Botucatu
{{More citations needed|date=October 2008}}
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name = Botucatu
| native_name =
| settlement_type = Municipality
| image_shield = Brasão de Botucatu.jpg
| image_flag = Bandeira Botucatu SaoPaulo Brasil.svg
| image_skyline = Botucatu - vistas 250906 REFON 4.jpg
| image_caption = Metropolitan Cathedral of Santana
| image_map = SaoPaulo Municip Botucatu.svg
| map_caption = Location in São Paulo state
| pushpin_map = Brazil
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Brazil
| coordinates = {{coord|22|53|09|S|48|26|42|W|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = Brazil
| subdivision_type1 = Region
| subdivision_name1 = Southeast
| subdivision_type2 = State
| subdivision_name2 = São Paulo
| subdivision_type3 = Mesoregion
| subdivision_name3 =
| subdivision_type4 = Microregion
| subdivision_name4 =
| subdivision_type5 = Metrop. region
| subdivision_name5 =
| established_title =
| established_date =
| leader_party =
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name =
| elevation_m =
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 1482.64
| area_metro_km2 =
| population_footnotes =
| population_est = 148130
| population_rank = 204th, Brazil
| pop_est_as_of = 2020
| population_as_of = 2010
| population_total = 127328
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym = {{lang|pt|botucatuense}}
| blank_name_sec1 = HDI
| blank_info_sec1 =
| timezone1 = BRT
| utc_offset1 = -03:00
| timezone1_DST = BRST
| utc_offset1_DST = -02:00
| postal_code_type = Postal code
| postal_code =
| area_code_type = Area code
| area_code =
| website =
}}
Botucatu is a city in the southeastern region of Brazil and is located {{convert|224.8|km|mi|abbr=on}} from São Paulo, the capital of the state of São Paulo. It has an estimated population of 148,130 (as of 2020) in an area of {{convert|1482.64|km²|0|abbr=on}}.{{cite web |title=IBGE | Cidades@ | São Paulo | Botucatu | Panorama |url=https://cidades.ibge.gov.br/brasil/sp/botucatu/panorama |website=Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística |trans-website=Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics |trans-title=IBGE | Cities@ | São Paulo | Botucatu | Panorama |language=pt |access-date=15 September 2020}} It lies on the top of a plateau ({{convert|804|m|ft|abbr=off}} high).{{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} Botucatu became a village in 1855, and a city in 1876.{{cite web |title=IBGE | Cidades@ | São Paulo | Botucatu | História & Fotos |url=https://cidades.ibge.gov.br/brasil/sp/botucatu/historico |website=Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística |trans-website=Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics |trans-title=IBGE | Cities@ | São Paulo | Botucatu | History & Photos |language=pt |access-date=15 September 2020}}
The region has humid-subtropical weather, with dry, cold winters and hot, wet summers. During winter the temperature rarely falls below {{convert|2|°C|0}}. During most of the year, mainly at night, a breeze blowing over São Paulo plateau, from which Botucatu elevates about {{convert|200|m|ft|abbr=on}}, cools the city and surroundings; this cold everyday wind from the high plateaus is where the city got its name from.{{Citation needed|date=September 2020}}
Botucatu's biggest employer is UNESP, one of the three São Paulo state universities, one of the top universities in all of Latin America and part of several World Top Universities list,{{Citation needed|date=September 2020}} making the city an important center for medical research and education. In particular, the city has two campuses, one centered on biomedical sciences, including a school of medicine, an Institute of Biosciences and school of veterinarian sciences, and the other centered on agricultural sciences. The leading industrial company is Embraer through a subsidiary, Neiva, that has a multipurpose plant there but primarily manufacture the EMB 202 "Ipanemão" crop spraying aircraft. Along with Rondonópolis and Ribeirão Preto, it is one of the centers of the large Brazilian airborne spraying industry. The city has also two bus bodyworks builders, the Brazilian {{ill|CAIO Induscar|pt}} and the Basque Irizar. Besides UNESP, there are other private colleges.
The city boasts a higher than usual elementary and mid-level educational network, including public and private institutions. It is also an important center for "organic" agriculture being the site of a recognized certification body.
History
The city of Botucatu, herein referred as such for being the seat of an archdiocese, has experienced many changes during a century and a half of existence, the most substantial being the arrival of the state university in 1960.
The modern name Botucatu derives from the old Tupi name "ybytukatu" meaning "good wind", and was applied in 1720 when the land here was parceled up and granted to settlers. Local legends survive that predate the period of structured settlement, however, relating to the time when Botucatu was the focus of a transit crossing along the route connecting the Atlantic coast with the Peruvian lands.
In the nineteenth century Old Botucatu was a place full of romantic characters such as coffee barons, musicians and poets and hinterland explorers. One of these is Conde (count) de Serra Negra, who is locally considered the father of Lawrence of Arabia and Rhett Butler, who is said to be buried there. Of note, Botucatu's municipal council has declared war on Great-Britain on two distinct occasions, with no actual consequences.{{Citation needed|date=February 2010}}
In April 2014 opened the first mall in the city.
