=Sung Kang |website=Asian Enough |publisher=Los Angeles Times |last=Yamato |first=Jen |date=May 19, 2020 |access-date=May 19, 2020 |last2=Shyong |first2=Frank}}

Lin's original investors wanted a white cast with Macaulay Culkin as the male lead if he wanted a million dollar investment for his movie.{{Cite web |last=Wong |first=Alex |date=2018-08-16 |title=How Dare You Represent Your People That Way: The Oral History of 'Better Luck Tomorrow' |url=https://www.gq.com/story/better-luck-tomorrow-oral-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180823040357/https://www.gq.com/story/better-luck-tomorrow-oral-history |archive-date=2018-08-23 |access-date=2023-04-10 |website=GQ |language=en-US}}{{Cite news |last=Ryzik |first=Melena |date=2016-02-24 |title=What It's Really Like to Work in Hollywood (*If you're not a straight white man.) |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/02/24/arts/hollywood-diversity-inclusion.html |url-status=live |access-date=2022-06-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220521080627/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/02/24/arts/hollywood-diversity-inclusion.html |archive-date=2022-05-21 |issn=0362-4331}} Lin objected and continued to fund the project with his 10 credit cards and life savings.{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr. |date=2015-06-03 |title=Justin Lin Talks Wet Cement at Chinese Theater, 'Star Trek 3,' 'True Detective' And His Foray Into Chinese Film |url=https://deadline.com/2015/06/justin-lin-star-trek-3-true-detective-hollywood-adventures-tcl-chinese-theater-1201437272/ |access-date=2023-04-10 |website=Deadline |language=en-US}} He said knowing the film "potentially could've been the last film I ever made" he wanted to make it "about issues that were very important to me."

After those funds were depleted, finishing funds equivalent to one third of the film's budget were provided by Cherry Sky Films for post-production, preparing the film to submit to Sundance, after producer Joan Huang reconnected with Lin at the LA Asian Pacific American Film Festival. Lin also brought in an additional $10,000 from artist MC Hammer, whom he had met while working at the Japanese American National Museum.

Connection to the ''Fast & Furious'' franchise

Director Justin Lin later directed multiple films in the Fast & Furious franchise, with Kang reprising his role as Han Lue. Better Luck Tomorrow was subsequently recognized as Han's origin story.{{cite magazine|url=https://ew.com/article/2016/06/16/fast-and-furious-tokyo-drift-han/|title=Fast & Furious: Tokyo Drift: Here's the story of Han|first=Will|last=Robinson|magazine=Entertainment Weekly |date=June 16, 2016}}{{cite web |last=Fuge |first=Jonathan |date=February 8, 2020 |title=#JusticeForHan Is What Brought F9 Director Justin Lin Back to the Franchise |url=https://movieweb.com/fast-and-furious-9-justice-for-han-justin-lin/ |access-date=February 9, 2020 |website=MovieWeb}}

Reception

= Critical reception {{anchor|Reception|Box office}} =

The film has an approval rating of 81% at the review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes, based on 106 reviews with an average rating of 7.03/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "A promising work by Lin, the energetic Better Luck Tomorrow is disturbing and thought-provoking."{{cite web | url = http://rottentomatoes.com/m/better_luck_tomorrow/ | title = Better Luck Tomorrow (2002) | work = Rotten Tomatoes | publisher = Fandango | access-date=2020-04-12}} On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 67 out of 100, based on 32 critics.{{cite web |url=http://www.metacritic.com/movie/better-luck-tomorrow |title=Better Luck Tomorrow Reviews |work=Metacritic | publisher = CBS Interactive|access-date=March 6, 2018}}

