Bhudhaar
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2019}}
{{More citations needed|date=June 2019}}
{{Infobox project
| location = Andhra Pradesh, India
| website = http://bhudhaar.ap.gov.in/
|established={{Start date|df=yes|2018|11|20}}
}}
Bhudhaar is a e-governance project that is intended to assign an 11 digit unique number{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/naidu-launches-bhudhaar/article25551979.ece|title=Launching of Bhudhaar|date=20 November 2018|work=The Hindu}} to every land parcel in the state of Andhra Pradesh{{cite news |date=23 August 2018 |title=Land parcels in Andhra to get unique code under Bhudhaar programme |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/vijayawada/land-parcels-in-andhra-to-get-unique-code-under-bhudhaar-programme/articleshow/65520837.cms}} as part of the "land hub in E-Pragati programme".{{Cite web|url=https://nicea.nic.in/download-files.php?nid=203|title=Land Hub}} Bhudhaar is the first in India to address issues in land record management. Union Government of India also implementing Unique Land Parcel Identification Number (ULPIN) Project with the reference{{Cite web|title=NIC Concept Note on ULPIN|url=http://kashmirdivision.nic.in/WebPages/OrdersCirculars/pdf/order.05.11.2020.pdf}} from this Bhudhaar Project. Bhuseva Authority, an inter-departmental committee was formulated to implement and monitor the progress.{{Cite web|url=https://bhuseva.ap.gov.in/dashboard/stats|title=ప్రగతి సూచిక - భూసేవ|website=bhuseva.ap.gov.in|access-date=2019-02-04}} Eventually all land related transactions will use Bhudhaar as single source of truth to reduces land related disputes. On 18 February 2019, the Andhra pradesh Assembly gave its consent to the legal usage of the Bhudhaar Number in land documents.{{Cite web|url=http://legislation.aplegislature.org:9090/Bills/PassedBills/English/Eng_passbill_L_14_13_24_130_v_1.pdf|title=Bhudhaar Act}}{{Dead link|date=July 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} This project is being regularly monitored by AP CM Dashboard (CORE Dashboard) which was developed and managed by Real Time Governance Society (RTGS) in real time basis.
Necessity
{{Main|Mee bhoomi|l1=Mee Bhoomi}}
Land in the state of Andhra Pradesh is generally categorized into agricultural lands, rural properties, and urban properties (like houses, house sites, vacant lands) and forest land. These lands and their records are mainly managed by eight departments in the state. On 13 June 2015 the Revenue Department of the state launched the{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/national/ap-launches-mee-bhoomi-digital-depository-of-land-records/article7312633.ece|title=AP launches 'Mee Bhoomi' digital depository of land records|last=Sridhar|first=G. Naga|website=@businessline|date=13 June 2015 |language=en|access-date=2019-03-19}} Mee Bhoomi portal{{Cite web|url=http://www.meebhoomi.ap.gov.in/|title=MEE BHOOMI::Home|website=www.meebhoomi.ap.gov.in|access-date=2019-03-19|archive-date=14 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190814054834/https://meebhoomi.ap.gov.in/|url-status=dead}} to enable citizens and land owners to view their land records and ownership status at any time. Although people were given land records publicly, it did not solve the integration problem as each department has their own procedural guidelines in providing services to citizens which causes hardship in getting seamless and integrated services.
For instance, a property buyer has to go the corresponding municipality office to enter his name in municipal records as the new property owner. This process{{Cite web|url=https://www.prsindia.org/policy/discussion-papers/land-records-and-titles-india|title=Land Records and Titles in India|date=2018-03-01|website=PRSIndia|language=en|access-date=2019-03-15}} takes a long time and causes inefficiency in land governance.
| class="wikitable sortable"
|+Land related Departments in Andhra Pradesh and their respective functions. !Department !Function |
| Revenue
|Maintaining the agricultural land records and collection of taxes{{Cite web|url=http://ccla.ap.gov.in/CCLA/Index.aspx|title=CCLA :: CHIEF COMMISSIONER OF LAND ADMINISTRATION|website=ccla.ap.gov.in|access-date=2019-03-15|archive-date=21 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190621062428/http://ccla.ap.gov.in/CCLA/Index.aspx|url-status=dead}} |
| Panchayat Raj
|Maintaining the village lands and properties along with records, tax collections |
| Municipal Administration
|Maintaining the urban lands and properties along with records, tax collections, and land use development plans |
| Registration
|Registration of ownership changes by means of sales, gift, succession{{Cite web|url=http://registration.ap.gov.in/|title=:: IGRS ::|website=registration.ap.gov.in|access-date=2019-03-15|archive-date=21 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190621212002/http://registration.ap.gov.in/|url-status=dead}} |
| Survey & Settlements
|Maintaining the village level and field level maps along with cadastral maps |
| Forest
|Maintaining the forest lands and its records {{Cite web|url=http://www.forests.ap.gov.in/|title=A.P. Forest Department|website=www.forests.ap.gov.in|access-date=2019-03-15}} |
| Endowments
|Maintaining the endowment lands and its records |
| Wakf
|Maintaining the wakf lands and its records |
Issuing process
To create a single source of truth on land records and to manage land records efficiently, the Bhuseva Authority started the Bhudhaar program and distributed a number to each property. In this project, all land related departments are to integrate their services to the Bhuseva core platform and assign a Bhudhaar number to all properties along with built up properties when successful transactions are completed.
