Bohemian and Moravian koruna
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2024}}
{{Infobox currency
|using_countries = {{flag|Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia}}
| image_1 = {{Css Image Crop|Image = BOH&MOR-3-Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia-1 Koruna (1940)ND.jpg|bSize = 255|cWidth = 250|cHeight = 148|oTop = 0|oLeft = 2|Location = center|Description =}}
| image_title_1 = A one koruna 1940 note
|subunit_ratio_1 = {{frac|1|100}}
|subunit_name_1 = {{native name|cs|haléř}}
{{native name|de|Heller}}
|symbol = K
|symbol_subunit_1 = h
|plural = {{native name|de|Kronen}}
|plural_subunit_1 = {{native name|de|Heller}}
|plural_slavic = Y
|used_coins = 10, 20, 50 haléřů, 1 koruna
|used_banknotes = 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500, 1000, 5000 korun
|obsolete = yes
}}
The Bohemian and Moravian koruna, known as the Protectorate crown ({{langx|cs|Protektorátní koruna}}; {{langx|de|Krone des Protektorats}}), was the currency of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia between 1939 and 1945. It was subdivided into 100 haléřů.
History
The Bohemian and Moravian koruna replaced the Czechoslovak koruna at par and was replaced by the reconstituted Czechoslovak koruna, again at par. It was pegged to the Reichsmark at a rate of 1 Reichsmark = 10 koruna and was initially equal in value to the Slovak koruna, although this currency was devalued in 1940.
Coins
In 1940, zinc 10, 20 and 50 haléřů coins were introduced, followed by 1 koruna in 1941. The coins were minted until 1944.{{cite book|author1=Colin R. Bruce|author2=Marian Moe|title=Collecting world coins: a full century of circulating issues|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780873414227|url-access=registration|access-date=14 June 2016|year=1995|publisher=Krause Publications|isbn=978-0-87341-422-7|page=2102}} The reverse designs were very similar to the earlier Czechoslovak coins. The coins were emergency issue types, similar to the coins of other German-occupied territories.{{cite web|title=World War II - Occupation and emergency coinages of Europe|url=http://en.numista.com/numisdoc/world-war-ii-occupation-and-emergency-coinages-of-europe-124.html#czech|website=Numista|access-date=14 June 2016}}
Banknotes
Czechoslovak banknotes for 1 koruna and 5 korun were stamped (and later printed) with "Protektorat Böhmen und Mähren" over "Protektorát Čechy a Morava," and subsequently issued in Bohemia and Moravia beginning on February 9, 1940.{{cite book | last1 = Linzmayer | first1 = Owen | title = The Banknote Book | chapter = Bohemia and Moravia | publisher = BanknoteNews.com | year = 2011 | location = San Francisco | url = http://banknotebook.com | access-date = 2011-08-21}} These were followed by regular government issues of 1, 5, 50 and 100 korun in 1940,{{Sfn|Cuhaj|2010|p=125}} 10 korun in 1942,{{Sfn|Cuhaj|2010|pp=125–26}} and 20 and 50 korun in 1944.{{Sfn|Cuhaj|2010|p=126}} Nationalbank für Böhmen und Mähren in Prag (National Bank for Bohemia and Moravia in Prague) introduced 500 and 100 korun notes in 1942, followed in 1943 by overprinted Czechoslovak 5000 korun notes. In 1944, the National Bank issued regular 5000 korun notes.{{Sfn|Cuhaj|2010|p=126}}
The Nationalbank für Böhmen und Mähren in Prag (National Bank for Bohemia and Moravia in Prague) issues were signed by:
- {{ill|Hanuš Ringhoffer|cs}} as Bankrat / Bankovni Rada (Bank Council)
- {{ill|Ladislav F. Dvořák|cs}} as Gouverneur / Guverner (Governor)
- {{ill|František Peroutka|cs}} as Oberdirektor / Vrchni Reditel (Chief Director)
| class="wikitable" |
| scope="col" style="width:125px;" class="unsortable" | Period
! scope="col" style="width:70px;" class="unsortable" | Issue ! scope="col" style="width:60px;" |Value ! scope="col" style="width:60px;" | Date ! scope="col" style="width:175px;" class="unsortable" | Image !Size ! scope="col" style="width:125px;" class="unsortable" |Comments |
|---|
