Brian Sinclair (veterinary surgeon)

{{Infobox scientist

| name = Brian Sinclair

| birth_name = Wallace Brian Vaughan Sinclair

| honorific_suffix = {{Post-nominals|size=100%|country=GBR|MRCVS}}

| image = Wallace Brian Vaughan Sinclair (1915–1988).jpg

| caption = Brian Sinclair {{Mdash}} circa 1985

| alt = Colour photograph of Wallace Brian Vaughan Sinclair. He is pictured in side portrait wearing a shirt, tie, and jacket.

| birth_date = {{Birth date|1915|9|27|df=y}}

| birth_place = Harrogate, North Yorkshire, England

| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=y|1988|12|13|1915|9|27}}

| death_place = Leeds, West Yorkshire, England

| resting_place = Stonefall Cemetery

| alma_mater = Royal School of Veterinary Studies, Edinburgh ({{Timeline-event|date={{Start date|1943}}|event=MRCVS}})

| spouse = {{Marriage|Sheila Rose Seaton|20 April 1944}}

| children = 3

| relatives = Donald Sinclair (brother)

| fields = {{Plainlist|

Livestock fertility
Pregnancy testing
Ringworm treatment
{{Nowrap|Salmonella typhimurium infection}}}}

| workplaces = Veterinary Investigation Centre, Leeds

| module =

{{Infobox military person

| embed = yes

| embed_title = War service

| allegiance = {{UK}}

| branch_label = Branch

| branch = {{Army|United Kingdom|size=20px}}

| serviceyears = {{Dash year|1944|1946}}

| serviceyears_label = Service{{Nbsp}}years

| rank = Captain

| unit_label = Corps

| unit = Royal Army Veterinary Corps

| battles_label = Conflict

| battles = World War II

}}}}

Wallace Brian Vaughan Sinclair {{Post-nominals|country=GBR|MRCVS}} (27 September 1915{{Spaced ndash}}13 December 1988) was a British veterinary surgeon who worked for a time with his elder brother Donald, and Donald's business partner, Alf Wight. Wight wrote a series of semi{{Hyphen}}autobiographical novels under the pen name James Herriot, with Sinclair and Donald appearing in fictional form as brothers Tristan and Siegfried Farnon. The novels were adapted in two films and television series under the name All Creatures Great and Small. Tristan was portrayed as a charming rogue who was still studying veterinary medicine in the early books, constantly having to re{{Hyphen}}take examinations because of his lack of application, often found in the pub, and provoking tirades from his bombastic elder brother Siegfried.

Sinclair studied veterinary medicine at the Royal Veterinary College in Edinburgh. He graduated in 1943 and returned to his brother's practice at 23 Kirkgate in Thirsk, Yorkshire. In the following year, he enlisted in the Royal Army Veterinary Corps and married Sheila Rose, the only daughter of Douglas Seaton, a general practitioner based in Leeds. Shortly after his marriage, he was posted to Haryana in India, and on demobilisation, he joined the Ministry of Agriculture's Sterility Advisory unit in Inverness, Scotland. In 1950, the ministry offered him a transfer to the Veterinary Investigation Centre in Weetwood Lane, Leeds, a diagnostic laboratory for veterinarians in Yorkshire.

Sinclair retired in 1977 after he had risen to become head of the investigation centre. In retirement, he gave talks on Herriot and Yorkshire, and spoke at veterinary schools in the United Kingdom and the United States. When Wight's first book was published, he was delighted to be captured as Tristan and remained enthusiastic about all Wight's books. He seemed to enjoy being a celebrity and would host informal evenings for tourist groups visiting "Herriot country". He was due to appear as the lead speaker at the annual meeting of the New York State Veterinary Medical Society but he died at Leeds General Infirmary before the meeting could take place.

Early life and education

File:Herriot Museum.jpg, the former veterinary surgery of Sinclair, his brother Donald, and James "Alf" Wight (James Herriot)]]

Sinclair was born at Harrogate on 27{{Nbsp}}September 1915.{{R|"Herriot Org 2010"}} His father, James,{{R|"Yorkshire Post 22 April 1944"}} was the son of a crofter who had moved from the Isle of Sanday in the late 19th century.{{R|"The Daily Telegraph 17 July 1995"}} James was said to have been a leather manufacturer but died when Sinclair was just two years old.{{R|"Lord 1997"|p=109}}{{R|"The Daily Telegraph 17 July 1995"}} Sinclair's elder sister, Elsa Vaughan,{{R|"Wight 2000"|p=297}} married Cyril Walter Russell on 5 June 1934 at St Robert's Catholic Church, Harrogate, where he gave her away.{{R|"Yorkshire Evening Post 5 June 1934"}} In the 1920s, his elder brother, Donald, was a veterinary student at the Royal School of Veterinary Studies in the University of Edinburgh.{{R|"The Daily Telegraph 17 July 1995"}}

In his youth, Sinclair had considered a career in dentistry, but his interest turned to veterinary medicine after assisting his cousin, then a local veterinarian,{{R|"The Daily Telegraph 17 July 1995"}} with bovine tuberculosis testing.{{R|"Iowa State University Veterinarian 1980"}} In 1932, he entered the veterinary school at Edinburgh but failed his undergraduate examinations. His brother transferred him to Glasgow Veterinary College but he was expelled after laughing in Professor John William Emslie's pathology class.{{R|"Iowa State University Veterinarian 1980"|"Lewis-Stempel 2012"}}{{Efn|Pathology was taught in the fourth year of the course.{{R|"Lewis-Stempel 2012"}}}} He finally passed his professional examinations at Edinburgh in December 1943,{{R|"The Scotsman 23 December 1943"}} and in the same month, he was admitted a member of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons.{{R|"Veterinary Register 1967"}} He worked for his brother while studying veterinary medicine, and after he graduated, he returned to his brother's practice at 23 Kirkgate in Thirsk, Yorkshire.{{R|"Lord 1997"|p=213}}