Land records {{Cite web|url=https://ap.meeseva.gov.in/DeptPortal/Downloads/Note%20on%20BhuSeva%20-%20Copy.pdf|title=Bhseva Hand Out|access-date=21 June 2019|archive-date=2 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211202064756/https://ap.meeseva.gov.in/DeptPortal/Downloads/Note%20on%20BhuSeva%20-%20Copy.pdf|url-status=dead}} consists two types of data. Textual data (like village name, name of land owner, survey number, extent, owner ID proofs like Aadhaar, voter ID or other related documents) and spatial data (the data depicting the sketch of the land, its measurements (in links/meters/feet), adjacent fields, location on ground). The Bhudhaar number issued in two stages.
Progress
As of 22 February 2019, nearly 53% of temporary Bhudhaar numbers were generated.{{Cite web|url=https://bhuseva.ap.gov.in/dashboard/stats|title=ప్రగతి సూచిక - భూసేవ|website=bhuseva.ap.gov.in|access-date=2019-02-22}}
| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
| rowspan="3" |Type of Land | rowspan="3" |Total Land Parcels | rowspan="3" |Registered Land Parcels | colspan="3" |Registered Land Parcels | colspan="6" |Bhudhaar Generation |
| rowspan="2" |Private Land
| rowspan="2" |Government Land | rowspan="2" |Total | style="text-align:center;" colspan="3" |Temporary Bhudhaar | colspan="2" |Permanent Bhudhar |Total |
| Number
|(%) on Total Land Parcels |(%) on Registered Land Parcels |Number |% | |
| Revenue
|23945966 |20146412 |17499234 |2474999 |19974233 |19974233 |83.41 |99.15 |0 |0 |19974233 |
| Municipal
|3202115 |467353 |451425 |92 |451517 |450671 |14.07 |96.43 |0 |0 |451517 |
| Panchayat
|8421140 |5231066 |5099956 |0 |5099956 |5099956 |60.56 |97.49 |0 |0 |5099956 |
| Total
|35569221 |25844831 |23050615 |2475091 |25525706 |25524860 | | |0 | |25525706 |
Nationwide Usage
Although the present Bhudhaar project has plans to extend nationwide,{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/bhu-seva-project-to-be-rolled-out-by-october/article22614692.ece|title='Bhu Seva' project to be rolled out by October|date=2018-02-01|work=The Hindu|access-date=2019-02-05|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}} it was missing scientific approach and harmonization in assigning unique numbers to various regions. To collect taxes and to generate revenue from different properties, each urban or local administration authorities use various assessment numbers. The state of Andhra Pradesh uses the digital door numbering program.{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Andhra-Pradesh/2018-09-22/Chandrababu-Naidu-to-inaugurate-digital-door-numbers-in-Tirupati-today/413429|title=Chandrababu Naidu to inaugurate digital door numbers in Tirupati today|date=2018-09-22|website=The Hans India|language=en|access-date=2019-02-06}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Andhra-Pradesh/2018-12-19/Survey-underway-for-assigning-Digital-Door-Numbers-/461532|title=Survey underway for assigning Digital Door Numbers|date=2018-12-19|website=The Hans India|language=en|access-date=2019-02-06}} To bridge the gap, a nationwide comprehensive system is needed. While preserving the existing assigning process, a brand new Bhudhaar numbering system with a 12 digit alphanumeric pattern can be used.
First two digits—State codes (census code for temporary bhudhaar number, vehicle registration code for permanent bhudhaar number)
Third and fourth digits—District code in the respective states
Fifth and sixth digits—Sub-district code in respective districts.
Seventh and eighth digits—Village/block/ward level code in the respective sub-district/municipality.
Last four digits—random 4 digits containing alphanumeric letters.