Bob Tizard

Born in Auckland on 7 June 1924, Tizard was the son of Jessie May Tizard (née Phillips) and Henry James Tizard.{{cite book|title=Who's who in Australasia and the Far East|author=International Biographical Centre|date=1989|publisher=International Biographical Centre|isbn=9780948875052|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=GU-GAAAAIAAJ}}{{cite news|url= http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=AS19240609.2.3|title=Births|date=9 June 1924|work=Auckland Star|access-date=28 January 2016|page=1}} He was educated at Meadowbank School and Auckland Grammar School, and earned a university scholarship in 1940.{{cite news|url= http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=AS19450227.2.52.1|title=Untitled| date=27 February 1945|work=Auckland Star|access-date=28 January 2016|page=4}} He was the dux of the school in 1941.{{cite news |title=Twelve New Faces When Next Session Opens |date=2 December 1957 |work=The New Zealand Herald |page=12 }} In March 1943 he joined the Royal New Zealand Air Force. A navigator, he was commissioned as a pilot officer in February 1945,{{cite web |url=http://search.ancestry.com.au/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&db=NZWWIIApptPromTransResig&h=75246 |title=New Zealand, World War II appointments, promotions, transfers and resignations, 1939–1945 |year=2014 |publisher=Ancestry.com Operations |access-date=28 January 2016 |url-access=subscription }} and promoted to flying officer in August 1945.{{cite web|url=http://search.ancestry.com.au/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&db=NZWWIIApptPromTransResig&h=83068 |title=New Zealand, World War II appointments, promotions, transfers and resignations, 1939–1945 |year=2014 |publisher=Ancestry.com Operations |access-date=28 January 2016 |url-access=subscription }}

After the war, Tizard studied at Auckland University College, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts in 1948 and a Master of Arts in 1950.{{cite web |url= http://shadowsoftime.co.nz/university23.html|title=NZ university graduates 1870–1961: T|access-date=28 January 2016}} Majoring in history, his MA thesis was entitled Mr H.E. Holland's Blueprint for New Zealand and the World, Harry Holland having been a previous leader of the New Zealand Labour Party.{{cite thesis |last=Tizard |first=R. |year=1949 |type=Masters thesis |title=Mr. H. E. Holland's blueprint for New Zealand and the world : its inspiration and influence |publisher=ResearchSpace@Auckland, University of Auckland |hdl=2292/20525}} He was involved in student politics and unionism and was president of the Auckland University Students' Association in 1948. He became a lecturer at Auckland University and was also a teacher at Tamaki College and Mount Albert Grammar School.{{sfn|Parliamentary Service|1987|p=96}} By 1957 he was Mount Albert Grammar School's assistant headmaster.

Tizard made his first foray into national politics when he unsuccessfully ran for the Remuera electorate at the 1951 general election and again at the 1954 general election.{{sfn|Norton|1988|pp=331}} He was finally successful at the 1957 election, winning in the electorate of {{NZ electorate link|Tamaki}}.{{cite book|title=Cat Amongst the Pigeons, A Memoir|author=Catherine Tizard|publisher=Random House|year=2010|isbn=978-1-86979-300-5|author-link=Catherine Tizard}}

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|end = 1978

|term = 38th

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|end = 1987

|term = 41st

|electorate = {{NZ electorate link|Panmure}}

|party = New Zealand Labour Party

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|start = {{NZ election link year|1987}}

|end = 1990

|term = 42nd

|electorate = Panmure

|party = New Zealand Labour Party

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Tizard was the Member of Parliament for Tamaki for the next three years.{{sfn|Sinclair|1976|p=304}} For the duration of the Second Labour Government Tizard was a backbencher. In the dying days of the government, Prime Minister Walter Nash overruled security services advice and approved the naturalization of a European emigrant living in Tizard's constituency who had in his youth been linked with Marxist circles, but had lived in New Zealand for many years and had a New Zealand wife and children. The police had not given him a clearance because, in their view, he had not accepted "New Zealand ideals". Nash minuted in 1960 that he should be allowed to naturalise. The file lay on his desk without action for many months however. Tizard found the file and took it to the Minister of Internal Affairs, Bill Anderton (who was the only minister in Wellington during the 1960 election period because he was not standing) and he signed the necessary approval.{{sfn|Sinclair|1976|p=342}} At the 1960 general election he was defeated by National's Robert Muldoon. Thereafter Tizard and Muldoon developed an intense rivalry with each other, occasionally bitter.{{cite news |first=Ian |last=Templeton |author-link=Ian Templeton |title=The best PM that Labour never had |work=Auckland Star |date=31 August 1989 |page=A10 }}