Veterinary career

{{Hatnote|See {{Section link||Selected publications}} for details of Sinclair's academic papers}}

{{Quote box

| quote = After years of studying cattle, pigs, sheep and horses at Edinburgh University, I found myself in India in charge of 420 camels.

| author = Sinclair

| source = interview with Norman Harper, at Harrogate in October 1981.{{R|"Aberdeen Press and Journal 14 October 1981"}}

| width = 20%

| bgcolor = AliceBlue

| qalign = left

| align = right

}}

On 23{{Nbsp}}March 1944, Sinclair enlisted in the Royal Army Veterinary Corps (RAVC) and was given the rank of lieutenant.{{R|"London Gazette 18 April 1944"}} He had been a member of the Edinburgh University Officers' Training Corps (OTC).{{R|"Veterinary History 2015"|p=22}} A month later, on 20{{Nbsp}}April 1944, he married Sheila Rose Seaton, the only daughter of Douglas Seaton, a general practitioner based in Leeds,{{R|"British Medical Journal 1939"|p=956}} at St{{Nbsp}}Robert's in Harrogate.{{R|"Yorkshire Post 22 April 1944"}} Four months after the wedding,{{R|"Iowa State University Veterinarian 1980"}} he was deployed to the Ambala district in the state of Haryana, India.{{R|"Indian Army List 1944"}}

Sinclair was put in charge of the mules and camels used by troops in Burma. At the end of the war, he joined India's dairy programme,{{R|"Aberdeen Press and Journal 14 October 1981"}} supervising the care of seventy thousand water buffalo on military farms, and teaching pregnancy testing to local veterinarians. The closest he got to military action was when a local tribe fired shots into the camp using home{{Hyphen}}made rifles.{{R|"Iowa State University Veterinarian 1980"}} Alf Wight would write long letters to Sinclair, often twenty pages,{{R|"Iowa State University Veterinarian 1980"}} that would give news from home and would finish with a description of the Yorkshire countryside. Sinclair would later say that "Reading the [Herriot] books I find that the descriptions of the countryside are just the same as in those old letters."{{R|"The Sydney Morning Herald 4 July 1987"}}

Making the rank of captain, Sinclair was demobilised in 1946.{{R|"Army List 1946"}} On his return to England, he visited the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (MAFF) headquarters in Surrey in search of a job. He was offered a post at the ministry's Sterility Advisory unit at Church Street, Inverness, in the Scottish Highlands. He and his wife lived at 109{{Nbsp}}Culduthel Road, Inverness, and he travelled around Scotland advising farmers and crofters on livestock fertility. In 1950, the ministry offered him a transfer to the MAFF Veterinary Investigation Centre in Weetwood Lane, Leeds,{{R|"Aberdeen Press and Journal 14 October 1981"}} a diagnostic laboratory for veterinarians in Yorkshire.{{R|"Iowa State University Veterinarian 1980"}} He had enjoyed working and living in the Highlands, but decided to accept the transfer to his native Yorkshire, saying later, "I would never have accepted any transfer other than one to Yorkshire{{Nbsp}}... I loved the North and North{{Hyphen}}east that much."{{R|"Aberdeen Press and Journal 14 October 1981"}}

In 1953, Sinclair and Ken Sellers, a veterinary colleague at the centre,{{R|"The Independent 20 January 1993"}}{{Efn|Kenneth Charles Sellers was later professor of veterinary pathology at the University of Ibadan, Nigeria.{{R|"The Independent 20 January 1993"}}}} reported a cross{{Hyphen}}species infection of Salmonella typhimurium in shorthorn cows on a farm in Northumberland. The herd was milked in a shed that opened onto a duck house and a pigsty. The pigs, hens, and ducks were all found to be carrying Salmonella typhimurium, although none showed signs of infection. Sinclair and Sellers concluded that the poultry had caused the infection as they had only recently been introduced to the farm.{{R|"Hardy 2015"|pp=185{{Ndash}}186}} In 1959, he joined the joint MAFF Veterinary Laboratory Services and Public Health Laboratory Services committee on salmonellosis.{{R|"PHLS 1965"|pp=223{{Ndash}}224}} From 1965 until his retirement in 1977, he was the lead veterinary investigation officer for the centre.{{R|"Iowa State University Veterinarian 1980"}}{{Efn|In 1969, Sinclair's annual salary was around three thousand pounds (equivalent to {{Convert|{{Inflation|UK|3000|1970}}|cuyd|sigfig=2|spell=on|disp=number}} pounds in 2021).{{R|"Whitaker's Almanack 1970"}}}}

From 1970 to 1974, Sinclair was the advisor to a veterinary clinical trial that attempted to eliminate scrapie from sheep by breeding out susceptibility to it. Scrapie can kill up to twenty{{Hyphen}}five percent of sheep in an infected flock and there is no known cure.{{R|"Veterinary Practice 1975"}} Six sheep farms, located in Yorkshire and Cumberland, were included in the trial. The farmers recorded the offspring of ewes and rams, and if they displayed symptoms of scrapie, then all affected sheep, including their relatives, would be culled from the flock.{{R|"New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 1972"}} The detailed recording and culling did have some success as at least one farm was able to declare itself free of scrapie by 1974.{{R|"Veterinary Practice 1975"}} Sinclair co{{Hyphen}}authored a number of papers on infections in cattle and sheep, such as Brucellosis and ringworm, but in general, he was not interested in academia. He considered that "having a sense of responsibility to the animal" is the most important value a veterinarian must have.{{R|"Iowa State University Veterinarian 1980"}}

