Brigitte (magazine)

The magazine was first published in 1886 under the name Das Blatt der Hausfrau (German: Housewife’s Journal).{{cite journal|author=Nina Sylvester|title=Before Cosmopolitan|journal=Journalism Studies|year=2007|volume=8|issue=4|pages=550–554

|doi=10.1080/14616700701411953}}{{cite book|editor=John Sandford|title=Encyclopedia of Contemporary German Culture|location=London; New York|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TuMsBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA199|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-136-81603-1|page=199|year=2013}} Its target audience was the middle-class bourgeois housewife and the magazine often covered articles about child-rearing and foods. During World War II it stopped publication.

The magazine was relaunched in 1949 and was renamed as Brigitte in 1954.{{cite book|author1=Catherine C. Fraser|author2=Dierk O. Hoffmann|title=Pop Culture Germany!: Media, Arts, and Lifestyle|location=Santa Barbara, CA; Denver, CO; Oxford

|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YGgaLBLodH0C&pg=PA200|year=2006|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-1-85109-733-3|page=200}} Brigitte merged with another women's magazine Constanze in 1969.

Brigitte is published every two weeks by Gruner + Jahr. Its headquarters is in Hamburg.{{cite book|title=Western Europe 2003|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M9QYndAPmuQC&pg=PA294|year=2002|publisher=Europa Publications|isbn=978-1-85743-152-0|page=294

|edition=5th|location=London; New York}} The magazine launched its website in April 1997.{{cite journal|author=Ulrich Kaiser|title=The Effects of Website Provision on the Demand for German Women's Magazines|journal=NBER Working Paper|issue=8806|date=February 2002

|doi=10.3386/w8806|doi-access=free}} The target audience of the magazine is both housewives and working women.{{cite journal

|author=Katharina M. Dallmann|title=Targeting women in German and Japanese magazine advertising: A difference‐in‐differences approach

|journal=European Journal of Marketing|year=2001|volume=35|issue=11/12|issn=0309-0566|doi=10.1108/EUM0000000006478|pages=1320–1341}}

Andreas Lebert and Brigitte Huber served as co-editors of Brigitte.[http://woman.brigitte.de/service/presse/pressemitteilungen/online-print-1035472/ BRIGITTE führt Chefredaktionen zusammen] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100808053004/http://woman.brigitte.de/service/presse/pressemitteilungen/online-print-1035472/|date=8 August 2010}} Birgitte Lebert, after serving in the post from 2002 to 2012, left the magazine to become editor-in-chief of Zeit Wissen magazine.{{cite web|title=Lebert becomes editor-in-chief of ZEIT WISSEN|work=Media Bulletin|access-date=5 October 2013

|url=http://www.featuresexec.com/bulletin/news_article.php?id=20359#.Uk_fJWRJVgs|author=Veronika Wehner|date=15 July 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131006172348/http://www.featuresexec.com/bulletin/news_article.php?id=20359#.Uk_fJWRJVgs|archive-date=6 October 2013|url-status=dead}}

In 2010 the magazine began to employ women who were not professional models.{{cite news|title=Top German magazine trades models for "real" women|url=http://www.dw.de/top-german-magazine-trades-models-for-real-women/a-5093457|access-date=14 November 2014|work=Deutsche Welle|date=7 January 2010}}

Brigitte had a circulation of 150,000 copies in 1926. It was 940,700 copies in 1999.{{cite book|author=Ingomar Kloss

|editor=Ingomar Kloss|title=Advertising Worldwide: Advertising Conditions in Selected Countries|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8-kg-A7_nyAC&pg=PA130|year=2001|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-540-67713-0|page=130|location=Berlin; Heidelberg; New York|chapter=Advertising in Germany}} During the fourth quarter of 2000 its circulation rose to 958,258 copies.{{cite news|author=Fiona Jebb|title=Campaign report on Germany|url=http://www.campaignlive.co.uk/news/37777/|access-date=30 March 2015|work=Campaign|date=13 April 2001}} In 2001 it was one of top 50 women's magazine worldwide with a circulation of 958,000 copies.{{cite web|title=Top 50 Women's magazines worldwide (by circulation)

|url=http://www.magazine.org.tw/events/school/report/wmt/Top50Womens.pdf|work=Magazines|access-date=30 March 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402101746/http://www.magazine.org.tw/events/school/report/wmt/Top50Womens.pdf|archive-date=2 April 2015}} In 2004 the magazine had a circulation of 771,281 copies.{{cite web|title=Women's Magazines in Germany

|url=http://www.bleispa.it/_uploads/news/docnews396.pdf|work=Gruner+Jahr|access-date=1 March 2015|location=Hamburg|date=March 2005|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304032933/http://www.bleispa.it/_uploads/news/docnews396.pdf|archive-date=4 March 2016}} Its circulation was 693,248 copies in 2010.{{cite web|title=World Magazine Trends 2010/2011|url=http://www.revistas-ari.com/attachments/209_WMT_2010_2011_Europe.pdf|work=FIPP|access-date=4 April 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402165145/http://www.revistas-ari.com/attachments/209_WMT_2010_2011_Europe.pdf|archive-date=2 April 2015}} Brigitte was the best-selling women's magazine in the first quarter of 2018 with a circulation of 389,279 copies.{{cite thesis

|author=Judith Pörschke|title=‘I am luckily not the only one’ Analyzing the readers’ interpretations of texting advice in women’s magazines

|url=http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A1483582&dswid=8265|location=Malmö University|degree=MA|year=2020|page=18}}

• List of magazines in Germany

{{Reflist}}

• Dora Horvath. (2000). Bitte recht weiblich! Frauenleitbilder in der deutschen Zeitschrift Brigitte 1949-1982. Chronos Verlag, Zurich.
• Sylvia Lott-Almstadt. (1986). Brigitte 1886-1986, Chronik einer Frauenzeitschrift. Gruner + Jahr AG & Co, Hamburg. {{ISBN|3-570-04930-2}}

• {{official website|Brigitte.de}}
• {{Commons-inline}}

{{Bertelsmann}}

{{German women's magazines}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Brigitte}}

Category:1886 establishments in Germany

Category:Biweekly magazines published in Germany

Category:German-language magazines

Category:Magazines established in 1886

Category:Magazines published in Hamburg

Category:Women's magazines published in Germany