Black Strap Molasses
{{short description|1951 novelty song by Carmine Ennis and Marilou Harrington}}
{{About| the song| the by-product of sugar cane refining| blackstrap molasses}}
{{Infobox song
| name = Black Strap Molasses
| cover =
| alt =
| type = single
| artist = Danny Kaye, Jimmy Durante, Jane Wyman, and Groucho Marx
| album =
| A-side = How D' Ye Do and Shake Hands (from the film Alice in Wonderland)
| released = {{Start date|1951|08}}
| recorded = {{Start date|1951|08|12}}, with chorus and orchestra directed by Sonny Burke
| studio =
| venue =
| genre = Popular{{cite magazine|title=This Week's Best Sellers|magazine=Billboard|date=29 September 1951|page=25|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3UQEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA25}}
| length = {{Duration|m=02|s=39}}
| label = Decca Records
| writer = Carmine Ennis, Marilou Harrington
| producer =
| prev_title =
| prev_year =
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}}
Black Strap Molasses is a novelty song by Carmine Ennis and Marilou Harrington, released in August 1951.{{cite book | last=Yahn | first=M. A. | title=The Music of the Marx Brothers: A Bio-discography of the Works of Groucho, Harpo, Chico, Gummo, and Zeppo Marx | publisher=PublishAmerica | year=2007 | isbn=978-1-4241-6971-9 | page=25}}{{cite book | last=Lonergan | first=D.F. | title=Hit Records, 1950–1975 | publisher=Scarecrow Press | year=2005 | isbn=978-0-8108-5129-0 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NP6OdDrutyAC&pg=PR5| page=5}} It was recorded by the movie stars Groucho Marx, Jimmy Durante, Jane Wyman, and Danny Kaye, with chorus and orchestra directed by Sonny Burke. The song was a popular success, reaching number 29 on the Billboard charts, but was banned from some radio networks because it was perceived as promoting commercial products.
Song
The song was recorded for Decca Records on August 12, 1951.{{cite book | last=Ruppli | first=M. | title=The Decca Labels: The California sessions | publisher=Greenwood Press | year=1996 | isbn=978-0-313-29984-1 | url=https://archive.org/details/deccalabelsdisco04rupp | url-access=registration |page=[https://archive.org/details/deccalabelsdisco04rupp/page/425 425]}}{{Cite AV media notes| title= Danny Kaye! Original 1941–1952 Recordings | year = 2004 | url =http://www.musicweb-international.com/nostalgia/2004/Jan04/Danny_Kaye.htm| last = Parry-Jones | first = Gwyn | type = Liner notes| publisher = Naxos Nostalgia | id =8.120775 }} It was sung by a "who's who" of show business at the time: Danny Kaye, Jimmy Durante, Jane Wyman, and Groucho Marx.{{cite magazine|last1=|title=Decca Quartet Meets Victor With Own 'Who's Who'|magazine=Billboard|date=25 August 1951|page=14|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UEUEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA14}} The vocalists were accompanied by a chorus and orchestra directed by arranger and producer Sonny Burke.{{cite book | last=Bakish | first=D. | title=Jimmy Durante: His Show Business Career, with an Annotated Filmography and Discography | publisher=McFarland | year=1995 | isbn=978-0-89950-968-6 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=McVxRCJEbPcC&pg=PA238 | page=238}}{{cite book | last1=Morella | first1=J. | last2=Epstein | first2=E.Z. | title=Jane Wyman | publisher=Dell Publishing | year=1986 | isbn=978-0-440-14221-8 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=k1ey9OQP6FQC |page=210}}
The song's lyrics discuss popular health foods of the time. The verses make "absurd" claims about the supposed benefits of these foods,{{cite book | last=Fleck | first=H.C. | title=Toward Better Teaching of Home Economics | publisher=Macmillan | year=1968 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6Bg8AAAAIAAJ | page=195| isbn=9780023382901 }} and the chorus runs:
{{quote|Black strap molasses and the wheat germ bread
Makes you live so long you wish you were dead
You add a little yogurt and you'll be well fed
On the black strap molasses and the wheat germ bread.{{cite book | last=Meredith | first=L. | title=Life Before Death: A Spiritual Journey of Mind and Body | publisher=Green Dragon Publishing Group | year=2000 | isbn=978-0-89334-704-8 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b8-XBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT111| page=111}}}}
One contemporary review interpreted the lyrics as referring specifically to the "Live Longer" diet advocated by nutritionist Gayelord Hauser. Hauser, labeled a "quack" by the American Medical Association, gained widespread popularity in the mid-twentieth century promoting "wonder foods" including blackstrap molasses, wheat germ, and yogurt, as well as brewer's yeast and powdered milk.{{cite journal | last=Carstairs | first=Catherine | title='Look Younger, Live Longer': Ageing Beautifully with Gayelord Hauser in America, 1920–1975 | journal=Gender & History | volume=26 | issue=2 | year=2014 | pages=332–350| doi=10.1111/1468-0424.12072 | s2cid=142807327 }} He was known as a nutrition guru to many Hollywood celebrities.
