Brave-class patrol boat#Libya
{{Short description|1960 class of British fast patrol boats}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2016}}
{{Use British English|date=December 2016}}
| {{Infobox ship begin
| sclass = 2 }} {{Infobox ship image | Ship image = Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F010729-0071, Marine aus Großbritannien in Oberwinter am Rhein.jpg | Ship caption = HMS Brave Borderer on the Rhine, 1961 }} {{Infobox ship class overview | Name = Brave class | Builders = Vosper & Company, Portchester | Operators = {{navy|United Kingdom}} | Class before = {{sclass2|Dark|fast patrol boat|4}} | Class after = | Subclasses = | Cost = | Built range = 1958–1960 | In service range = | In commission range = 1960–1970 | Total ships building = | Total ships planned = | Total ships completed = 2 | Total ships cancelled = | Total ships active = | Total ships laid up = | Total ships lost = | Total ships retired = 2 | Total ships preserved = }} {{Infobox ship characteristics | Hide header = | Header caption = Blackman 1971, p. 371. | Ship class = Motor torpedo boat | Ship tonnage = | Ship displacement = *{{convert|89|LT|t|0|abbr=on}} standard
| Ship length = {{convert|90|ft|m|abbr=on}} wl {{convert|98|ft|10|in|m|abbr=on}} overall | Ship beam = {{convert|25|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on}} | Ship height = | Ship draught = {{convert|7|ft|m|abbr=on}} | Ship depth = | Ship hold depth = | Ship decks = | Ship deck clearance = | Ship power = | Ship propulsion = *2 × Rover auxiliary gas turbine turbo generatorsBlackman 1960, p. 48.
| Ship speed = {{convert|52|kn}} maximum {{convert|46|kn}} continuous | Ship range = {{convert|400|nmi|abbr=on}} | Ship complement = 20 (3 officers, 17 ratings) | Ship time to activate = | Ship sensors = | Ship EW = | Ship armament = *As Motor Torpedo Boat
| Ship armour = | Ship notes = }} |
The Brave-class fast patrol boats were a class of two gas turbine motor torpedo boats (MTBs) that were the last of their type for the Royal Navy (RN) Coastal Forces division. They formed the basis for a series of simpler boats which were widely built for export.
At the time of their introduction the Braves were the fastest naval vessels in the world.
Brave class
The Brave class followed the {{sclass2|Dark|fast patrol boat|4}} of convertible motor torpedo boats/gunboats. They were larger than the Dark class, and differed in being powered by gas turbine engines rather than the diesel engines of the Dark class. (Gas turbine propulsion had been tested in the {{sclass2|Bold|fast patrol boat|4}} of two experimental fast patrol boats). Three Bristol Proteus engines propelled the Braves to a maximum of {{convert|52|kn|lk=in}}. Like the Dark class, the Braves had a mahogany skin over aluminium frame construction. They were built to be able to be used as either motor torpedo boats or motor gun boats. For the former role they had a 40 mm Bofors gun, four {{convert|21|in|mm|adj=on|0}} torpedoes and two depth charges, in the latter two 40 mm guns and two torpedoes. It was planned to arm the ships with a new {{convert|3.3|inch|mm|adj=on|0}} gun based on the 20-pounder tank gun in a stabilised mounting, but this was abandoned.Gardiner and Chumbley 1995, p. 539.Blackman 1960, pp. 48–49.
File:Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F010729-0037, Marine aus Großbritannien in Oberwinter am Rhein.jpg
The Royal Navy abandoned the idea of large scale coastal forces in 1957, so only two Braves were built for the Royal Navy. The two Braves, along with a single member of the Dark class, formed the Coastal Forces Trials and Special Service Squadron, based at Gosport. These were used to maintain proficiency in Coastal Forces operations, also being used as targets and for fishery protection.Blackman 1962, p. 286. The two Braves were retired from use in 1970.
