Boasting

{{short description|To speak with excessive pride and satisfaction about oneself}}

{{redirect-multi|4|Boast|Bragging Rights|Show Off|Gloat|other uses|Boast (disambiguation)|and|Bragging Rights (disambiguation)|the SoMo song|Show Off (song)|the company|Gloat (company)}}

Boasting or bragging is speaking with excessive pride and self-satisfaction about one's achievements, possessions, or abilities.

Boasting tends to be an attempt to prove one's superiority by recounting accomplishments so that others will feel admiration or envy.{{cite book|last1=Brown|first1=Nina|title=Coping with Infuriating, Mean, Critical People: The Destructive Narcissistic Pattern|date=2006|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-0313070402|page=66}} It is often done by those who are socially insecure and find other people's perception of them important.{{Cite web |last=Shafir |first=Hailey |last2=M.Ed |last3=LCMHCS |last4=LCAS |last5=CCS |date=2022-10-26 |title=10 Reasons Why People Brag (And 10 Ways to Deal With It) |url=https://socialself.com/blog/why-people-brag/ |access-date=2025-05-28 |website=SocialSelf |language=en-US}}

Individuals construct an image of themselves, a personal identity, and present themselves in a manner that is consistent with that image.{{cite book | last=Schlenker | first=Barry R. | year=1980 | title=Impression Management: The Self-Concept, Social Identity, and Interpersonal Relations | publisher=Brooks/Cole | location=Monterey/California}} Theodore Millon theorized that in self-presentation, individuals seek to balance boasting against discrediting themselves with excessive self-promotion or being caught blatantly misrepresenting themselves. Studies show that people often have a limited ability to perceive how their efforts at self-presentation are actually impacting their acceptance and likeability by others.{{cite book|last1=Millon|first1=Theodore|title=Handbook of Psychology, Personality and Social Psychology|date=2003|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-0471384045|page=337}}

Forms of bragging

Although a brag can be as straightforward as a simple claim to riches or greatness, it often assumes a variety of more subtle forms{{Cite web|url=https://www.lesspenguiny.com/articles/best-article-on-bragging#iii-the-17-modes-of-bragging|title = The Best Article Ever Written About Bragging}} in order to shield the speaker from any opprobrium they might otherwise receive for transgressing the social norms of humility. The most popular of these forms is the humblebrag, a term coined by comedian Harris Wittels, whereby the brag is masked in a complaint.Matley, D. (2018). "This is NOT a# humblebrag, this is just a# brag": The pragmatics of self-praise, hashtags and politeness in Instagram posts. Discourse, context & media, 22, 30–38. For example, "Dating websites are so much work. Every time I log in, I have like a hundred new messages."

Society and culture

File:Offence and Boasting.jpg

The Ancient Greek book The Characters of Theophrastus devotes a chapter to "The Boastful Man".{{cite book |last=Theophrastus |title=The Characters of Theophrastus: An English Tr. from a Rev. Text |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GOhfAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA192 |access-date=November 13, 2015 |year=1870 |publisher=Macmillan & Company |page=192}}

Bēot is Old English for a ritualized boast, vow, threat or promise, which was usually made by an Anglo-Saxon warrior on the eve of or during battle. Bēots can be found in the epic poem Beowulf, including by the hero himself, such as when he vows to fight Grendel without using any weapons or armor.{{Cite journal |last=Einarsson |first=Stefán |date=1934 |title=Old English 'Boet' and Old Icelandic 'Heitstrenging' |journal=PLMA |volume=49 |issue=4 |pages=980 }}

A gab (Old Occitan [ˈɡap] for "boast") is a troubadour boasting song.

Boasting and bragging are necessary components of maintaining "face" in some Arab societies.[https://web.archive.org/web/20080312073053/https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/kent-csi/vol8no3/html/v08i3a05p_0001.htm CIA: Concepts of "Face"]

According to Howard G. Schneiderman, a Sociology Professor at Lafayette College, "vanity and pride, as well as bragging and boosterism, have been the norm in America" since the inception of the country. He puts forth that the discourse around westward expansion was marked by boastfulness. Thus establishing the need to explain boastfulness (due to it being relevant to American history), he writes, "In America, success often counts more than achievement. When these lesser things count more than the greater, bragging and self-advertisement come to the fore because they pay, as they have throughout our history."{{Cite news |date=1997-02-11 |title=Opinion {{!}} In America, Boasting Has Proud History |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1997/02/11/opinion/l-in-america-boasting-has-proud-history-576719.html |access-date=2024-07-29 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}

=Fictional characters noted for their boasting=

File:Falstaff 3.jpg as Falstaff]]

Miles Gloriosus, a stock character from ancient Roman comedy{{Cite web |title=Definition of MILES GLORIOSUS |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/miles+gloriosus |access-date=2024-07-29 |website=www.merriam-webster.com |language=en}}
Rodomonte, a major character in the Italian romantic epic poems Orlando innamorato by Matteo Maria Boiardo and Orlando furioso by Ludovico Ariosto, which gave rise to the word rodomontade, meaning "boastful, bragging talk"{{Cite web |title=Definition of RODOMONT |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/rodomont |access-date=2024-07-29 |website=www.merriam-webster.com |language=en}}
Scaramouche, a stock clown character in Italian commedia dell'arte{{Cite web |title=Definition of SCARAMOUCHE |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/scaramouche |access-date=2024-07-29 |website=www.merriam-webster.com |language=en}}
Falstaff, in three of William Shakespeare's plays{{Cite web |title=Sir John Falstaff Character Analysis |url=https://www.sparknotes.com/shakespeare/henry4pt1/character/sir-john-falstaff/ |website=Sparknotes}}
Baron Munchausen, a baron made famous by the novel of Rudolf Raspe who enjoys telling fantastical and absurd stories about his adventures abroad. He was based on a real-life German baron who was known for his exaggerated tales.{{Cite web |last=Hoh |first=Anchi |date=2017-08-22 |title=The Tall Tales of Baron Munchausen {{!}} 4 Corners of the World |url=https://blogs.loc.gov/international-collections/2017/08/the-tall-tales-of-baron-munchausen |access-date=2024-07-29 |website=The Library of Congress}}
The Twelve Idle Servants, a fairy tale by The Brothers Grimm about twelve servants who boast about their incredible laziness.{{Cite web |title=The twelve idle servants - Grimm |url=https://www.grimmstories.com/en/grimm_fairy-tales/the_twelve_idle_servants#google_vignette |access-date=2024-07-29 |website=www.grimmstories.com}}
Daffy Duck: American cartoon character who often brags about himself. In all of the cartoons he appeared in since the 1950s, he is usually victim of his own overestimations.{{Cite web |date=2024-07-02 |title=Daffy Duck {{!}} Cartoons, First Appearance, Voice, & Voice Actor {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Daffy-Duck |access-date=2024-07-29 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}
Lambik: A Belgian comics character who often sees himself as smart, strong, attractive and a born leader, but is actually neither of those things.
Odd Della Robbia, one of the main characters of the French animated series Code Lyoko.

References

External links

Category:Morality

Category:Self