He returned to parliament in a {{By-election link|Otahuhu|1963}} in the {{NZ electorate link|Otahuhu}} electorate, but in the 1963 general election was elected MP for Pakuranga. When United States Vice President Spiro Agnew visited Wellington in mid-January 1970, Tizard along with several other Labour Members of Parliament including Arthur Faulkner, Jonathan Hunt, and Martyn Finlay boycotted the state dinner to protest American policy in Vietnam. However, other Labour MPs including Opposition Leader Norman Kirk attended the function which dealt with the Nixon Doctrine.{{cite book |ref= chicago |last= Rabel |first= Roberto |title= New Zealand and the Vietnam War: Politics and Diplomacy |year= 2005 |publisher= Auckland University Press |location= Auckland |isbn= 1-86940-340-1 |pages=299–300 }} In 1972 he became MP for Otahuhu again. In 1984 he became MP for Panmure, until he retired in 1990.

Tizard was Shadow Minister of Finance under leader Norman Kirk. Contrary to expectation, Tizard was instead appointed as Minister of Health and Minister of State Services when the Third Labour Government was elected in 1972. Bill Rowling was made Minister of Finance. Tizard was unhappy when informed of the decision but vowed he would put his all in to the job he was given. When exiting Kirk's office he said to colleague Warren Freer "I'll show the bastard what can be done with health".{{sfn|Grant|2014|pp=221–222}} Tizard and Muldoon (the outgoing finance minister) believed Kirk withheld the finance portfolio for personal reasons and that Kirk's ill health made him impatient to achieve his objectives and wanted to eliminate the possibility of progress being hampered by a potentially reluctant minister.{{cite news |first=Karen |last=Brown |title=The frustration of long-serving Tizard |work=Auckland Star |date=10 September 1990 |page=A5 }} Both Freer and Deputy Prime Minister Hugh Watt had favoured Tizard for Finance, but Kirk thought he was not steady enough for the role and was suspicious of him as an "intellectual". Regardless, he soon proved one of Kirk's most effective ministers.{{sfn|Grant|2014|p=222}} As health minister he established a new practice nurse scheme, instigated changes to group practices and amalgamated several hospitals. At his retirement in 1990 Tizard said he was still then complimented on his work in the health portfolio.

Following the death of Kirk in 1974, Tizard was elected the Labour Party's deputy leader and consequently became Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand. He was elected in an exhaustive caucus ballot, in the final iteration he defeated the Minister of Defence Arthur Faulkner 28 votes to 26.{{sfn|Henderson|1981|pp=107}} Kirk's replacement as Prime Minister, Bill Rowling, appointed Tizard to the portfolio that he had wanted all along – Minister of Finance. As Minister of Finance, Tizard's 1975 budget introduced a number of progressive measures, such as an expansion of spending on education which provided a standard bursary for all students in tertiary studies.{{sfn|Freer|2004|pp=215-6}} He devalued the New Zealand Dollar by 15% to help local manufacturers and exporters.{{sfn|Freer|2004|p=222}} Overall his period in the finance portfolio was overshadowed by the impacts of the 1973 oil crisis which constrained what he could do.

After the surprise defeat of the Third Labour Government in 1975 Tizard remained on the front bench as both Deputy Leader of the Opposition and Shadow Minister of Finance.{{Cite news |title=Surprises Among Party Spokesmen |date=30 January 1976 |work=The New Zealand Herald |page=10 }} On 1 November 1979 he was challenged for the deputy leadership by David Lange the new MP for Mangere. Lange succeeded in the challenge, narrowly defeating Tizard 20 votes to 18.{{sfn|Bassett|2008|p=51}} Tizard did not take the defeat graciously, repeatedly referring in the caucus meeting to colleagues who voted against him as 'bastards'. Tizard even went as far as to tell Lange "I will never vote for you while your arsehole points to the ground".

In 1983 when Lange became leader Tizard was dropped from the finance portfolio and made Shadow Minister of Energy instead.{{Cite news |author=Carty, Suzanne |title=Roger Douglas gets finance, Tizard energy |date=16 March 1983 |work=The Evening Post |page=5 }} Tizard made no secret of his displeasure in the demotion stating "If he [Lange] wants to give jobs for the boys that is his business."{{cite news |title=Senior Party Man Slams 'Jobs For the Boys' |work=The New Zealand Herald |date=17 March 1983 |page=1 }}