Literary and dramatic portrayals

File:Peter Davison 2016.jpg who played Tristan Farnon in the 1978 BBC Television series All Creatures Great and Small]]

When Wight's first book was published, Sinclair was delighted to be captured as Tristan and remained enthusiastic about all Wight's books.{{R|"Thirteen Media 2021"}} He had stated that the Herriot books and television shows were faithful to the truth, although occasionally, the truth was adapted for the purposes of the plot.{{R|"The Sydney Morning Herald 4 July 1987"}} For example, in {{Citeref|Herriot|2006|It Shouldn't Happen To a Vet|style=plain}} there is an account of Sinclair letting a car run away and demolishing the local golf club hut. He read this and the next time he met Wight he said "'I don't remember doing that', and he said, 'You didn't {{Mdash}} it was me.' You see, it didn't fit James Herriot's image in the book, so he put it on to Tristan."{{R|"The Sydney Morning Herald 4 July 1987"}}

In 2017, Alf Wight's son, Jim Wight, was interviewed and he discussed the James Herriot franchise. He made these comments about Sinclair:{{R|"Van Maren 2017"}}

{{Blockquote

| text = Brian [Sinclair] was accurately portrayed. A young man who was a delightful young fellow, but his whole aim in life was to work as little as possible and have as good a time as possible ... every time [Brian] failed his exams, which he did often when he was at veterinary school, Donald [Sinclair] had to pay and Donald didn't have money in those days ... So there was always that love-hate relationship between the two [brothers], very well portrayed in that first book.

}}

The 1975 film All Creatures Great and Small was the first adaptation of Wight's semi{{Hyphen}}autobiographical novels of James Herriot. It was directed by Claude Whatham,{{R|"Murphy 2006"|p=615}} and starred Simon Ward and Anthony Hopkins as James Herriot and Siegfried Farnon, with Brian Stirner taking the part of Tristan.{{R|"Wight 2000"|p=294}} At the time of filming, Stirner had played the lead role in Overlord, Stuart Cooper's 1975 film about the D-Day landings.{{R|"Murphy 2006"|p=615}} From the first film onwards, Wight gave a percentage of his income from film and television rights to Sinclair and his brother.{{R|"Lord 1997"|p=175}} The sequel, It Shouldn't Happen to a Vet, premiered in 1976, but did not feature a Tristan character.{{R|"Wight 2000"|p=299}}

Encouraged by the cinematic success of the films, the BBC commissioned a television adaption of All Creatures Great and Small. Christopher Timothy starred as Herriot, Robert Hardy as Siegfried, and Peter Davison as Tristan.{{R|"Evans 2003"}} After the first rehearsal, Davison met Sinclair, and stated that meeting him "was useful because I'd worried about how to make my Tristan endearing even though he behaved appallingly."{{R|"Davison 2016"|p=136}} In return, Sinclair has said that he was "flattered that someone as tall and handsome as Peter Davison would play him on screen."{{R|"Cabell 2003"}}{{Efn|Sinclair was a guest on Peter Davison's This Is Your Life episode that was broadcast on 25{{Nbsp}}March 1982 by ITV.{{R|"Bentham 1996"|p=7}}}} The series premiered in 1978, and ended in 1980, when Herriot and Tristan were shown to leave Darrowby to join the war effort. A new series was commissioned in 1988, but Davison had other acting commitments, and was only able to make a few appearances as Tristan in that series.{{R|"Evans 2003"}}

All Creatures Great and Small has been adapted for the stage by Simon Stallworthy. The play was first staged in 2010 at the Gala Theatre, Durham, with Jack Wharrier playing Tristan.{{R|"The Northern Ech 2 October 2010"}} In 2014, a provincial tour of the play was produced by Bill Kenwright,{{R|"UK Theatre Web 2014"}} with Tristan being played by Lee Latchford-Evans.{{R|"Western Mail 6 June 2014"}} Since 2020, a new television adaptation of All Creatures Great and Small has been produced by Playground Entertainment for television channel 5 in the United Kingdom, and PBS in the United States.{{R|"PBS 2019"}} Callum Woodhouse played Tristan Farnon in the first three series and series five, however, he did not appear in series four as the Tristan character had been called up to serve in the Royal Army Veterinary Corps in the series three Christmas special.{{R|"Radio Times 21 December 2023"}}

Later life and death

In retirement, Sinclair joined an after{{Hyphen}}dinner speaking agency,{{R|"The Sydney Morning Herald 4 July 1987"|"Aberdeen Press and Journal 14 October 1981"}} and was often invited to give speeches at farmers' functions in the north of England.{{R|"Amos 1987"}} In 1979, he toured the United Kingdom giving talks to the Ladies' Circle and the Women's Institute,{{R|"Rugeley Times 17 March 1979"}} on the subjects of Herriot and being a veterinary surgeon.{{R|"Coventry Evening Telegraph 27 March 1979"}} He was later paid to go on a cruise to speak on the same themes.{{R|"Davison 2016"|p=151}} In addition to these talks, he would host informal evenings for American tourist groups visiting "Herriot country",{{R|"The Christian Science Monitor 24 November 1981"}} on tours organised by Earl Peel. The tours would include lunch at the Kings Arms Hotel, Askrigg, where much of the television series of All Creatures Great and Small was filmed.{{R|"The Orange County Register 3 March 1985"}}