''Ferocity'' and derivatives
The Braves were expensive boats, so as a private venture, Vospers produced a simpler derivative, Ferocity. This was smaller than the Braves, with an overall length of {{convert|90|ft|8|in|m}} and was powered by two Proteus engines instead of three, which were supplemented by two diesel engines for cruising. Construction was all wooden to minimise costs. Despite the reduced size and power, performance and armament were similar to the Braves. While Ferocity herself was not sold, it formed the basis for a number of boats for export.[http://www.bmpt.org.uk/other_boats_history/Ferocity/index.htm "Ferocity"]. British Military Powerboat Team. Retrieved 23 February 2012. These included sales to West Germany (two, called the Vosper class), Denmark (six of the Søløven class), Greece, Malaysia for the RMN in 1966 (four craft), Brunei and Libya, and was also the basis for the {{sclass|Scimitar|fast training boat|1}}.{{cn|date=January 2024}}
Boats in class
The two RN craft were both built by Vospers at Portchester:
- {{HMS|Brave Borderer|P1011}}, launched on 7 January 1958 and commissioned on 26 January 1960
- {{HMS|Brave Swordsman|P1012}}, launched 22 May 1958 and commissioned on 20 July 1960
At the end of their life they were sold to the Haydon-Baillie aircraft museum.
HMS Brave Borderer was the subject of an attack by the IRA in 1965.{{Cite web|url=https://militarymatters.online/military-history/the-last-hurrah-of-the-boys-anti-tank-rifle-when-the-ira-shot-a-royal-navy-torpedo-boat/|title = The Last Hurrah of the Boys Anti-Tank Rifle; when the IRA Shot a Royal Navy Torpedo Boat! - Military History - Military Matters|date = 31 January 2020}} Royal Navy ships had begun to visit Ireland on friendship visits, but Republicans objected to their presence, and members of the IRA's Kilkenny Brigade, led by Richard Behal, determined to make a political point by attacking one of the vessels (it was not their intention to kill any crew). On 10 September 1965, as HMS Brave Borderer was departing Waterford down the River Suir for the sea, she was fired upon using a World War 2-vintage Boys anti-tank rifle which blew two holes in the side of the vessel's stern. The vessel went to full speed and was out of range before any more rounds could be fired; there were no casualties, but the vessel had to return to Vospers for several months of repairs.{{cn|date=January 2024}}
Export
= Denmark =
File:Ship's badge for motor torpedo boats.svg
Denmark purchased six Søløven-class fast patrol boats, with the larger hull form and the 3-Proteus powerplant of the Brave class and the wooden construction of Ferocity. Armament consisted of two 40 mm Bofors guns and four torpedoes.Gardiner and Chumbley 1995, p. 79.Blackman 1971, p. 73. The first two boats, Søløven and Søridderen were built by Vospers (with Søløven being paid for by the United States and hence given the nominal US designation PT-821), with the remaining four boats being built under license by the Royal Dockyard, Copenhagen.Prézelin and Baker 1990, p. 107. They were placed into reserve in 1988, and disposed of when the {{sclass|Flyvefisken|patrol vessel|1}}s entered service, with disposal complete by 1992.
| Class="wikitable"
! Name | Number | Laid down | Launched | Commissioned | Fate{{cite web|url=http://www.navalhistory.dk/English/TheShips/Classes/Soeloeven_Class(1965).htm |title=SØLØVEN Class (1965-1990) |publisher=Danish Naval History |date=26 April 2005 |accessdate=22 December 2014}} |
| Søløven | P 510 | 27 August 1962 | 19 April 1963 | 12 February 1965 | Decommissioned 5 July 1990 |
| Søridderen | P 511 | 4 October 1962 | 22 Aug 1963 | 10 February 1965 | Decommissioned 5 July 1990 |
| Søbjørnen | P 512 | 9 July 1963 | 19 August 1964 | 20 October 1965 | Decommissioned 5 July 1990 |
| Søhesten | P 513 | 5 September 1963 | 31 March 1965 | 21 June 1966 | Decommissioned 5 July 1990 |
| Søhunden | P 514 | 18 August 1964 | 12 January 1966 | 20 December 1966 | Decommissioned 5 July 1990 |
| Søulven | P 515 | 30 March 1965 | 27 April 1966 | 17 May 1967 | Decommissioned 5 July 1990 |
One of the Søløven-class boats, apparently in a derelict state, was auctioned in Belgium from 12–24 February 2016,{{Cite web|url=http://www.moyersoen.be/ords/f?p=2008:11:17418309298681::NO:RP,11:P11_AUCTION_ID:7545|title = Brave-Class Fast Patrol Boat (Faillissement)}} being moored alongside another in Antwerp harbour.