Peter Travers of Rolling Stone wrote "Lin is a talent to watch. There's a sting to this film that gets to you."{{Cite magazine |last=Travers |first=Peter |date=April 11, 2003 |title=Better Luck Tomorrow |magazine=Rolling Stone |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/tv-movies/tv-movie-reviews/better-luck-tomorrow-249243/ |url-status=live |access-date=October 29, 2022 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20221029041817/https://www.rollingstone.com/tv-movies/tv-movie-reviews/better-luck-tomorrow-249243/ |archive-date=October 29, 2022}} Roger Ebert in the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film a full four-star-rating and wrote that it was a "disturbing and skillfully-told parable about growing up in today's America" and that Lin "reveals himself as a skilled and sure director".{{cite news |author=Ebert |first=Roger |author-link=Roger Ebert |date=2003-04-11 |title=Better Luck Tomorrow |work=Chicago Sun-Times |url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/better-luck-tomorrow-2003}} Ebert defended the filmmakers during a screening after an audience member accused them of misrepresenting their culture and race. Ebert declared "What I find very condescending and offensive about your statement, is nobody would say to a bunch of white filmmakers, 'how could you do this to your people?'".{{cite AV media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LSzP9YV3jbc|title=Roger Ebert yelling at Sundance|website=YouTube|publisher=ianmalcm|date=May 20, 2010|access-date=November 12, 2023}} In 2018, Jane Yong Kim of The Atlantic wrote the film "[complicates] the question of Asian American representation in Hollywood in ways that still resonate deeply today".{{Cite web |last=Kim |first=Jane Yong |date=21 August 2018 |title=How Better Luck Tomorrow Argued for Its Existence, 15 Years Ago |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2018/08/how-better-luck-tomorrow-argued-for-its-existence-15-years-ago/568045/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180822013131/https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2018/08/how-better-luck-tomorrow-argued-for-its-existence-15-years-ago/568045/ |archive-date=August 22, 2018 |access-date=December 26, 2021 |website=The Atlantic}}

= Release =

Better Luck Tomorrow opened on 13 screens on April 11, 2003, earning the highest per-screen average of any in film release at the time.

Much of the film's success was attributed to grassroots campaigning by young Asian-American viewers,{{cite news |last1=Yoshino |first1=Kimi |date=April 11, 2003 |title=An E-mail push for 'Better Luck' |work=Los Angeles Times |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2003-apr-11-fi-grassroots11-story.html |url-status=live |access-date=16 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230416232802/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2003-apr-11-fi-grassroots11-story.html |archive-date=April 16, 2023}} particularly college students, who promoted the film on school campuses and online.

= Awards and film festivals =

Official Selection and Grand Jury Prize Nomination – Sundance Film Festival, 2002. In a question and answer session following a festival screening, in response to an audience member who asked director Lin if he thought it was irresponsible to portray Asian-Americans in such a negative light, Roger Ebert stood up and said, angrily, "What I find very offensive and condescending about your statement is nobody would say to a bunch of white filmmakers, 'How could you do this to your people?'". And then he continued: "This film has the right to be about these people, and Asian-Americans have the right to be whatever the hell they want to be. They do not have to 'represent' their people." Ebert's approval of the film drew the attention of major studios, leading eventually to MTV's buying the film for distribution.{{cite web |last=Downey |first=Ryan J. |date=April 3, 2003 |title='Better Luck Tomorrow' Gets People Talking About Asian-American Stereotypes |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1471010/better-luck-tomorrow-gets-ebert-screaming.jhtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220321111805/http://www.mtv.com/news/1471010/better-luck-tomorrow-gets-people-talking-about-asian-american-stereotypes/ |archive-date=March 21, 2022 |access-date=December 26, 2021 |website=MTV}}{{cite news |publisher=National Public Radio |title=Better Luck Tomorrow |url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=934065 |work=All Things Considered |date=January 23, 2003}}{{cite news |title=A Sundance success story |url=https://www.latimes.com/socal/daily-pilot/news/tn-dpt-xpm-2003-04-24-export5168-story.html |access-date=16 April 2023 |work=Los Angeles Times |date=April 24, 2003}}
Official Selection – Toronto International Film Festival, 2002. Lin said reception at the Toronto festival was notably different than Sundance with the audience more interested in discussing the state of youth rather than the race of the ethnicity of the actors. "In America, most of the time, I can't even get into talking about the issues, because they're just stuck on race," he said.
Independent Spirit Awards – John Cassavetes Award Nomination, 2004{{Cite web |title=19th Independent Spirit Awards Coverage (2004) |url=https://www.digitalhit.com/isa/19th.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031231141738/http://digitalhit.com:80/isa/19th.shtml |archive-date=December 31, 2003 |access-date=December 26, 2021 |website=Digitalhit.com}}