Binjiang Province
{{short description|Defunct province in East Asia}}
{{Infobox former subdivision
| native_name = 濱江省
| conventional_long_name = Binjiang Province
| common_name = Binjiang
| subdivision = Province
| nation = Manchukuo
| p1 = Jilin Province
| flag_p1 =
| s1 = Jiandao Province
| flag_s1 =
| s2 = Jilin Province
| flag_s2 =
| image_flag =
| image_coat =
| motto =
| anthem =
| image_map = MapofBinjiang.svg
| image_map_caption =
| capital = Harbin City
| coordinates =
| government_type =
| title_leader =
| leader1 =
| year_leader1 =
| leader2 =
| year_leader2 =
| leader3 =
| year_leader3 =
| title_deputy =
| deputy1 =
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| era =
| date_start = December 1st 1934
| year_start =
| event_end =
| date_end = August
| year_end = 1945
| stat_year1 =
| stat_area1 = 63,860
| stat_pop1 =
| today = {{Flagicon|China}} China
}}
Binjiang Province (Chinese: 濱江省) was one of the provinces of Manchukuo. Binjiang was founded on December 1, 1934 and was dissolved in August 1945.{{Cite journal|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/article/171783/pdf|title=The Problem of Sovereignty: Manchukuo, 1932-1937|journal=Positions: East Asia Cultures Critique|year=2004|volume=12|issue=2|pages=457–478|last1=Han|first1=Suk-Jung|doi=10.1215/10679847-12-2-457|s2cid=143561025}} Binjiang had a mix of Chinese, Korean, Japanese, and Russian people.{{Cite web|url=https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Distribution-of-Manchukuo-population-by-nationality-and-ethnic-group-October-1-1940_fig1_308752961|title = Figure 1. Distribution of Manchukuo population by nationality and}} Binjiang was created when the old Jilin Province was split into the Binjiang Province and Jiandao Province, and Jilin Province. In 1937 Binjiang Province was split into the Binjiang Province and Mudanjiang Province.
1934
Binjiang Province was created in 1934, from the old Jillin province. In this year, many Japanese people moved to the area but during it, many human rights abuses happened.LTC David M. Glantz, "August Storm: The Soviet 1945 Strategic Offensive in Manchuria" Archived 2011-07-23 at the Wayback Machine. Leavenworth Papers No. 7, Combat Studies Institute, February 1983, Fort Leavenworth Kansas.{{cite web | url=https://www.chinainsight.info/culture/chinese/431-chinas-ethnic-minorities.html?tmpl=component&type=raw | title=China Insight | date=13 August 2023 }}
1937
Binjiang was split into the Binjiang and the Mudanjiang Province.
1945
The Soviet invasion of Manchuria happened in 1945,LTC David M. Glantz, "August Storm: The Soviet 1945 Strategic Offensive in Manchuria". Leavenworth Papers No. 7, Combat Studies Institute, February 1983, Fort Leavenworth Kansas. Binjiang was also affected by it, and when Manchukuo and Japan surrendered, Binjiang was also officially dissolved.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fDCsD-1zitUC&pg=PA59|title = Ethnicity in Asia|year = 2003|isbn = 9780415258166| last1=MacKerras | first1=Colin | publisher=Psychology Press }}
Administrative divisions
Before the fall of Manchukuo, Binjiang Province had 1 city, 16 counties, and 1 banner:
Governors
Unless otherwise specified, according to sources.
- Lu Ronghuan : December 1, 1934 – May 21, 1935
- Han Yunjie : May 21, 1935 – May 25, 1935
- Yan Niansu : May 25, 1935 – July 1, 1937
- Shi Luben : July 1, 1937 – January 17, 1938
- Wei Huanzhang : February 10, 1938 – May 16, 1940
- Yu Jingtao : May 16, 1940 – April 20, 1943
- Wang Ziheng : April 20, 1943- (End of War) Ikuhiko Hata, "Institutions, Organizations, and Personnel of World Countries: 1840-2000", University of Tokyo Press, 2001
Legacy
Binjiang was one of the many provinces in Manchukuo with any human right abuses and genocide, causing this province to have a negative light in history by many, a small part of the reason of Chinese hatred of Japan{{cite web |url=http://www.globescan.com/images/images/pressreleases/bbc2017_country_ratings/BBC2017_Country_Ratings_Poll.pdf |title=Archived copy |website=www.globescan.com |access-date=13 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170730112140/http://www.globescan.com/images/images/pressreleases/bbc2017_country_ratings/BBC2017_Country_Ratings_Poll.pdf |archive-date=30 July 2017 |url-status=dead}}