In the Fourth Labour Government he was elected to the cabinet, due to being one of the few MPs with previous ministerial experience.{{cite news |title=Mr Tizard Cutting Back Old Score |work=The New Zealand Herald |date=3 August 1984 |page=20 }} Initially he held the roles of Minister of Energy, Minister of Statistics and Minister of Science and Technology during the governments first term from 1984 to 1987.{{sfn|Wilson|1985|p=98}} After attaining cabinet rank again he found himself amongst colleagues belonging to a younger generation of thought different from his own leading him to once again be blocked from an economic portfolio. He turned his attention instead to safeguarding his portfolios from the privatisation agenda of finance minister Roger Douglas and his backers (the "Rogernomes"), fighting against energy corporatisation wherever he could. He was confronted with nearly all of the country's energy resources having been committed to the Think Big policies of the previous government which hampered his plans to convert New Zealand vehicles to alternative fuels. He suspended use of the controversial National Development Act and assisted with being rescinded with the National Development Act Repeal Act. Likewise he decided to reinstate control over the construction of hydo-electric dams to the Ministry of Works and Development. Due to his refusal to sell Petrocorp he was removed from the energy portfolio at the end of the term.

As Minister of Science and Technology he established a review into government funding of scientific research.{{sfn|Bassett|2008|p=206}} Despite their differences in the past, Tizard increasingly found himself on side with Lange who also came to oppose much of Douglas' agenda. He retracted his previous grudge against Lange and supported him when Douglas challenged for the leadership. Linking back to his earlier pledge to never vote for him, Tizard told Lange "I don't expect you to lie horizontally on the table so I can vote for you".

During the government's second term Tizard retained only the Science and Technology portfolio, but was also appointed Minister of Defence from 1987 to 1990. During this term he celebrated the milestone 30 years as a Member of Parliament.{{cite news |title=Milestone Day for MP |work=The New Zealand Herald |date=1 December 1987 |page=5 }} As Minister of Defence he pushed for the approval of purchasing four new Anzac-class frigates which was contentious due to significant opposition to the idea from the Labour Party membership. In 1989 he caused controversy when he said the recently deceased Japanese Emperor Hirohito was a war criminal who should have been "shot or publicly chopped up" at the end of World War II. Tizard also garnered public attention when he walked out of a live television interview with journalist Lindsay Perigo after Perigo persistently asked, despite warnings from Tizard, questions outside the intended topic of the interview. He briefly returned to the picture after realising he was still wearing the stage microphone.{{cite news |title=Top ten political dummy-spits |url= https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/5978613/Top-ten-political-dummy-spits |work=Stuff |first=Kirsty |last=Johnston |date=16 November 2011 |access-date=2 December 2021 }}

In August 1989 Tizard announced he would retire from politics at the next general election. When Lange's replacement as Prime Minister Geoffrey Palmer held a complete reelection of cabinet in early 1990 Tizard was dropped from the cabinet due to his impending retirement. This went against a promise made to him by Lange that he could stay on as a minister until the end of the term. Angry with the outcome Tizard threatened to resign and force a by-election unless he could come to an agreement with the government over a car and housing arrangements for himself and his wife.{{cite news |title=PM talks future with Tizard |work=The New Zealand Herald |date=14 February 1990 |page=4 }}

His daughter Judith replaced him as MP for Panmure in 1990. She was a member of the Auckland Regional Council (ARC) and resigned after entering parliament. Tizard stood as the Labour candidate to fill the vacancy on the ARC. In a surprise result he was defeated in the by-election by Bruce Jesson of the incipient Alliance party.{{cite news |title=Declaration of Result of Election |work=The New Zealand Herald |date=5 December 1991 |page=14; 3 }} Tizard was annoyed but not surprised with the loss saying "It's no skin off my nose if the public want to be misguided and vote for a bunch of splinters."{{cite news |title=Voters go for new parties |work=The New Zealand Herald |date=28 November 1991 |page=1 }} At the 1992 local-body elections he stood as a candidate for the newly created Auckland Regional Services Trust, but was unsuccessful.{{cite news |title=Going tough for ex-MPs |work=The New Zealand Herald |date=12 October 1992 |page=2 }}

In 2007 Tizard announced his candidacy for the Auckland District Health Board.{{cite news|title=Tizard's fighting fit to campaign at 83|url= http://www.nzherald.co.nz/section/1/story.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10460292 |work=The New Zealand Herald|author=Wayne Thompson|date=28 August 2007|access-date=28 August 2007}} He was elected to the board, at the age of 83.{{cite news|url= http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10469905 |title=Bob Tizard back in political leadership role at the age of 83|author=Errol Kiong|date=15 October 2007|work=The New Zealand Herald}}