Later in 1979, Sinclair embarked on a lecture tour of veterinary schools in the United States.{{R|"Daily O'Collegian 27 November 1979"}} On 7{{Nbsp}}November 1979, he spoke to the student chapter of the Iowa American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) at the C. Y. Stephens Auditorium. The audience numbered over a thousand and he was presented with a replica statue of "The Gentle Doctor" for his contribution to veterinary medicine.{{R|"Iowa State University Veterinarian 1980"}}{{Efn|The original statue by Christian Petersen stands at the entrance to the Hixson{{Hyphen}}Lied Small Animal Hospital, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine.{{R|"Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine 2021"}}}} Later in the same month, he spoke at the twelfth conference of the American Association of Bovine Practitioners. To mark the occasion, the governor of Texas signed a proclamation declaring him an honorary citizen of the state. The mayor of San Antonio also issued a proclamation naming him honorary alcalde (mayor) of the city.{{R|"American Association of Bovine Practitioners 1979"}}

Sinclair was interviewed on 21{{Nbsp}}October 1980 by Sue MacGregor when Woman's Hour broadcast from Harrogate.{{R|"Radio Times 1980"}} However, he had begun to lose weight, and was admitted to St James's University Hospital, Leeds, for tests. It was thought he was suffering from a rare pituitary gland disorder.{{R|"Wight 2000"|pp=329{{Ndash}}330}} He had been suffering from circulatory problems for some time and a visit to Australia had to be cancelled.{{R|1="The Sydney Morning Herald 4 July 1987"|2="Wight 2000"|p2=344}} He was also due to appear at the centennial annual meeting of the New York State Veterinary Medical Society,{{R|"Veterinary News 1989"}} but he had a heart attack on 13{{Nbsp}}December 1988, and died at Leeds General Infirmary,{{R|"Wight 2000"|p=344}} aged 73 years.{{R|"The Times 15 December 1988"}}

A requiem was held on 19{{Nbsp}}December 1988 at St{{Nbsp}}Robert's, Harrogate,{{R|"The Times 15 December 1988"}} attended by Sinclair's brother and Wight.{{R|"Wight 2000"|p=344}} Interment followed at Stonefall cemetery in Harrogate.{{R|"The Times 15 December 1988"}} He and Wight had been life{{Hyphen}}long friends and had met almost every week in a bookshop at Harrogate.{{R|"Wight 2000"|p2=322}}{{Efn|Sinclair and Wight shared a common interest in Monty Python and the Marx Brothers.{{R|"Chubb 1980"|p=513}}}} His death was an emotional blow to Wight and he would later say that "Brian [Sinclair] may have been a practical joker for most of his life{{Nbsp}}... but, beneath that hilarious veneer, was a sound and dependable man. A true friend in every sense of the word."{{R|"Wight 2000"|p=344}} He was survived by his wife and their three daughters.{{R|"The Times 15 December 1988"}}

Selected publications

= Academic papers =

== As author ==

{{Cite journal|last1=Sellers |first1=Kenneth Charles |last2=Sinclair |first2=Wallace Brian Vaughan |others=British Veterinary Association |year=1953 |title=A case of Salmonella typhimurium infection in cattle and its isolation from other sources |journal=Veterinary Record |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |volume=65 |pages=233{{Ndash}}234 |location=London |language=en |oclc=803781252 |issn=0042-4900 |ref=none}}
{{Cite journal|last1=Sellers |first1=Kenneth Charles |last2=Sinclair |first2=Wallace Brian Vaughan |last3=La Touche |first3=Charles John |others=British Veterinary Association |year=1956 |title=Preliminary observations on natural and experimental ringworm in cattle |journal=Veterinary Record |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |volume=68 |pages=729{{Ndash}}732 |location=London |language=en |oclc=803781252 |issn=0042-4900 |ref=none}}
{{Cite journal|last1=Hunter |first1=D. |last2=Sinclair |first2=Wallace Brian Vaughan |last3=Williams |first3=David Rhys |others=British Veterinary Association |date=March 1969 |title=Infection of sheep in Yorkshire with Salmonella abortusovis |journal=Veterinary Record |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |volume=84 |issue=13 |page=350 |location=London |language=en |oclc=803781252 |issn=0042-4900 |pmid=5815883 |ref=none}}

== As experimental collaborator ==

{{Cite journal|last1=Crowley |first1=James Patrick |date=October 1964 |title=Abortion and perinatal mortality in sheep associated with toxoplasmosis |journal=Irish Journal of Agricultural Research |publisher=Teagasc |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=159{{Ndash}}164 |location=Castleknock |language=en |jstor=25555336 |issn=0578-7483 |ref=none |quote=Sinclair provided unpublished data on Brucella abortus.}}
{{Cite journal|last1=Wright |first1=J. A. |last2=Rook |first2=John Allan Fynes |author2-link=J. A. F. Rook |last3=Panes |first3=John Joseph |date=October 1969 |title=The winter decline in the solids‑not‑fat content of herd bulk‑milk supplies |journal=Journal of Dairy Research |publisher=Cambridge University Press |language=en |volume=36 |issue=3 |pages=399{{Ndash}}407 |s2cid=86696150 |oclc=1016374002 |issn=0022-0299 |doi=10.1017/S0022029900012917 |url=http://lib3.dss.go.th/fulltext/scan_ebook/j_dairy_1969_v36_n3.pdf#page=69 |access-date=22 November 2022 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221122041102/http://lib3.dss.go.th/fulltext/scan_ebook/j_dairy_1969_v36_n3.pdf |archive-date=22 November 2022 |ref=none}}