Release and reception
The version of Black Strap Molasses featuring Wyman, Durante, Marx, and Kaye was released in August 1951. It was released as the B-side of a single, along with a recording of "How D' Ye Do and Shake Hands", from Disney's then-recent film Alice in Wonderland, sung by the same "all-star" cast.{{cite magazine|last1=|title=Record Reviews|magazine=Billboard|date=1 September 1951|page=32|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cEUEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA32}} As part of a promotion campaign for the single, Decca Records partnered with Balanced Foods, Inc., a company associated with Hauser's diets, to provide DJs and record distributors with pint bottles of blackstrap molasses and loaves of wheat germ bread. Black Strap Molasses was catalogued in 78rpm record format as Decca 27748, and in 45rpm format as Decca 9-27748.
The song was a hit in the US,{{cite book | last=Larkin | first=C. | title=The Virgin Encyclopedia of Fifties Music | publisher=Virgin Books | year=2002 | isbn=978-1-85227-937-0 | page=227}} reaching number 29 on the overall Billboard charts on September 22, 1951.{{cite book | last=Davies | first=C. | title=British and American hit singles: 51 years of transatlantic hits, 1946–1997 | publisher=BT Batsford | year=1998 | page=1986}}{{cite magazine|last1=|title=The Billboard Music Popularity Charts|magazine=Billboard|date=29 September 1951|page=38|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3UQEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA38}} Billboard magazine's staff review called it "catchy" and a "sock performance", giving it an aggregated rating of "excellent". Film writer Allan Eyles wrote that the song represented Marx's "greatest success as a singer".{{cite book | last=Eyles | first=A. | title=The Complete Films of the Marx Brothers | publisher=Carol Publishing Group | year=1992 | isbn=978-0-8065-1301-0}}
The song was banned by some radio networks because it was perceived as containing "free plugs" for molasses and the patent medicine Hadacol; ABC agreed to program it only after a reference to Hadacol was removed. CBS banned it entirely, on the grounds that it contained "medical advice" which could lead listeners to believe that molasses was "good for sexual debility, insomnia, nerves and underweight condition."{{cite magazine|last1=|title=Stations Kick Vs. Free Plugs Ala 'Molasses'|magazine=Billboard|date=1 September 1951|page=8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cEUEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA8}} A different version of Black Strap Molasses, a "rhythm paean to Gaylord Hauser" by Tommy Dorsey and his orchestra, had been released earlier and reviewed in Billboard as "a rambling, rather dull slice."{{cite magazine|last1=|title=Record Reviews|magazine=Billboard|date=25 August 1951|page=19|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UEUEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA70}} Dorsey's version had been banned from programming by NBC and ABC because, representatives said, the song mentioned commercial products in competition with the networks' sponsors.{{cite magazine|last1=|title=ABC Puts Ban on 'Molasses'|magazine=Billboard|date=25 August 1951|page=19|url=http://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/50s/1951/Billboard%201951-08-25.pdf}}
The single was released in the UK, catalogued as Brunswick 04794, and later re-released on several record and CD collections.{{cite book | last1=Mitchell | first1=G. | last2=Maltin | first2=L. | title=The Marx Brothers Encyclopedia | publisher=Reynolds & Hearn | year=2009 | isbn=978-1-905287-81-9 | page=241}}