Media
In telecommunications, the city was served by Companhia Telefônica Brasileira until 1973, when it began to be served by Telecomunicações de São Paulo.{{Cite web|url=https://www.imprensaoficial.com.br/DO/BuscaDO2001Documento_11_4.aspx?link=/1973/ineditoriais/abril/24/p1/pag_0054_DUI6O3SN7V5CNe7E7ANSRTTG04F.pdf&pagina=54&data=24/04/1973&caderno=Ineditoriais&paginaordenacao=100054|title=Creation of Telesp - April 12, 1973|access-date=2024-05-26|website=www.imprensaoficial.com.br|language=Portuguese}} In July 1998, this company was acquired by Telefónica, which adopted the Vivo brand in 2012.
The company is currently an operator of cell phones, fixed lines, internet (fiber optics/4G) and television (satellite and cable).{{Cite web|url=https://ri.telefonica.com.br/en/the-company/our-history/|title=Our History - Telefônica RI|access-date=2024-05-26|website=Telefônica}}
Climate
{{Weather box|width=auto
|metric first=y
|single line=y
|collapsed = Y
|location = Botucatu, elevation {{convert|789|m|ft|abbr=on}}, (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1990–2022)
|Jan record high C = 35.0
|Feb record high C = 35.5
|Mar record high C = 34.6
|Apr record high C = 37.4
|May record high C = 30.6
|Jun record high C = 32.0
|Jul record high C = 30.0
|Aug record high C = 33.2
|Sep record high C = 37.6
|Oct record high C = 39.2
|Nov record high C = 34.9
|Dec record high C = 37.8
|Jan record low C = 12.0
|Feb record low C = 14.4
|Mar record low C = 14.0
|Apr record low C = 7.8
|May record low C = 4.0
|Jun record low C = 1.2
|Jul record low C = 0.2
|Aug record low C = 5.0
|Sep record low C = 5.0
|Oct record low C = 9.0
|Nov record low C = 10.1
|Dec record low C = 12.0
|Jan high C = 28.3
|Feb high C = 28.4
|Mar high C = 28.2
|Apr high C = 26.8
|May high C = 23.8
|Jun high C = 23.4
|Jul high C = 23.4
|Aug high C = 25.3
|Sep high C = 26.8
|Oct high C = 27.9
|Nov high C = 27.8
|Dec high C = 28.6
| year high C =
|Jan mean C = 23.8
|Feb mean C = 23.8
|Mar mean C = 23.5
|Apr mean C = 22.0
|May mean C = 19.1
|Jun mean C = 18.5
|Jul mean C = 18.2
|Aug mean C = 19.5
|Sep mean C = 21.0
|Oct mean C = 22.4
|Nov mean C = 22.5
|Dec mean C = 23.6
| year mean C =
|Jan low C = 19.3
|Feb low C = 19.2
|Mar low C = 18.8
|Apr low C = 17.1
|May low C = 14.4
|Jun low C = 13.6
|Jul low C = 12.9
|Aug low C = 13.8
|Sep low C = 15.3
|Oct low C = 16.9
|Nov low C = 17.2
|Dec low C = 18.5
| year low C =
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 279.7
|Feb precipitation mm = 206.1
|Mar precipitation mm = 179.9
|Apr precipitation mm = 70.3
|May precipitation mm = 59.6
|Jun precipitation mm = 42.6
|Jul precipitation mm = 39.2
|Aug precipitation mm = 38.2
|Sep precipitation mm = 64.2
|Oct precipitation mm = 117.3
|Nov precipitation mm = 127.4
|Dec precipitation mm = 189.1
|year precipitation mm =
| source 1 = Centro Integrado de Informações Agrometeorológicas{{cite web
| url = https://www.ciiagro.sp.gov.br/ciiagroonline/Quadros/QTmaxPeriodo.asp
| title = Temperatura Máxima Mensal
| publisher= Centro Integrado de Informações Agrometeorológicas
{{cite web
| url = https://www.ciiagro.sp.gov.br/ciiagroonline/Quadros/QTminPeriodo.asp
| title = Temperatura Mínima Mensal
| publisher = Centro Integrado de Informações Agrometeorológicas
| language = pt
{{cite web
| url = https://www.ciiagro.sp.gov.br/ciiagroonline/Quadros/QTmedPeriodo.asp
| title = Temperatura Média Mensal
| publisher = Centro Integrado de Informações Agrometeorológicas
| language = pt
{{cite web
| url = https://www.ciiagro.sp.gov.br/ciiagroonline/Quadros/QChuvaPeriodo.asp
| title = Chuva Mensal
| publisher = Centro Integrado de Informações Agrometeorológicas
| language = pt
| access-date = 7 July 2024}}
}}
Transportation
The city is served by Tancredo de Almeida Neves Airport.
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
{{São Paulo state|Bauru}}
{{Authority control}}