| rowspan="9" align="center" | Protectorate Bohemia and Moravia{{Sfn|Cuhaj|2010|pp=125–26}} ! rowspan="2" |1939 Provisional Issue |1 Koruna |ND (1940) |105 x 59 mm |Overprint available as a handstamp (09 Feb 1940) or as a machine stamp (31 May 1940) |
| 5 Korun
|ND (1940) |130 x 63 mm Overprint available as a handstamp (09 Feb 1940) or as a machine stamp (31 May 1940) |
| rowspan="4" |1940 Issue
|1 Koruna |ND (10 Apr 1940) |105 x 59 mm |Series A - D = printed by Banknotendruckerei der Nationalbank für Böhmen und Mähren Series H = printed by Haase |
| 5 Korun
|ND (27 Mar 1940) |130 x 63 mm |Series A, B = printed by Banknotendruckerei der Nationalbank für Böhmen und Mähren Series G = printed by {{ill|Česká grafická unie|cs}} Series H = printed by Haase Series P = printed by Otto a Růžicčka |
| 50 Korun
|12 Sep 1940 |177 x 75 mm |Printed by Banknotendruckerei der Nationalbank für Böhmen und Mähren |
| 100 Korun
|20 Aug 1940 | 175px |170 x 83 mm |Prague Castle & Charles Bridge Available with and without "II. AUFLAGE-II. VYDANI" (second issue) in left border on back. First issue all printed by Banknotendruckerei der Nationalbank für Böhmen und Mähren Second issue without lower case "b" in Series was also printed by BNBM. With a lower case "b" was printed by {{ill|Česká grafická unie|cs}} |
| rowspan="3" |1942–44 Issue
|10 Korun |08 Jul 1942 |150 x 69 mm |All Series without a lower case "b" were printed by Banknotendruckerei der Nationalbank für Böhmen und Mähren Series with a lower case "b" were printed by {{ill|Václav Neubert|cs}} a synové |
| 20 Korun
|24 Jan 1944 |157 x 72 mm |Series A = printed by Banknotendruckerei der Nationalbank für Böhmen und Mähren Series G, H = printed by {{ill|Česká grafická unie|cs}} |
| 50 Korun
|25 Sep 1944 |165 x 75 mm |All notes printed by Banknotendruckerei der Nationalbank für Böhmen und Mähren |
| rowspan="4" align="center" | National Bank for Bohemia and Moravia{{Sfn|Cuhaj|2010|p=126}} ! rowspan="4" |1942–44 Issue |500 Korun |24 Feb 1942 |197 x 85 mm Available with and without "II. AUFLAGE-II. VYDANI" (second issue) in left border on back. Both issues were printed by Banknotendruckerei der Nationalbank für Böhmen und Mähren |
| 1,000 Korun
|24 Oct 1942 |200 x 95 mm Available with and without "II. AUFLAGE-II. VYDANI" (second issue) in left border on back. Both issues printed by Banknotendruckerei der Nationalbank für Böhmen und Mähren. There two guilloche varieties in the second issue; a blue and tan version and a blue, tan, purple, and green version. The more colorful version has a series ending in a lower case "b", while the less colorful version has a series ending in a lower case "c". |
| 5,000 Korun
|25 Oct 1943 |203 x 112 mm |Overprint on a 1920 Czech note - Specimens only Printed by the American Bank Note Company |
| 5,000 Korun
|24 Feb 1944 |190 x 90 mm Printed by Banknotendruckerei der Nationalbank für Böhmen und Mähren |
See also
{{Portal|Money|Numismatics}}
References
{{reflist}}
=Sources=
{{refbegin}}
- {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BuNA39dnuHsC|title=Standard Catalog of World Paper Money General Issues (1368-1960)|edition=13|publisher=Krause|isbn=978-1-4402-1293-2|editor-last=Cuhaj|editor-first=George S.|year=2010}}{{Dead link|date=May 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
- {{numis cite SCWC | date=1991}}
- {{numis cite SCWPM | date=1994}}
{{refend}}
External links
- [http://www.papirovaplatidla.cz Protectorate banknotes (catalog, gallery and other details)]
- {{PM20|FID=co/072815|TEXT=Documents and clippings about|NAME=Bohemian and Moravian national bank}}
{{Historical currencies of the Czech Republic and Slovakia|state=collapsed}}
{{Crown|state=collapsed}}
Category:Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia
Category:Currencies of Czechoslovakia
Category:Currencies introduced in 1939
Category:Modern obsolete currencies
Category:1945 disestablishments in Czechoslovakia
Category:Zinc and aluminum coins minted in Germany and occupied territories during World War II