Brigg Fair#Delius orchestral setting
{{short description|Traditional song}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
"Brigg Fair" is a traditional English folk song sung by the Lincolnshire singer Joseph Taylor. The song, which is named after a historical fair in Brigg, Lincolnshire, was collected and recorded on wax cylinder by the composer and folk song collector Percy Grainger. It is known for its use in classical music, both in a choral arrangement by Grainger and a subsequent set of orchestral variations by Frederick Delius.
The original song
File:Brigg Marketplace in 1836.png Marketplace, 1836]]
The song, which is listed as Roud 1083, has only been collected from members of Joseph Taylor's family, as well as a Mr. Deene of Brigg.{{Cite web|date=2020-08-05|title=Week 293 – Brigg Fair|url=https://afolksongaweek.wordpress.com/2020/08/05/week-293-brigg-fair/|access-date=2021-12-13|website=A Folk Song a Week|language=en}}{{Cite web|title=Brigg Fair (Roud Folksong Index S139508)|url=https://www.vwml.org/record/RoudFS/S139508|access-date=2021-12-13|website=The Vaughan Williams Memorial Library|language=en-gb}} Joseph Taylor learnt "Brigg Fair" from gypsies camped near Brigg sometime around the year 1850. Initially, he spied on them from afar as they sat around their campfire singing, but the King of the Gypsies invited him in and taught him the song.{{Cite web|title=Brigg Fair - A memoir of Joseph Taylor by his grand-daughter E Marion Hudson|url=https://www.family-trees.org.uk/genealogy/histories/richard_Collinson/brigg_fair_files/brigg_fair.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614124230/https://www.family-trees.org.uk/genealogy/histories/richard_Collinson/brigg_fair_files/brigg_fair.pdf |archive-date=2021-06-14 }}{{cite web|title=Mary Taylor (daughter of Joseph Taylor), Saxby All Saints, Lincolnshire 1953 - Peter Kennedy Collection - World and traditional music|url=https://sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditional-music/Peter-Kennedy-Collection/025M-C0604X0080XX-0001V0|publisher=British Library|accessdate=22 February 2018}}
In 1907, Percy Grainger recorded Joseph Taylor singing "Brigg Fair" shortly after a music festival in Brigg, North Lincolnshire. The recording survives and is commercially available; it was digitised by the British Library and made available online in 2018.{{Cite web|title=Brigg Fair - Percy Grainger ethnographic wax cylinders - World and traditional music {{!}} British Library - Sounds|url=https://sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditional-music/Percy-Grainger-Collection/025M-1LL0010324XX-0202V0|access-date=2021-12-13|website=sounds.bl.uk}}{{cite web|date=20 February 2018|title=Percy Grainger's collection of ethnographic wax cylinders|url=http://blogs.bl.uk/sound-and-vision/2018/02/percy-grainger-ethnographic-wax-cylinders.html|publisher=British Library|language=en|accessdate=22 February 2018}}
Taylor knew only two verses of what can be assumed to be a longer song:
{{poemquote|It was on the fifth of August,
The weather hot and fair,
Unto Brigg Fair I did repair,
For love I was inclined.
I got up with the lark in the morning
With my heart so full of glee,
Expecting there to meet my dear,
Long time I wished to see.}}
The fair
Brigg Fair is an annual event held in the English market town of Brigg, North Lincolnshire, on every 5 August since 1205.{{Citation needed|date=December 2021}} It was primarily an event at which horses were bought and sold. While it is still held today, it is now celebrated primarily for historic and traditional reasons, and mostly organised by the travelling community.{{Cite web|title=Brigg Fair|url=https://calendarcustoms.com/articles/brigg-fair/|website=Calendar Customs|access-date=2021-12-13|language=en-US}}
Grainger's choral setting
File:Percy Grainger holding a book in 1919.jpg
Grainger soon made an arrangement of the song for unaccompanied five-part chorus with a tenor soloist. The original song was short, since Taylor could remember only two stanzas, and Grainger added three stanzas taken from two other songs, "Low Down in the Broom" and "The Merry King". The tune, in the Dorian mode, is wistful, and the lyric is a happy one about true love.
The song has appeared in several different versions, including one set down by Taylor and members of his family. These are the words set by Grainger:
{{poemquote|
It was on the fifth of August-er' the weather fine and fair,
Unto Brigg Fair I did repair, for love I was inclined.
I rose up with the lark in the morning, with my heart so full of glee,
Of thinking there to meet my dear, long time I'd wished to see.
I took hold of her lily-white hand, O and merrily was her heart:
"And now we're met together, I hope we ne'er shall part".
For it's meeting is a pleasure, and parting is a grief,
But an unconstant lover is worse than any thief.
The green leaves they shall wither and the branches they shall die
If ever I prove false to her, to the girl that loves me.}}The last three verses were collected by Grainger from two different songs found in different locations. Grainger added the extra verses to "complete" Taylor's original first two verses. Descendants of Taylor, including his daughter Mary, falsely believed that Taylor sang all five verses.{{Cite web|title=Between the Ears - Return to Brigg Fair - BBC Sounds|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/b06yjfgg|access-date=2021-12-14|website=www.bbc.co.uk|language=en-GB}}
Delius's orchestral setting
Delius heard Grainger's setting, and was impressed by both the tune and the arrangement. With Grainger's permission, he used the song as the basis of an orchestral work, first performed in 1908. After a pastoral introduction Grainger's setting is replicated by the woodwinds. A succession of variations on the original tune leads to a joyous finale.
Joseph Taylor was a guest at the first performance. While there is a popular story that he stood up and sang along,{{cite web|title=Joseph Taylor|url=https://mainlynorfolk.info/joseph.taylor/|website=Mainly Norfolk|accessdate=22 February 2018|language=en}} this legend was denied by Taylor's grand-daughter, Marion Hudson.{{Cite journal|title=Joseph Taylor from Lincolnshire: a biography of a singer|journal=Folk Song Tradition, Revival, and Re-Creation. Occasional Publications (3)|url=http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/42959/ |last=Greig |first=Ruairidh |pages=386{{ndash}}392 |editor1-last=Atkinson |editor1-first=David |editor2-last=Russell |editor2-first=Ian |via=White Rose Research |publisher=The Elphinstone Institute, University of Aberdeen |year=2004 |isbn=0-9545682-0-6 |quote=Marion Hudson was keen to deny the legend that Joseph Taylor got up and sang during the concert. Her comment to me was: 'Well he might have hummed the tune a bit, but he certainly didn't get up and sing.'}}
= Instrumentation =
3 flutes, 2 oboes, cor anglais, 3 clarinets, bass clarinet, 3 bassoons, contrabassoon, 6 horns, 3 trumpets, 3 trombones, tuba, timpani, percussion (bass drum, triangle, tubular bells), harp, strings
References
{{Reflist|30em}}
External links
- {{IMSLP2|work=Brigg_Fair_(Delius,_Frederick)|cname="Brigg Fair" by Delius}}
- {{IMSLP2|work=Brigg_Fair_(Grainger,_Percy)|cname="Brigg Fair" by Grainger}}
{{Percy Grainger}}
{{Authority control}}