Bismuth silicon oxide

{{chembox

| Watchedfields = changed

| verifiedrevid = 424661272

| Name = Bismuth silicon oxide

| ImageFile = Bi12SiO20 crystal.jpg

| ImageSize=

| ImageCaption=Bi₁₂SiO₂₀ crystal{{cite journal|doi=10.3390/cryst4020141|title=Orientation and Temperature Dependence of Piezoelectric Properties for Sillenite-Type Bi₁₂TiO₂₀ and Bi₁₂SiO₂₀ Single Crystals|journal=Crystals|volume=4|issue=2|pages=141|year=2014|last1=Shen|first1=Chuanying|last2=Zhang|first2=Huaijin|last3=Zhang|first3=Yuanyuan|last4=Xu|first4=Honghao|last5=Yu|first5=Haohai|last6=Wang|first6=Jiyang|last7=Zhang|first7=Shujun|doi-access=free}}

| ImageFile2 = Bi12TiO20 structure.png

| ImageCaption2=Bi₁₂SiO₂₀ crystal structure

| ImageSize2=230px

| OtherNames =sillénite

|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers

| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}

| CASNo = 12377-72-9

| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}

| ChemSpiderID = 23354126

| DTXSID = DTXSID201014301

| PubChem = 73555496

| RTECS =

| EC_number = 235-620-2

| StdInChI=1S/12Bi.O4Si.16O/c;;;;;;;;;;;;1-5(2,3)4;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;/q12*+3;-4;16*-2

| StdInChIKey = JLXRQKOSFUIFEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N

| SMILES = [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-] [Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[Bi+3].[Bi+3].[Bi+3].[Bi+3].[Bi+3].[Bi+3].[Bi+3].[Bi+3].[Bi+3].[Bi+3].[Bi+3].[Bi+3]

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|Section2={{Chembox Properties

| Formula = Bi₁₂SiO₂₀

| MolarMass = 2855.82

| Appearance =

| Odor = odorless

| BandGap =

| Density = 9.20 g/cm³{{cite journal|doi=10.1063/1.353938|title=Growth and characterization of Bi₁₂(Si_1−xTi_x)O₂₀ mixed crystals|journal=Journal of Applied Physics|volume=73|issue=11|pages=7872|year=1993|last1=Yeh|first1=T. S.|last2=Hu|first2=L. J.|last3=Tu|first3=S. L.|last4=Yang|first4=S. J.|last5=Hsu|first5=S. E.|last6=Hsu|first6=Ken|bibcode=1993JAP....73.7872Y|doi-access=free}}

| Solubility = insoluble

| SolubleOther =

| MeltingPt = 800 °C{{cite journal|doi=10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.11.038|title=Synthesis, crystal growth and mechanical properties of Bismuth Silicon Oxide (BSO) single crystal|journal=Journal of Alloys and Compounds|volume=588|pages=242–247|year=2014|last1=Riscob|first1=B.|last2=Shkir|first2=Mohd.|last3=Ganesh|first3=V.|last4=Vijayan|first4=N.|last5=Maurya|first5=K.K.|last6=Kishan Rao|first6=K.|last7=Bhagavannarayana|first7=G.}}

| MeltingPt_notes =

| BoilingPt =

| RefractIndex=

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|Section3={{Chembox Structure

| CrystalStruct = Body-centered cubic, cI66

| SpaceGroup = I23, No. 197

}}

}}

Bismuth silicon oxide is a solid inorganic compound of bismuth, silicon and oxygen. Its most common chemical formula is Bi₁₂SiO₂₀, though other compositions are also known. It occurs naturally as the mineral sillénite and can be produced synthetically, by heating a mixture of bismuth and silicon oxides. Centimeter-sized single crystals of Bi₁₂SiO₂₀ can be grown by the Czochralski process from the molten phase. They exhibit piezoelectric, electro-optic, elasto-optic, photorefractive{{Cite web|url=https://4lasers.com/en/components/crystals/photorefractive-crystals|title = Photorefractive crystals | 4Lasers}} and photoconductive properties, and therefore have potential applications in spatial light modulators, acoustic delay lines and hologram recording equipment. Bi₁₂SiO₂₀ can be obtained as a whitish powder with band gap of approximately 3.2 eV starting from bismuth subcarbonate and silica in presence of ethyleneglycol.

{{cite journal

| title = Bismuth Oxide Nanoparticles Partially Substituted with Eu^III, Mn^IV, and Si^IV: Structural, Spectroscopic, and Optical Findings

| vauthors= Ortiz-Quiñonez JL, Zumeta-Dubé I , Díaz D, Nava-Etzana N, Cruz-Zaragoza E

| journal =Inorg. Chem.

| year = 2017

| pages = 3394–3403

| doi = 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02923

| pmid = 28252972

| volume = 56

| issue= 6

| s2cid= 3346966

}} ²⁹Si solid-state NMR is used to proof that the Si(IV) cations are sharing oxygen atoms with the Bi(III) cations. The ²⁹Si chemical shift (δ) in Bi₁₂SiO₂₀ is −78.1 ppm. Unlike the bismuth oxide, the presence of the acidic Si(IV) cations avoid the reactivity with CO₂.

Another bismuth silicate has formula Bi₂O₉Si₃.{{cite web|title=bismuth silicate|url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/129628345|website=pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov|language=en}}