In 2009, at the age of 85, Bob Tizard was asked to speak, as a historian, on aspects of World War II at a dinner held to honour Captain Jack Lyon, a New Zealand war hero and former Labour Party Member of Parliament. An mp3 recording of the 25-minute speech is available.{{cite web |url=http://blog.labour.org.nz/wp-content/uploads/2009/07/bob-tizard-on-jack-lyon.mp3 |title=Archived copy |website=blog.labour.org.nz |access-date=15 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111009095657/http://blog.labour.org.nz/wp-content/uploads/2009/07/bob-tizard-on-jack-lyon.mp3 |archive-date=9 October 2011 |url-status=dead}}{{cite web |title=Jack Lyon – soldier, democrat, internationalist |url=http://blog.labour.org.nz/index.php/tag/bob-tizard/ |work=Phil Twyford |publisher=Red Alert |access-date=24 April 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120708023126/http://blog.labour.org.nz/index.php/tag/bob-tizard/ |archive-date=8 July 2012 }}

Tizard died in Auckland on 28 January 2016, aged 91.{{cite news |title=Former deputy Prime Minister Bob Tizard dies age 91 |url= http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=11581219 |access-date=28 January 2016 |work=The New Zealand Herald |date=28 January 2016 }}

Tizard was appointed a member of Her Majesty's Privy Council in 1985.{{Cite news |title=Privy Council Places for Ministers |date=24 December 1985 |work=The New Zealand Herald |page=8 }} In the 2000 Queen's Birthday Honours, Tizard was appointed a Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit, for public services.{{cite web |url=https://dpmc.govt.nz/publications/queens-birthday-honours-list-2000-including-special-list-east-timor |title=Queen's Birthday honours list 2000 (including special list for East Timor) |date=5 June 2000 |publisher=Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet |access-date=4 July 2020}}

While at university, Tizard met Catherine Maclean, while he was president of the Auckland University Students Association. On their second date Tizard told Maclean he was "going into politics. And I'm going to marry you." They married in 1951. The couple moved to Avondale and started a family, having four children in six years starting with Anne, followed by Linda, Judith and Nigel. They moved in 1957 to Glendowie in the Tamaki electorate. She then returned to university to complete her degree in zoology, and later began teaching at Auckland University before the couple divorced in 1980. Catherine was later Mayor of Auckland from 1983 to 1990 and Governor-General of New Zealand from 1990 to 1996. He is the father of former Consumer Affairs minister Judith Tizard, who succeeded her father as the Member of Parliament for Panmure in 1990.{{Cite web |url=https://www.parliament.nz/en/mps-and-electorates/former-members-of-parliament/tizard-judith/ |title=Hon Judith Tizard |date=8 November 2008 |website=New Zealand Parliament |access-date=2 March 2021 }}

Tizard later met Mary Nacey, with whom he had a son, Joe, in 1982.{{Cite news |title=Joe makes three |date=3 April 1982 |work=Auckland Star |page=2 }} They married in 1983 with fellow Labour MP Russell Marshall (a Methodist minister) performing the ceremony and another MP, Sir Basil Arthur, was the best man.{{Cite news |title=Marriage Vows Get the Vote |date=15 December 1983 |work=The New Zealand Herald |page=1 }} They subsequently divorced.{{sfn|Parliamentary Service|1987|p=97}}

He then married Beryl Vignale of Canada in 1989. The couple had previously been engaged in 1944 during World War II.{{cite news|url= http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/SearchResults.aspx?keyword=%22NZ%20minister%20finally%20weds%20war-time%20sweetheart%22&lang=en |title=NZ minister finally weds war-time sweetheart|work=Straits Times|location=Singapore|date=29 September 1989|access-date=31 March 2011|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121107021505/http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/SearchResults.aspx?keyword=%22NZ%20minister%20finally%20weds%20war-time%20sweetheart%22&lang=en |archive-date=7 November 2012|url-status=dead}} While Minister of Defence, following his second divorce, Tizard advertised in a Canadian Air Force magazine to find Beryl. He received ten replies, eight giving information on her whereabouts and two saying 'If you find her please tell me where she is'. While visiting Canada en route to attend the 50th anniversary of the Commonwealth Air Training Plan he visited Beryl for the first time since the war. Also having been married twice, she later repaid the visit before moving to New Zealand permanently to marry Tizard.{{Cite news |first=John |last=Armstrong |title=Wartime love rekindled: Bob, Beryl and Joe |date=29 August 1989 |work=The New Zealand Herald |page=1 }}

Tizard was interested in sport, particularly cricket, squash and golf. He was a member and administrator of the Auckland University Cricket Club. He was a captain at the Remuera Golf Club and represented it in several inter-club competitions.{{sfn|Parliamentary Service|1987|p=97}} He also possessed an extensive stamp collection which in 1990 was valued at $500,000.

