Bishop of Exeter

File:England diocese map post 950.svg

Roman episcopal organization survived the fall of the Roman Empire in south-western Britain, which became the British kingdom of Dumnonia. In about 700, Aldhelm, abbot of Malmesbury wrote a letter to King Geraint of Dumnonia and his bishops.{{cite book|first=Thomas|last=Pickles |editor-first=Pauline|editor-last=Stafford|title=A Companion to the Early Middle Ages: Britain and Ireland c. 500–c. 1100 |chapter=Church Organization and Pastoral Care|page=164|publisher=Wiley-Blackwell|year=2013|isbn=978-1-118-42513-8}} However, by this time eastern Devon had been conquered by the Anglo-Saxons and was part of the diocese of Bishop of Winchester, covering the whole of Wessex. In around 705 The diocese was divided in two and Aldhelm was appointed the first Bishop of Sherborne, covering eastern Devon. Over the next two centuries western Devon was conquered.{{cite book|first=Barbara|last=Yorke |authorlink= Barbara Yorke |title= Wessex in the Early Middle Ages|pages=60, 85, 95|publisher= Leicester University Press|location =London, UK |year=1995|isbn=978-0-7185-1856-1 }}

In about 909 the diocese of Sherborne was divided and the Diocese of Crediton was created to cover Devon and Cornwall.[http://www.creditonfestival2009.co.uk/index.html Crediton Festival 2009] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090521105012/http://www.creditonfestival2009.co.uk/index.html |date=21 May 2009 }}. Retrieved on 5 June 2008. Crediton was chosen as the site for its cathedral possibly due it having been the birthplace of Saint Boniface and the existence of a monastery there.[http://genuki.cs.ncl.ac.uk/DEV/Exeter/ExeterHist1850/Ecclesiastical.html Exeter: Ecclesiastical History] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061001233108/http://genuki.cs.ncl.ac.uk/DEV/Exeter/ExeterHist1850/Ecclesiastical.html |date=1 October 2006 }}. Retrieved on 5 June 2008.

In 1046, Leofric became the Bishop of Crediton. Following his appointment he decided that the see should be moved to the larger and more culturally significant and defensible walled town of Exeter. In 1050, King Edward the Confessor authorised that Exeter was to be the seat of the bishop for Devon and Cornwall and that a cathedral was to be built there for the bishop's throne. Thus, Leofric became the last diocesan Bishop of Crediton and the first Bishop of Exeter.

The two dioceses of Crediton and Cornwall, covering Devon and Cornwall, were permanently united under Edward the Confessor by Lyfing's successor Leofric, hitherto Bishop of Crediton, who became first Bishop of Exeter under Edward the Confessor, which was established as his cathedral city in 1050. At first the Abbey Church of St Mary and St Peter, founded by Athelstan in 932, rebuilt in 1019, etc., finally demolished 1971, served as the cathedral.

The bishop of Exeter signs his name as his Christian name or forename followed by Exon., abbreviated from the Latin Episcopus Exoniensis ("Bishop of Exeter").

{{main article|Exeter Cathedral}}

File:South Tower of Exeter Cathedral.jpg

The present cathedral was begun by William de Warelhurst in 1112, the transept towers he built being the only surviving part of the Norman building, which was completed by Marshall at the close of the twelfth century. The cathedral is dedicated to St Peter.

As it now stands, the cathedral is in the decorated style. It was begun by Peter Quinel (1280–1291), continued by Bytton and Stapeldon, and completed, much as it has since remained, by John Grandisson during his long tenure of 42 years.

In many respects Exeter cathedral resembles those of France rather than others found in England. Its special features are the transept towers and the choir, containing much early stained glass. There is also an episcopal throne, separated from the nave by a choir screen (1324) and a stately West front. In a comparison with certain other English cathedrals, it is perhaps disadvantaged by the absence of a central tower and a general lack of elevation, but it is undoubtedly very fine.

The bishops of Exeter, like the general population of the diocese, always enjoyed considerable independence, and the see was one of the largest and richest in England. The remoteness of the see from London prevented it from being bestowed on statesmen or courtiers, so that over the centuries the roll of bishops possessed more capable scholars and administrators than in many other sees. The result was a long and stable line of bishops, leading to active Christian observance in the area.

The diocese contained 604 parishes grouped in four archdeaconries: Cornwall, Barnstaple, Exeter, and Totnes. There were Benedictine, Augustinian, Premonstratensian, Franciscan and Dominican religious houses, and four Cistercian abbeys.

This wealthy diocese was forced to cede land during the reign of Henry VIII, when Vesey was obliged to surrender fourteen of twenty-two manors, and the value of the see was reduced to a third of what it had been. Vesey, despite his Catholic sympathies, held the see until 1551, when he finally had to resign, and was replaced by the Bible translator Miles Coverdale. Following the accession of Mary, in 1553, Vesey was restored, but died soon after in 1554. He was succeeded by James Turberville, the last Catholic Bishop of Exeter. Turberville was removed from the see by the Reformist Elizabeth I in 1559, and died in prison, probably in or about 1570.

Henry Phillpotts served as Bishop of Exeter from 1830 to his death in office in 1869. He was England's longest serving bishop since the 14th century. The diocese was divided in 1876 along the border of Devon and Cornwall, creating the Diocese of Truro (but five parishes which were at the time in Devon were included in this diocese as they had always been within the Archdeaconry of Cornwall). The diocese covers the County of Devon. The see is in the City of Exeter where the seat is located at the Cathedral Church of Saint Peter which was founded as an abbey possibly before 690. The current incumbent is Mike Harrison.{{cite press release|title=Appointment of Bishop of Exeter: 4 June 2024|publisher=Prime Minister's Office|date=4 June 2024|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/appointment-of-bishop-of-exeter-4-june-2024|access-date=18 August 2024}}

Among those who have served as assistant bishops of the diocese have been:

• mid-1860s: James Chapman, Rector of Wootton Courtenay and former Bishop of Colombo{{Church Times | title = Church News | archive = 1864_12_31_419 | issue = 100 | date = 31 December 1864 | page = 419 | accessed = 26 December 2019 }}{{Church Times | title = Consecration of St Peter's Church, Newlyn, Penzance | archive = 1866_06_02_175 | issue = 174 | date = 2 June 1866 | page = 175 | accessed = 26 December 2019 }}{{Church Times | title = Church News | archive = 1867_09_28_337 | issue = 243 | date = 28 September 1867 | page = 337 | accessed = 26 December 2019 }}
• 1900{{snd}}1918 (d.): Alfred Earle, Dean of Exeter, remained Bishop of Marlborough despite resigning its duties as suffragan for West London
• While he was Rector of Down St Mary (1897–1903), Kestell Kestell-Cornish, retired Bishop of Madagascar, sometimes assisted the bishop{{Church Times | title = Clerical obituary | archive = 1909_03_12_332 | issue = 2407 | date = 12 March 1909 | page = 332 | accessed = 14 March 2020 }}
• 1947{{snd}}1952 (ret.): Rocksborough Smith, Rector of Lapford and former Bishop of Algoma{{Who's Who |id=U243112 |title=Smith, Rocksborough Remington}}

• Bishop of Cornwall

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• Some text adapted from Catholic Encyclopaedia, 1908.

{{Bishops of Exeter}}

{{Diocese of Exeter}}

{{Anglican Bishops & Archbishops - Great Britain}}

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Category:Diocese of Exeter

Exeter

Bishops of Exeter

Category:Christianity in Devon

Category:Christianity in Cornwall