Black tetra
{{Short description|Species of fish}}
{{distinguish|black neon tetra|black phantom tetra}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = Gymnocorymbus ternetzi.JPG
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| genus = Gymnocorymbus
| species = ternetzi
| authority = (Boulenger, 1895)
}}
The black tetra (Gymnocorymbus ternetzi), also known as the black skirt tetra, petticoat tetra, high-fin black skirt tetra, black skirt tetra, black widow tetra and blackamoor, is a freshwater fish of the characin family (Characidae).
It is native to the Paraguay River basin of south-central Brazil (mainly Pantanal region), Paraguay and northeast Argentina, but there are also populations in the upper Paraná and Paraíba do Sul Rivers that likely were introduced.Benine, R.C., Melo, B.F., Castro, R.M.C. & Oliveira, C. (2015): Taxonomic revision and molecular phylogeny of Gymnocorymbus Eigenmann, 1908 (Teleostei, Characiformes, Characidae). Zootaxa, 3956 (1): 1–28. It was formerly reported from the Guapore River, but this population is part of G. flaviolimai, which is found throughout the Madeira River basin and was described in 2015. The black tetra is often kept in aquariums.Innes, W. T. Exotic Aquarium Fishes. T.H.F. Publications, Inc. 1979.
The black tetra can be growing up to {{convert|7.5|cm|in|abbr=on}} in length,{{FishBase|genus=Gymnocorymbus|species=ternetzi|month=January|year=2017}} the black tetra has a roughly tetragonal body shape and is greyish in colour, fading from near black at the tail to light at the nose. Two prominent, black, vertical bars appear just posterior to the gills. It is easily distinguished from all of its congeners by the presence of a dense field of dark chromatophores spread homogeneously over the posterior one half of the body unlike the lack of such pigmentation in all congeners.{{cite journal |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/275963034 |doi=10.11646/zootaxa.3956.1.1 |via=ResearchGate|title=Taxonomic revision and molecular phylogeny of Gymnocorymbus Eigenmann, 1908 (Teleostei, Characiformes, Characidae) |year=2015 |last1=Benine |first1=Ricardo C. |last2=Melo |first2=Bruno F. |last3=Castro |first3=Ricardo M. C. |last4=Oliveira |first4=Claudio |journal=Zootaxa |volume=3956 |issue=1 |pages=1–28 |pmid=26248902 }}
The black widow tetra is a shoaling fish that feeds on small crustaceans, insects, and worms.
In the aquarium
Image:Group of tetras.JPG aquarium variant]]
The black skirt tetra is a common fish that is widely available for purchase.
Hobbyists often provide live foods such as Daphnia and mosquito larvae, and frozen foods like bloodworms.{{Citation needed|date=January 2014}}
The species reaches sexual maturity at about two years of age. Like most characins, this species spawns by intermittently releasing and fertilizing eggs among plants. It frequently eats its own eggs, so keepers remove the fish after spawning.
The lifespan in captivity is 3 to 5 years.
The black tetra was also used to make genetically modified fish sold as GloFish (fluorescent colored fish), available in a wide variety of colors.
Similar names
The black phantom tetra (Hyphessobrycon megalopterus) is a separate species. The black neon tetra (Hyphessobrycon herbertaxelrodi) is sometimes also called the black tetra.
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
- {{ITIS |id=162891 |taxon=Gymnocorymbus ternetzi |accessdate=5 December 2004}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q519849}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Black Tetra}}
Category:Fish described in 1895
Category:Taxa named by George Albert Boulenger