Booted racket-tail
{{short description|Genus of birds}}
{{Automatic Taxobox
| name =
| image = Booted Racket-tail (Ocreatus underwoodii) (20700863672).jpg
| image_caption = Male white-booted racket-tail
| taxon = Ocreatus
| authority = Gould, 1846
| type_species = Trochilus addae{{cite web |url= https://www.aviansystematics.org/4th-edition-checklist?viewfamilies=80 |title= Trochilidae |author= |date= |website= aviansystematics.org |publisher= The Trust for Avian Systematics |access-date= 2023-08-05}}
| type_species_authority = Bourcier, 1846
| range_map = Ocreatus (Trochilidae genus) map.svg
| range_map_caption = Distribution of the genus Ocreatus in green
}}
The booted racket-tails are a small group of hummingbirds in the genus Ocreatus that was long considered to have only one species, O. underwoodii. They are native to cloud forest edges in the South American Andes and Maritime Andes. They are relatively small (even compared to most other hummingbirds) and primarily iridescent green with white or rufous-buff leg-puffs ("boots"). The leg-puffs are more conspicuous in males, which also have a pair of dark bluish racket-shaped extensions to the tail.
Taxonomy
The genus Ocreatus was described by John Gould in 1846. During the 19th century, several populations were described as different species, but since the mid-20th century authorities generally only recognized a single widespread species, O. underwoodii, with several subspecies. Research published in 2016, however, argued that three subspecies groups, addae, annae and peruanus, that are mostly allopatric (only peruanus and underwoodii have ranges that are known to very locally come into contact) were sufficiently different for raising them to species level.{{cite journal | title=Biogeography and taxonomy of racket-tail hummingbirds (Aves: Trochilidae: Ocreatus): Evidence for species delimitation from morphology and display behavior | journal=Zootaxa | volume=4200 | issue=1 | pages=83 | doi= 10.11646/zootaxa.4200.1.3 | pmid=27988640 | url= https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311004563| year=2016 | last1=Schuchmann | first1=Karl-L. | last2=Weller | first2=André-A. | last3=Jürgens | first3=Dietmar }} The research results have been mostly accepted by the International Ornithological Union, with more data required for the species status of Anna's racket-tail (annae), which they instead regard as a subspecies of O. addae.{{cite web | url=http://www.worldbirdnames.org/updates/proposed-splits/ | title=Proposed Splits/Lumps « IOC World Bird List}} The American Ornithological Society has yet to recognize the split and continue to place all in a single widespread species.
=Species=
{{Species table |genus= Ocreatus |authority-name=Gould|authority-year= 1846 |species-count=three|no-note=y|narrow-percent=75}}
{{Species table/row
|name= Peruvian racket-tail |binomial=Ocreatus peruanus
|image=File:Peruvian Racket-tail JCB.jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=|image-caption=Male
|image2 =File:Peruvian Racket-tail (f) JCB.jpg|image2-caption=Female
|authority-name=Gould |authority-year= 1849|authority-not-original=yes
|range= eastern Ecuador and northern Peru
|range-image=File:Ocreatus peruanus map.svg
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= LC
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies=
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=Rufous-booted racket-tail |binomial=Ocreatus addae
|image=File:Ocreatus addae (Rufous-booted Racket-tail), Paucartambo, Peru.jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=|image-caption=Male
|authority-name=Bourcier|authority-year= 1846 |authority-not-original=yes
|range= southern Peru (annae) and Bolivia (addae)
|range-image=
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= LC
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies=
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=White-booted racket-tail |binomial=Ocreatus underwoodii
|image=File:Booted Racket tail JCB.jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=|image-caption=Male
|image2 =File:Hummer Close-up (29206404316).jpg|image2-caption=Female
|authority-name=Lesson |authority-year= 1832|authority-not-original=yes
|range= northwestern Venezuela, Colombia and western Ecuador
|range-image=File:Ocreatus underwoodii map 2.svg
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= LC
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Five subspecies |bullets=on
|O. u. polystictus Todd, 1942
|O. u. discifer (Heine, 1863)
|O. u. underwoodii (Lesson, 1832)
|O. u. incommodus (Kleinschmidt, 1943)
|O. u. melanantherus (Jardine, 1851)
}}
}}
{{Species table/end}}
References
{{Reflist}}
See also
- Marvelous spatuletail (Loddigesia mirabilis) - another Andean hummingbird with a somewhat similar tail
- Racket-tailed coquette (Discosura longicaudus) - a hummingbird of northeastern and eastern South America with a somewhat similar tail
{{Strisores|T.|state=collapsed}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q10802315|from2=Q30702205}}