{{reflist}}

{{Commons category}}

• {{cite book |title=Who's Who in the New Zealand Parliament 1987 |location=Wellington |publisher=Parliamentary Service |date=1987|ref={{harvid|Parliamentary Service|1987}} }}
• {{cite book |last=Bassett |first=Michael |author-link=Michael Bassett |title=Working with David: Inside the Lange Cabinet |year=2008 |publisher=Hodder Moa |location=Auckland |isbn=978-1-86971-094-1 }}
• {{cite book |last= Freer |author-link= Warren Freer |first= Warren |title= A Lifetime in Politics: the memoirs of Warren Freer |year= 2004 |publisher=Victoria University Press |location= Wellington |isbn= 0-86473-478-6 }}
• {{cite book |last=Grant |first=David |title=The Mighty Totara: The life and times of Norman Kirk |year=2014 |publisher=Random House |location=Auckland |isbn=9781775535799}}
• {{cite book |last=Henderson |first=John |title=Rowling: The Man and the Myth |year=1981 |publisher=Fraser Books |location= Auckland |isbn=0-908620-03-9}}
• {{cite book |last=Norton |first=Clifford |title=New Zealand Parliamentary Election Results 1946–1987: Occasional Publications No 1, Department of Political Science |year=1988 |publisher=Victoria University of Wellington |location=Wellington |isbn=0-475-11200-8 }}
• {{cite book |last=Sinclair |first=Keith |author-link=Keith Sinclair |title=Walter Nash |year=1976 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Auckland |isbn=0-19-647949-5 }}
• {{cite book |last=Wilson |first=James Oakley |title=New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 |edition=4th |orig-year=First published in 1913 |year=1985 |publisher=V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer |location=Wellington |oclc= 154283103 }}

{{S-start}}

{{s-par | nz}}

{{s-bef | before = Eric Halstead }}

{{s-ttl | title = Member of Parliament for Tamaki |years = 1957–1960}}

{{s-aft | after = Robert Muldoon }}

{{s-bef | before = James Deas }}

{{s-ttl | rows=2 | title = Member of Parliament for Otahuhu |years = 1963


1972–1984}}

{{s-vac|reason=Constituency abolished, recreated in 1972|next=himself}}

|-

{{s-vac|reason=Constituency recreated after abolition in 1963|last=himself}}

{{s-non|reason=Constituency abolished}}

{{s-new | constituency | rows=2 }}

{{s-ttl | title = Member of Parliament for Pakuranga |years = 1963–1972}}

{{s-aft | after = Gavin Downie }}

{{s-ttl | title = Member of Parliament for Panmure |years = 1984–1990}}

{{s-aft | after = Judith Tizard }}

{{S-off}}

{{S-bef | before = Lance Adams-Schneider}}

{{S-ttl | title = Minister of Health |years=1972–1974}}

{{S-aft | after = Tom McGuigan}}

{{S-bef | before = Jack Marshall}}

{{S-ttl | title = Minister of State Services |years=1972–1974}}

{{S-aft | after = Arthur Faulkner}}

{{S-bef | before = Bill Rowling}}

{{S-ttl | title = Minister of Finance |years=1974–1975}}

{{S-aft | after = Robert Muldoon}}

{{s-bef | before = Hugh Watt}}

{{s-ttl | title = Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand|years=1974–1975}}

{{s-aft | after = Brian Talboys}}

{{S-bef | before = John Falloon}}

{{S-ttl | title = Minister of Statistics |years=1984–1987}}

{{S-aft | after = Margaret Shields}}

{{S-bef | before = Bill Birch}}

{{S-ttl | title = Minister of Energy |years=1984–1987}}

{{S-aft | after = David Butcher}}

{{S-bef | before = Ian Shearer}}

{{S-ttl | title = Minister of Science and Technology |years=1984–1990}}

{{S-aft | after = Margaret Austin}}

{{S-bef | before = Frank O'Flynn}}

{{S-ttl | title = Minister of Defence |years=1987–1990}}

{{S-aft | after = Peter Tapsell}}

|-

{{s-ppo}}

{{s-bef|before=Hugh Watt}}

{{s-ttl|title=Deputy-Leader of the Labour Party|years=1974–1979}}

{{s-aft|after=David Lange}}

{{end}}

{{Deputy Prime Ministers of New Zealand}}

{{NZ Labour Party}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tizard, Robert}}

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