Footnotes

References

{{Reflist|refs=

{{Refn|name="Amos 1987"|

{{Cite book|last1=Amos |first1=William |orig-date=First published 1985 |year=1987 |title=The Originals : Who's Really Who in Fiction |section=Dramatis personae. Characters and their Counterparts, A to Z |publisher=Sphere Books |page=177 |location=London |language=en |oclc=898833967 |isbn=978-0-7221-1069-0 |section-url=https://archive.org/details/originalswhosrea0000amos/page/177 |section-url-access=registration |access-date=29 November 2022}}}}

{{Refn|name="Cabell 2003"|

{{Cite book|last1=Cabell |first1=Craig |orig-date=First published 2011 |year=2013 |title=The Doctors Who's Who: Celebrating Its 50th Year |chapter=6. Peter Davison |publisher=John Blake Publishing |page=112 |location=London |language=en |oclc=1238058983 |isbn=978-1-78219-471-2 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/doctorswhoswho0000cabe/page/112 |chapter-url-access=registration |access-date=22 November 2022}}}}

{{Refn|name="Davison 2016"|

{{Cite book|last1=Davison |first1=Peter |author1-link=Peter Davison |year=2016 |title=Is There Life Outside The Box?: An Actor Despairs |chapter=7. My Arm Up a Cow |publisher=Kings Road Publishing |pages=127{{Ndash}}152 |location=London |language=en |oclc=1238058983 |isbn=978-1-78606-327-4 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/istherelifeoutsi0000davi_y3l9/page/136 |chapter-url-access=registration |access-date=26 November 2022}}}}

{{Refn|name="Evans 2003"|

{{Cite book|last1=Evans |first1=Jeff |orig-date=First published 2001 |year=2003 |author1-link=Jeff Evans |title=The Penguin TV Companion |section=All Creatures Great and Small |publisher=Penguin |edition=2nd |page=16 |location=London |language=en |oclc=936505601 |isbn=978-0-14-101221-6 |section-url=https://archive.org/details/penguintvcompani0000evan_p7x2/page/36 |section-url-access=registration |access-date=22 November 2022}}}}

{{Refn|name="Hardy 2015"|

{{Cite book|last1=Hardy |first1=Anne |orig-date=First published 2014 |year=2015 |section=Part III Sites of Infection. Field and Farm |title=Salmonella Infections, Networks of Knowledge, and Public Health in Britain, 1880–1975 |publisher=Oxford University Press |pages=179{{Ndash}}198 |location=Oxford |language=en |doi=10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198704973.001.0001 |lccn=2014940798 |isbn=978-0-19-870497-3 |oclc=903162166 |section-url={{Google books|r0iPBQAAQBAJ|page=PA185|plainurl=y}} |access-date=29 November 2022}}}}

{{Refn|name="Lewis-Stempel 2012"|

{{Cite book|last1=Lewis-Stempel |first1=John |author1-link=John Lewis-Stempel |year=2012 |title=Young Herriot: The Early Life and Times of James Herriot |chapter=Part 2. The Art and the Science |publisher=AudioGO |edition=Large print |pages=129, 138 |location=Bath |language=en |oclc=1245991254 |isbn=978-1-4458-8782-1 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/youngherriotearl0000lewi_g3h7/page/138 |chapter-url-access=registration |access-date=22 November 2022}}}}

{{Refn|name="Lord 1997"|

{{Cite book|last1=Lord |first1=Graham |author1-link=Graham Lord |year=1997 |title=James Herriot: The Life of a Country Vet |chapter=14. The Rich Man in His Castle |publisher=Carroll & Graf Publishers |edition=1st |pages=1{{Ndash}}276 |location=New York |language=en |oclc=1097594427 |isbn=978-0-7867-0460-6 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/jamesherriotlife00lord_0/page/n6 |chapter-url-access=registration |access-date=22 November 2022}}}}

{{Refn|name="Murphy 2006"|

{{Cite book|editor1-last=Murphy |editor1-first=Robert |year=2006 |title=Directors in British and Irish cinema: A Reference Companion |publisher=British Film Institute |edition=1st |pages=570, 615 |location=London |language=en |oclc=69486111 |isbn=978-1-84457-125-3 |url=https://archive.org/details/directorsinbriti0000unse/page/570 |url-access=registration |access-date=26 November 2022}}}}

{{Refn|name="Wight 2000"|

{{Cite book|last1=Wight |first1=Jim |orig-date=First published 1999 |year=2000 |title=The Real James Herriot: A Memoir of My Father |publisher=Ballantine Books |edition=1st American |pages=1{{Ndash}}371 |location=New York |language=en |oclc=978715772 |isbn=978-0-345-42151-7 |url=https://archive.org/details/realjamesherriot00jame/page/n6 |url-access=registration |access-date=22 November 2022}}}}

{{Refn|name="Whitaker's Almanack 1970"|

{{Cite book|editor1-last=Tatham |editor1-first=Francis Hugh Currer |year=1970 |title=Whitaker's Almanack |section=Government and Public Offices. Veterinary Investigation Officers|publisher=J Whitaker & Sons |volume=102 |page=364 |location=London |language=en |oclc=655394653 |isbn=978-0-85021-029-3 |section-url=https://archive.org/details/whitakersalmanac0000unse_q8z0/page/364 |section-url-access=registration |access-date=22 November 2022}}}}

{{Refn|name="American Association of Bovine Practitioners 1979"|

{{Cite journal|editor1-last=Williams |editor1-first=Eric Idwal |date=April 1980 |title=Tristan Farnon Reflects |journal=Proceedings of the Annual Convention |publisher=American Association of Bovine Practitioners |volume=12 |page=11 |location=Stillwater |language=en |oclc=263599151 |issn=0524-1685 |url=https://journals.tdl.org/bovine/index.php/AABP/article/view/7663/7411 |format=PDF |access-date=22 November 2022 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028105708/https://journals.tdl.org/bovine/index.php/AABP/article/download/7663/7411 |archive-date=28 October 2021 |quote=San Antonio. 28 November to 1 December 1979.}}}}

