Bitopological space

{{Short description|Set endowed with two topologies}}

In mathematics, a bitopological space is a set endowed with two topologies. Typically, if the set is X and the topologies are \sigma and \tau then the bitopological space is referred to as (X,\sigma,\tau). The notion was introduced by J. C. Kelly in the study of quasimetrics, i.e. distance functions that are not required to be symmetric.

Continuity

A map \scriptstyle f:X\to X' from a bitopological space \scriptstyle (X,\tau_1,\tau_2) to another bitopological space \scriptstyle (X',\tau_1',\tau_2') is called continuous or sometimes pairwise continuous if \scriptstyle f is continuous both as a map from \scriptstyle (X,\tau_1) to \scriptstyle (X',\tau_1') and as map from \scriptstyle (X,\tau_2) to \scriptstyle (X',\tau_2').

Bitopological variants of topological properties

Corresponding to well-known properties of topological spaces, there are versions for bitopological spaces.

  • A bitopological space \scriptstyle (X,\tau_1,\tau_2) is pairwise compact if each cover \scriptstyle \{U_i\mid i\in I\} of \scriptstyle X with \scriptstyle U_i\in \tau_1\cup\tau_2, contains a finite subcover. In this case, \scriptstyle \{U_i\mid i\in I\} must contain at least one member from \tau_1 and at least one member from \tau_2
  • A bitopological space \scriptstyle (X,\tau_1,\tau_2) is pairwise Hausdorff if for any two distinct points \scriptstyle x,y\in X there exist disjoint \scriptstyle U_1\in \tau_1 and \scriptstyle U_2\in\tau_2 with \scriptstyle x\in U_1 and \scriptstyle y\in U_2.
  • A bitopological space \scriptstyle (X,\tau_1,\tau_2) is pairwise zero-dimensional if opens in \scriptstyle (X,\tau_1) that are closed in \scriptstyle (X,\tau_2) form a basis for \scriptstyle (X,\tau_1), and opens in \scriptstyle (X,\tau_2) that are closed in \scriptstyle (X,\tau_1) form a basis for \scriptstyle (X,\tau_2).
  • A bitopological space \scriptstyle (X,\sigma,\tau) is called binormal if for every \scriptstyle F_\sigma \scriptstyle \sigma-closed and \scriptstyle F_\tau \scriptstyle \tau-closed sets there are \scriptstyle G_\sigma \scriptstyle \sigma-open and \scriptstyle G_\tau \scriptstyle \tau-open sets such that \scriptstyle F_\sigma\subseteq G_\tau \scriptstyle F_\tau\subseteq G_\sigma, and \scriptstyle G_\sigma\cap G_\tau= \empty.

Notes

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References

  • Kelly, J. C. (1963). Bitopological spaces. Proc. London Math. Soc., 13(3) 71–89.
  • Reilly, I. L. (1972). On bitopological separation properties. Nanta Math., (2) 14–25.
  • Reilly, I. L. (1973). Zero dimensional bitopological spaces. Indag. Math., (35) 127–131.
  • Salbany, S. (1974). Bitopological spaces, compactifications and completions. Department of Mathematics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town.
  • Kopperman, R. (1995). Asymmetry and duality in topology. Topology Appl., 66(1) 1--39.
  • Fletcher. P, Hoyle H.B. III, and Patty C.W. (1969). The comparison of topologies. Duke Math. J.,36(2) 325–331.
  • Dochviri, I., Noiri T. (2015). On some properties of stable bitopological spaces. Topol. Proc., 45 111–119.

Category:Topology

Category:Topological spaces