Another "Søløven"-class, Søbjørnen is a museum vessel at the maritime museum in Aalborg. {{cite web|url=https://springeren-maritimt.dk/gtb-soebjoernen-p512/ |title=Torpedobåden Søbjørnen }}
= West Germany =
West Germany ordered two fast patrol boats (both designated Type 153) from Vospers on 22 August 1960. The first, Strahl was based on the Brave class, with three Proteus gas turbines, while Pfeil was based on the smaller Ferocity with two Proteus. Armament was the same convertible combination of Bofors 40 mm guns and torpedoes as the Brave class, with the option of replacing the torpedoes with eight mines.Blackman 1962, p. 104. They were transferred to Greece in 1967.Gardiner and Chumbley 1995, p. 150.
| Class="wikitable"
! Name | Number | Launched | Commissioned | Fate |
| Pfeil | P 6193 | 26 October 1961 | 27 June 1962 | To Greece 1967 as Aiolos (P19). Discarded 1976Gardiner and Chumbley 1995, p. 165. |
| Strahl | P 6194 | 10 January 1962 | 21 November 1962Blackman 1971, p. 150. | To Greece 1967 as Astrapi (P 20). Discarded 1979 |
= Libya =
In October 1966, Libya ordered three fast patrol boats of the Susa class from Vospers based on the Danish Søløven class, with the wooden construction of Ferocity but a larger hull powered by three Proteus engines. Armament consisted of eight SS.12 wire-guided anti-ship missiles and two 40 mm Bofors guns.Blackman 1971, p. 223.Gardiner and Chumbley 1995, p. 256.
| Class="wikitable"
! Name | Number | Launched | Commissioned | Fate |
| Susa | P 512 | 31 August 1967 | ||
| Sirte | P 513 | 10 January 1968 | ||
| Sebha (originally Sokna) | P 514 | 29 February 1968 |
= Malaysia =
The Royal Malaysian Navy ordered four Perkasa-class fast patrol craft on 22 October 1964 to be designed and built by Vospers. The design was similar to the Danish Søløven class, with a large ({{convert|30.4|m|ftin}}) wooden hull with an aluminium superstructure and powered by three Proteus engines. The original armament was four torpedoes (which could be swapped for 10 mines), a single 40 mm Bofors gun forward and a twin 20 mm Oerlikon cannon mount aft.Blackman 1971, p. 275.Gardiner and Chumbley 1995, p. 260. The four boats were delivered in 1967 and re-armed with eight SS-12 missiles in 1971.
- KD Perkasa P150
- KD Handalan P151
- KD Gempita P152
- KD Pendekar P153
=Brunei=
File:Perayaan ulang tahun AMDB yang ke-8.jpg
A single boat of the class was purchased by Brunei Darussalam for the Boat Company of the Royal Brunei Malay Regiment (the forerunner to the Royal Brunei Navy proper), commissioned in 1968, she became their first ship, named {{KDB|Pahlawan|P01}}, originally identified as AMDB 100.
Notes
{{Reflist|30em}}
References
- Blackman, Raymond V. B. Jane's Fighting Ships 1960–61. London: Sampson Low, Marston & Company, 1960.
- Blackman, Raymond V. B. Jane's Fighting Ships 1962–63. London: Sampson Low, Marston & Company, 1962.
- Blackman, Raymond V. B. Jane's Fighting Ships 1971–72. London: Sampson Low, Marston & Company, 1971. {{ISBN|0-354-00096-9}}.
- Gardiner, Robert and Stephen Chumbley. Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1947–1995. Annapolis, Maryland USA: Naval Institute Press, 1995. {{ISBN|1-55750-132-7}}.
- Prézelin, Bernard and A.D Baker. The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World 1990/91. Annapolis, Maryland, USA: Naval Institute Press, 1990. {{ISBN|0-87021-250-8}}.
External links
{{Commons category|Brave class fast patrol boat}}
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20070929120041/http://www.btinternet.com/~warship/Postwar/Patrol/brave.htm Brave Class Fast Attack Craft]
- [http://www.bmpt.org.uk/boat%20histories/Brave%20class/index.htm British Military Powerboat Trust]
- [https://books.google.com/books?id=1CoDAAAAMBAJ&dq=popular+science+1930&pg=PA92 "World's Fastest Fighting Vessel."] Popular Science, June 1960, pp. 92–93, detailed cutaway drawings of Brave class.
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20111115094226/http://www.navalhistory.dk/danish/Skibene/Skibsklasser/Soeloeven_klassen%281965%29.htm Soeloeven klassen]
{{Brave-class patrol boat}}
{{Ship classes of the Royal Brunei Navy}}
Category:Patrol vessels of the Royal Navy
Category:Patrol vessels of the United Kingdom