{{Refn|name="Army List 1946"|

{{Cite journal|author=Ministry of Defence |author1-link=Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom) |date=August 1946 |title=Royal Army Veterinary Corps. Regular Army Emergency Commissions. Lieutenants |journal=The Quarterly Army List |publisher=His Majesty's Stationery Office |volume=2 |series=2 |page=277 |location=London |language=en |id=2024e |oclc=1039944671 |url=https://archive.org/details/armylistaugpart21946grea/page/277 |access-date=27 November 2022}}}}

{{Refn|name="Bentham 1996"|

{{Cite magazine|editor1-last=Brown |editor1-first=Anthony |last1=Bentham |first1=Jeremy |date=January 1996 |title=Peter Davison This is Your Life |magazine=In Vision |publisher=Jeremy Bentham |series=Doctor Who Season 19 Overview. The Making of a Television Drama Series |issue=62 |pages=5{{Ndash}}8 |location=Sandon |language=en |issn=0953-3303 |oclc=499409175 |url=https://archive.org/details/Doctor_Who_-_In-Vision_062_-_Season_19_Overview.PDF/page/n4 |access-date=18 December 2022}}}}

{{Refn|name="British Medical Journal 1939"|

{{Cite journal|editor1-last=Horner |editor1-first=Norman Gerald |editor1-link=Norman Gerald Horner |date=6 May 1939 |title=Obituary |journal=British Medical Journal |publisher=British Medical Association |volume=1 |issue=4087 |pages=953{{Ndash}}956 |location=London |language=en |issn=0007-1447 |doi=10.1136/bmj.1.4087.953 |pmc=2209493 |s2cid=220003954 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_british-medical-journal_1939-05-06_1_4087_0/page/n49 |url-access=registration |access-date=22 November 2022}}}}

{{Refn|name="Chubb 1980"|

{{Cite journal|editor1-last=Ottinger |editor1-first=Ray |last1=Chubb |first1=David |date=March 1980 |title=Alias Tristan Farnon. An Interview with the Other Brother: Brian Sinclair |journal=Veterinary Medicine & Small Animal Clinician |publisher=Veterinary Medicine Publishing Company |volume=75 |number=3 |pages=512{{Ndash}}514 |location=Bonner Springs |language=en |oclc=1769070 |issn=0042-4889 |quote=Otherwise known as VM/SAC. Article reprinted from the December 1979 issue of Intervet, the journal of the Student American Veterinary Medical Association.}}}}

{{Refn|name="Indian Army List 1944"|

{{Cite journal|author= |date=September 1944 |title=Royal Army Veterinary Corps. Lieutenants |journal=Indian Army List |publisher=Indian Defence Department |series=Part 2 |pages=2267A |location=New Delhi |language=en |oclc=46784577 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.278929/page/n754 |access-date=22 November 2022}}}}

{{Refn|name="Iowa State University Veterinarian 1980"|

{{Cite journal|last1=Erdman |first1=Lynn |date=January 1980 |title=Student{{Hyphen}}Faculty. Tristan Visits Iowa State College of Veterinary Medicine |journal=Iowa State University Veterinarian |publisher=Iowa State University |volume=42 |issue=1 |pages=45{{Ndash}}46 |location=Ames |language=en |oclc=6267055 |issn=0099-5851 |id=Article 13 |hdl=20.500.12876/47074 |hdl-access=free}}}}

{{Refn|name="New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 1972"|

{{Cite journal|author= |date=August 1972 |title=Breeding Out Scrapie |journal=New Zealand Journal of Agriculture |publisher=Department of Agriculture, Industries, and Commerce |volume=125 |number=2 |page=87 |location=Wellington |language=en |oclc=220211397 |issn=0028-8241}}}}

{{Refn|name="PHLS 1965"|

{{Cite journal|editor1-last=Fry |editor1-first=Rowdon Marrian |author1=Public Health Laboratory Services |author1-link=Public health laboratory#United Kingdom |author2=Veterinary Laboratory Services of the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food |date=June 1965 |title=Salmonellae in cattle and their feedingstuffs, and the relation to human infection |journal=Journal of Hygiene |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=63 |issue=2 |pages=223{{Ndash}}241 |location=Cambridge |language=en |issn=0022-1724 |doi=10.1017/S0022172400045125 |doi-access=free |pmc=2134652 |pmid=14308353 |quote=A report of the joint working party.}}}}

{{Refn|name="Radio Times 1980"|

{{Cite magazine|author= |date=18 April 1980 |title=Woman's Hour |magazine=Radio Times |publisher=BBC |volume=229 |issue=2971 |page=55 |location=London |language=en |issn=0961-8872 |oclc=265408915 |url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/c6583754ebdd450d878fec37d1a2d23c |access-date=29 November 2022 |via=BBC Genome Project |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221129061504/https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/c6583754ebdd450d878fec37d1a2d23c |archive-date=29 November 2022}}}}

{{Refn|name="Veterinary History 2015"|

{{Cite journal|last1=Matthews |first1=Peter K. |last2=Macdonald |first2=Alastair A. |last3=Warwick |first3=Colin M. |year=2015 |title=The Royal (Dick) Veterinary College Contingent of the Officers Training Corps (OTC) |journal=Veterinary History |publisher=Veterinary History Society |volume=18 |number=1 |pages=5{{Ndash}}27 |location=Staffordshire |language=en |oclc=642580690 |issn=0301-6943 |hdl=1842/14176 |hdl-access=free}}}}

