Brent Tor
{{Short description|Granite tor on Dartmoor in Devon, England}}
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Brent Tor is a tor on the western edge of Dartmoor, approximately four miles (6.5 km) north of Tavistock, rising to 1100 ft (330m) above sea level. The Tor is surmounted by the Church of St Michael, the parish church of the village of Brentor, which lies below the Tor.
Geology
Brent Tor is an unusual example of early Carboniferous basaltic volcanic rocks, now weathered down.Dartmoor National Park Authority, [http://www.dartmoor-npa.gov.uk/geo-brt.pdf Educational Register of Geological Sites] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927005824/http://www.dartmoor-npa.gov.uk/geo-brt.pdf |date=September 27, 2007 }} It is composed of volcanic breccia and pillow lava exuded beneath a former sea.Robert Hesketh, Devon's Geology, an introduction, page 8. Bossiney Books
Iron Age earthworks
Around the Tor are Iron Age earthworks, the remnants of a Hill fort.{{cite book | title=The Moorlands of England | publisher=Key Porter Books |author1=Hopkins, Adam |author2=Witney, Dudley |name-list-style=amp | year=1995 | pages=92 | isbn=9781550136050 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VdP0634fCikC}} Unusually, the fortifications are at the base of the Tor, rather than the summit as is more normal (compare with Brent Knoll in Somerset). No serious archaeological work has been carried out on the site. However, the northern ramparts in particular are well preserved, displaying a multi-vallate pattern characteristic of the Iron-A, or early -B, culture. There are three distinct consecutive ramparts in this sector, and traces of internal partitioning.
Church
File:St Michaels Church on the edge of Dartmoor.jpg
The Church of St Michel de Rupe ("Saint Michael of the Rock") atop the Tor dates to the 12th century, and measures {{convert|14|ft|6|in|m}} wide and {{convert|37|ft|m}} long.The tower is {{convert|40|ft|m}} highBrentor Church: A Guide, Church of England publications and houses five bells.[http://dove.cccbr.org.uk/detail.php?searchString=brentor&numPerPage=10&Submit=Go&searchAmount=%3D&searchMetric=cwt&sortBy=Place&sortDir=Asc&DoveID=BRENT+TOR Dove's Guide for Church Bell Ringers] At one point, the church may have been used as a Beacon tower, used to spread word of enemies seen out to sea (see also Spanish Armada). The church was rebuilt in 1319 by Tavistock Abbey. Restoration work was carried out in 1889.{{cite book |last=Wills |first=Dixe |title=Tiny Churches |date=2018|publisher=AA Publishing |isbn=978-0-7495-7991-3 |pages=21-25}}
It is also said that the church was to be built at the bottom of the tor, but the devil who didn't want to see its construction would move the construction to the top of the hill each night to stop its construction. Dissuaded by the devil, the locals continued with its construction in defiance.
The church has a capacity of approximately forty people. Although there is a newer (19th century) church (Christchurch) in the village, which is used for many services, St Michael's is still used on Christmas Day, Easter Day and for Evensong during the summer. In 1995 the Church was struck by lightning, which caused extensive damage, but this has since been repaired.
Legends
There are many legends surrounding Brent Tor.
One of the best-known is that of the Merchant and the Storm. According to this story, an early medieval merchant paid for the church to be completed after nearly being shipwrecked.[http://LegendaryDartmoor.co.uk/brentor.htm Legendary Dartmoor][http://www.sacred-texts.com/neu/eng/prwe/prwe315.htm Sacred texts]
The churchyard was used as a location in filming the ITV version of Jamaica Inn.Williams, Michael (1984) Unknown Devon. St Teath: Bossiney Books; pp. 16-18