Bromus kalmii
{{Short description|Species of grass}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = Bromus kalmii EPA-3.jpg
| genus = Bromus
| species = kalmii
| authority = A.Gray Bromus kalmii was first described and published in A Manual of the botany of the Northern United States: from New England to Wisconsin and south to Ohio and Pennsylvania inclusive, (the mosses and liverworts by Wm. S. Sullivant,) arranged according to the natural system. 1st Edition. 600. 1848. Boston; London. The synonym Bromopsis kalmii was published in Folia Geobotanica & Phytotaxonomica 8: 167. 1973. Prague. {{IPNI |accessdate=August 9, 2010}}
| synonyms = Bromopsis kalmii (A.Gray) Holub
}}
Bromus kalmii, Kalm's brome, is a species of brome grass. It is a native bunchgrass in the North-central and Northeastern United States, the Great Lakes region, and eastern Canada. The specific epithet kalmii refers to its discoverer Pehr Kalm.
Description
Bromus kalmii is a perennial grass, with solitary or slightly tufted culms that grow {{convert|0.4-1.2|m|abbr=on}} tall. The culms are pubescent just below the nodes. The grass typically has three to five and occasionally six leaf blades. The firm and scabrous leaf blades are either pubescent or glabrous and are {{convert|7-17|cm|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|4-10|mm|abbr=on}} wide. The glabrous or sometimes shaggy sheaths are mostly shorter than the internodes and each have a V-shaped cleft. The ligule is typically {{convert|0.5|mm|abbr=on}} long. The narrow, crowded panicle is {{convert|5-15|cm|abbr=on}} long. The lower branches of the panicle are very slender and each bear one or two spikelets. The five to eleven flowered spikelets are {{convert|1.4-2.6|cm|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|5-6|mm|abbr=on}} wide. Both glumes have short, adpressed hairs. The lower glume is three-nerved and the upper glume is five-nerved. The densely hairy lemmas are oblong to elliptical in shape, and have straight awns {{convert|1-3|mm|abbr=on}} long. The oblong and flat palea is slightly shorter than the glume. The anthers are approximately {{convert|2|mm|abbr=on}} long.{{cite book |title=Gray's Manual of Botany |author= Merrit Lyndon Fernald |year= 1970 |editor= R. C. Rollins |publisher= D. Van Nostrand Company |edition= Eighth (Centennial) - Illustrated|isbn= 0-442-22250-5 |page= 101}}{{cite book |title= Bulletin |issue= 20–25 |author= United States Division of Agrostology |publisher= U.S. Government Printing Office |year= 1900}}
The grass flowers from July to through August.{{cite book |title= An Illustrated Flora of the Northern United States, Canada and the British Possessions |volume= 1 |author= Nathaniel Lord Britton, Addison Brown |edition= 2 |publisher= Charles Scribner's Sons |year= 1913 |page= 266}}
Habitat
Bromus kalmii grows in dry or moist open areas or thickets, especially on calcareous soils.
References
{{Reflist|refs=
{{Illinois Wildflowers|grasses/plants/pr_brome |link=1}}
}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q4973784}}