{{Refn|name="Veterinary News 1989"|

{{Cite journal|editor1-last=Lawton |editor1-first=Julie Anne |date=May 1989 |title=Letters |journal=Veterinary News |publisher=New York State Veterinary Medical Society |volume=53 |number=5 |pages=191{{Ndash}}202 |location=New York |language=en |oclc=15504793 |issn=1045-3903 |hdl=2027/coo.31924056900289?urlappend=%3Bseq=304 |hdl-access=free}}}}

{{Refn|name="Veterinary Practice 1975"|

{{Cite journal|author= |date=December 1975 |title=On‑farm Advice — The System in Action. Scrapie Problem Solved by Joint Effort |journal=Veterinary Practice |publisher=A. E. Morgan Publications |volume=7 |number=23 |page=2 |location=Ewell |language=en |oclc=499792714 |issn=0042-4897 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_veterinary-practice_1975-12-01_7_23/page/n1 |access-date=30 November 2022}}}}

{{Refn|name="Veterinary Register 1967"|

{{Cite journal|author= |year=1967 |title=Register of Members |journal=Register and Directory |publisher=Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons |page=268 |location=London |language=en |oclc=220211397}}}}

{{Refn|name="Herriot Org 2010"|

{{Cite web|author= |date=9 March 2010 |title=Life and Times |website=www.jamesherriot.org |location=Brea |language=en |url=https://www.jamesherriot.org/life-and-times/ |url-status=live |access-date=22 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410185843/https://www.jamesherriot.org/life-and-times/ |archive-date=10 April 2021}}}}

{{Refn|name="Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine 2021"|

{{Cite web|author= |year=2021 |title=College Art |website=vetmed.iastate.edu |publisher=Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine |location=Ames |language=en |url=https://vetmed.iastate.edu/about/history/college-art |url-status=live |access-date=22 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415094847/https://vetmed.iastate.edu/about/history/college-art |archive-date=15 April 2021}}}}

{{Refn|name="PBS 2019"|

{{Cite web|author= |date=27 June 2019 |title=Coming to MASTERPIECE: All Creatures Great and Small |website=www.pbs.org |publisher=PBS |location=Crystal City |language=en |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/masterpiece/specialfeatures/coming-to-masterpiece-all-creatures-great-and-small/ |url-status=live |access-date=26 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221114140940/https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/masterpiece/specialfeatures/coming-to-masterpiece-all-creatures-great-and-small/ |archive-date=14 November 2022}}}}

{{Refn|name="Radio Times 21 December 2023"|

{{Cite web|last1=Robinson |first1=Abby |date=21 December 2023 |title=All Creatures Great and Small Christmas special delivers disappointing Tristan update |website=www.radiotimes.com |publisher=Immediate Media Company |location=London |language=en |url=https://www.radiotimes.com/tv/drama/all-creatures-great-small-tristan-newsupdate/ |url-status=live |access-date=26 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240116104017/https://www.radiotimes.com/tv/drama/all-creatures-great-small-tristan-newsupdate/ |archive-date=16 January 2024}}}}

{{Refn|name="Thirteen Media 2021"|

{{Cite web|author= |date=10 January 2021 |title=Who is James Herriot and How 'True' is All Creatures Great and Small? |website=www.thirteen.org |publisher=Thirteen Media |location=New York |language=en |url=https://www.thirteen.org/blog-post/all-creatures-great-and-small-james-herriot-true/ |url-status=live |access-date=22 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210824174137/https://www.thirteen.org/blog-post/all-creatures-great-and-small-james-herriot-true/ |archive-date=24 August 2021}}}}

{{Refn|name="UK Theatre Web 2014"|

{{Cite web|author= |year=2022 |title=All Creatures Great and Small |website=www.uktw.co.uk |publisher=UK Theatre Web |location=Boscastle |language=en |url=https://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/T01240415508 |url-status=live |access-date=26 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221126064817/https://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/T01240415508 |archive-date=26 November 2022}}}}

{{Refn|name="Van Maren 2017"|

{{Cite web |last1=Van Maren |first1=Jonathon |date=13 June 2017 |title=Remembering a bygone era: A conversation with James Herriot's son |website=thebridgehead.ca |publisher=The Bridgehead |location=Ontario |language=en |url=https://thebridgehead.ca/2017/06/13/remembering-a-bygone-era-a-conversation-with-james-herriots-son/ |url-status=live |access-date=22 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211024083306/https://thebridgehead.ca/2017/06/13/remembering-a-bygone-era-a-conversation-with-james-herriots-son/ |archive-date=24 October 2021}}}}

{{Refn|name="Aberdeen Press and Journal 14 October 1981"|

{{Cite British Newspaper Archive|last1=Harper |first1=Norman |author1-link=Norman Harper |title=Down North memory lane with 'Tristan Farnon' |work=Aberdeen Press and Journal |language=en |oclc=271459455 |issn=2632-1165 |id=0000578/19811014/247/0012 |access-date=22 November 2022}}}}

{{Refn|name="The Christian Science Monitor 24 November 1981"|

{{Cite news|last1=Andreae |first1=Christopher |date=24 November 1981 |title=Herriot's Yorkshire |work=The Christian Science Monitor |location=Boston |language=en |oclc=137342671 |issn=0882-7729 |id={{ProQuest|1038831151}} |via=Christian Science Publishing Society |url=https://www.csmonitor.com/1981/1124/112426.html |access-date=22 November 2022 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211024154216/https://www.csmonitor.com/1981/1124/112426.html |archive-date=24 October 2021}}}}

{{Refn|name="Coventry Evening Telegraph 27 March 1979"|

{{Cite British Newspaper Archive|last1=Buckton |first1=Janet |title=The real Tristan Farnon stands up |work=Coventry Evening Telegraph |language=en |oclc=232330580 |id=0000769/19790327/577/0038 |access-date=22 November 2022}}}}

{{Refn|name="Daily O'Collegian 27 November 1979"|

{{Cite news|last1=Porter |first1=Becky |date=27 November 1979 |title=Sinclair discusses position in author's popular works |work=Daily O'Collegian |volume=85 |number=61 |page=1 |location=Stillwater |language=en |oclc=32593145 |via=Oklahoma State University Library Electronic Publishing Center |url=https://dc.library.okstate.edu/digital/collection/ocolly1965/id/36204/ |access-date=22 November 2022 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221122032345/https://dc.library.okstate.edu/digital/api/singleitem/image/ocolly1965/36192/default.jpg |archive-date=22 November 2022}}}}

{{Refn|name="The Daily Telegraph 17 July 1995"|

{{Cite news|author= |date=17 July 1995 |title=Obituary of Donald Sinclair |work=The Daily Telegraph |page=21 |location=London |language=en |oclc=1081089956 |issn=0841-7180 |id={{ProQuest|317497075}}}}}}

{{Refn|name="The Independent 20 January 1993"|

{{Cite news|last1=Boden |first1=Edward |date=20 January 1993 |title=Obituary: Professor K. C. Sellers |work=The Independent |location=London |language=en |oclc=185201487 |issn=0951-9467 |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-professor-k-c-sellers-1479702.html |access-date=29 November 2022 |url-status=live |url-access=registration |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150715215352/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-professor-k-c-sellers-1479702.html |archive-date=15 July 2015}}}}

{{Refn|name="London Gazette 18 April 1944"|

{{Cite news|author= |date=18 April 1944 |title=Royal Army Veterinary Corps |work=The London Gazette |language=en |page=36478 |oclc=1013393168 |issue=27797 |url=https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/36478/supplement/1823 |access-date=22 November 2022 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211027072807/https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/36478/supplement/1823/data.pdf |archive-date=27 October 2021}}}}

{{Refn|name="The Northern Ech 2 October 2010"|

{{Cite news|last1=Waugh |first1=Ed |date=2 October 2010 |title=All Creatures Great and Small, Gala, Durham |location=Darlington |language=en |work=The Northern Echo |issn=2043-0442 |oclc=751105922 |url=https://www.thenorthernecho.co.uk/culture/8428354.creatures-great-small-gala-durham/ |access-date=26 November 2022 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221126071315/https://www.thenorthernecho.co.uk/culture/8428354.creatures-great-small-gala-durham/ |archive-date=26 November 2022}}}}

{{Refn|name="The Orange County Register 3 March 1985"|

{{Cite news|author= |date=3 March 1985 |title=For all tourists, great and small |page=284 |location=Santa Ana |language=en |work=The Orange County Register |issn=0886-4934 |oclc=12199155 |via=NewspaperArchive |url=https://www.newspaperarchive.com/us/california/santa-ana/santa-ana-orange-county-register/1985/03-03/page-284/ |access-date=28 November 2022 |url-access=subscription}}}}

{{Refn|name="Rugeley Times 17 March 1979"|

{{Cite British Newspaper Archive|author= |title=Circlers rally round Herriot's man |work=Rugeley Times |language=en |oclc=751640698 |id=0003294/19790317/060/0006 |access-date=29 November 2022}}}}

{{Refn|name="The Scotsman 23 December 1943"|

{{Cite British Newspaper Archive|author= |title=Agriculture. New Veterinary Surgeons |location=Edinburgh |language=en |work=The Scotsman |issn=0307-5850 |oclc=624981792 |id=0000540/19431223/148/0008 |access-date=22 November 2022}}}}

{{Refn|name="The Sydney Morning Herald 4 July 1987"|

{{Cite news|last1=Derriman |first1=Philip |date=4 July 1987 |title=The Real Tristan Farnon |work=The Sydney Morning Herald |pages=180{{Ndash}}182 |language=en |oclc=226369741 |issn=0312-6315 |via=Newspapers.com |url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/121145321/ |url-access=subscription |access-date=22 November 2022}}}}

{{Refn|name="The Times 15 December 1988"|

{{Cite news|author= |date=15 December 1988 |title=Announcements and Personal |work=The Times |page=19 |location=London |language=en |issn=0140-0460 |issue=63256 |id={{Gale|IF0501752935}}}}}}

{{Refn|name="Western Mail 6 June 2014"|

{{Cite news|last1=Owens |first1=David |date=6 June 2014 |title=Box Office. Creature comforts |work=Western Mail |page=2 |location=Cardiff |language=en |oclc=723659863 |id={{ProQuest|1532876277}} |via=WalesOnline |url=https://www.walesonline.co.uk/whats-on/arts-culture-news/tv-star-mark-curry-comes-7219758 |access-date=22 November 2022 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211031082434/https://www.walesonline.co.uk/whats-on/arts-culture-news/tv-star-mark-curry-comes-7219758 |archive-date=31 October 2021}}}}

{{Refn|name="Yorkshire Evening Post 5 June 1934"|

{{Cite British Newspaper Archive|author= |title=Mr C. W. Russell and E. V. Sinclair |work=Yorkshire Evening Post |location=Leeds |language=en |oclc=863719803 |issn=0963-2255 |id=0000273/19340605/217/0007 |access-date=22 November 2022}}}}

{{Refn|name="Yorkshire Post 22 April 1944"|

{{Cite British Newspaper Archive |author= |title=Marriages |work=The Yorkshire Post and Leeds Intelligencer |location=Leeds |language=en |oclc=18793101 |issn=0963-1496 |id=0000687/19440422/109/0004 |access-date=22 November 2022}}}}

}}